Objective To study the relationship between serum and cerebrospinal fluid neuron specific enolase (NSE) and myelin basic protein (MBP) concentrations with the disease progress and prognosis in the patients with craniocerebral injury.Methods Forty-five patients with craniocerebral injury treated in our hospital were selected and divided into the mild group,moderate group and severe group according to disease severity;which were divided into the subdural hematoma group,epidural hematoma group,cerebral contusion and laceration group and combined injury group according to the injury types;which were divided into the death and plant survival group,disability group and good recovery group.Other 15 individuals undergoing physical examination were selected as the control group.The concentrations of cerebrospinal fluid and serum NSE and MBP were detected at admission in the patients with craniocerebral injury and control group,on 1,7,14 d after injury in the patients with severe craniocerebral injury.Results The concentrations of cerebrospinal fluid and serum NSE and MBP in the patients with mild,moderate and severe craniocerebral injury were significantly higher than those in the control group,the severe group was significantly higher than the moderate group(P<0.05);the concentrations of cerebrospinal fluid and serum NSE and MBP in the patients with epidural hematoma were lowest,while which in the combine injury group were significantly higher than those in the subdural hematoma group,epidural hematoma group and cerebral contusion and laceration group(P<0.05);which in the death and plant survival group were significantly higher than those in the disability group and good recovery group(P<0.05);which on 1-14 d after injury in the patients with severe craniocerebral injury showed the decreasing trend,but which on 14 d were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The concentrations of cerebrospinal and fluid serum NSE and MBP are positively correlated with injury severity,which can serve as the basis for diagnosis and prognosis judgment.

Objective To discuss the efficacy of photoselective vaporization of the prostate(PVP) for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Methods From July 2006 to August 2007,110 patients with BPH received PVP in our hospital.The safety of the procedure,Pre- and postoperative Qmax,and IPSS of the cases were recorded and analyzed.Results The mean operation time was(51.2?36.3) minutes(ranged from 15 to 180).In the patients,23 cases had a prostate weighed ≥100 g,9 of them received TURP during the procedure.89 patients underwent bladder irrigation for 15 to 48 hours(mean,36 hours).After the operation,urinary catheter was left indwelling in all the patients except for 6(

Objective To investigate if the single item fatigue question of the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index(BASDAI) is appropriate for measuring fatigue in patients with ankylosing spondylitis(AS), and to identify factors that influence fatigue in these patients. Methods A total of 93 patients with ankylosing spondylitis were recruited. Patients completed questionnaires on disease activity(BASDAI), functional ability[Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index(BASFI)], the short form McGill Pain Questionnaire and 10 cm visual analogue scale(VAS) for sleep disturbance. Reliability was assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients. The patients were then dichotomized into a F+group (eg, fatigue is the major symptom) if the BASDAI fatigue scale was ≥5.0 and a F-group(eg, fatigue is the minor symptom) if the fatigue score was

Both motor therapy and functional electrical stimulation was used to treat the patients with hemiplegia. In 43 patients 17 cerebral haemorrhages, 26 cerebral infarctions and 7 traumatic cerebral injuries and haematomas male 28, female 15,were included in our studies. Therapy began in 1 to 2 weeks after lesion in 23, 2 to 5 weeks in 14, 3 -4 months in 3,6 months in 1,8 months in 1 and 1 year in 1. The results were evaluated by Barthel Index before and after the treatment,increasing from 41.02 ±20.58 pretreatment to 85.70±16.46 post-treatment with 22.58±15.10 times

ObjectiveTo investigate DNA loads and risk factors of BK virus infection in renal transplant recipients.MethodsWe developed a real-time PCR assay to quantitate BK virus loads in 80 patients receiving renal transplantation in our center,and correlation between the BK virus load and clinical course was analyzed.BK virus loads were measured in urine and plasma. Epidemiological features and risk factors of BK virus infection were analyzed.ResultsThe positive rate of BKV viruria and viremia in 80 renal recipients was 37.5％ (30/80) and 8.75％ (7/80),respectively.BKV loads were higher in renal allograft recipients whose age was more than 50 years old.BKV loads were observed in urine and plasma (compared with group whose age was less than 50 years,P=0.017 and 0.05,respectively).BKV DNA copies were higher in group Tac than that in group CSA (P＜0.05),and the peak of BKV load in serum appeared at14th and10th month after transplantation,respectively,but the peak in urine was ahead of that in serum,appeared at 2nd and 8th month,respectively.ConclusionSerial measurement of BKV viral loads by quantitative PCR is a useful tool in monitoring the course of BK virus infection.The ages of recipients (＞50 years) and using Tac + MPA can reactivate BK virus and then result in BKVAN in renal transplant recipients. Intensive BKV monitoring is necessary for these recipients.

Objective To investigate the signal transducer and activator of transcription 1(STAT1) and matrix metalloproteinase 3(MMP3)′s genetic expressions and their clinical significance on urothelial carcinoma after renal transplantation. Methods Fifty-one patients with urothelial carcinoma were recruited in this study. Sixteen of them who had renal transplant were in the experimental group and 35 of them without renal transplant were in the control group. All the cases had been proved postoperatively having transitional cell carcinoma by histopathological study. The human genome oligo arrays were used to analyze the gene expression spectrum of urothelial carcinoma after transplantation, aiming the STAT1 and MMP3's expression. Real time RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining were used to compare the differences in the 2 groups. Results The experimental group showed that there were 35 genes up-regulated compared with the control group. Of them, 23had known gene function or partly known, and 12 had unknown gene function. There were 76 genes down-regulated. Of them, 46 had known gene function or partly known, and 30 had unknown gene function. After pathway analysis of the differentially expressed genes, there were 23 groups of pathways which had significant differences (P＜0.05), referring to the aspects of immunosuppressive and tumor growth. The levels of STAT1 and MMP3 expressions had significant differences between the 2groups(P＜0.05)as well. Conclusions The differential expression of urothelial tumor genes is obvious between patient who has had renal transplant and who has not. There are many aspects that are related to the tumor's growth like signaling pathways regulating proliferation, apoptosis of tumor cells, tumor angiogenesis and the tumor metastasis potential. STAT1 and MMP3 maybe become the targets of chemoprevention for post-transplantation urothelial carcinoma.

Objective:To explorethe the clinical manifestations, treatment and prognosis of anastomotic pseudoaneurysm after renal transplantation caused by infection.Methods:Clinical data of 1 recipient with pseudoaneurysm after renal transplantation due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection were retrospectively analysed and combined with a literature review. Results:At Month 2 post-transplantation, the recipient developed right lower abdominal pain, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination showed a pseudoaneurysm at the artery anastomosis. Anti-infection and anti-rejection therapy had no obvious effect, and therefore next surgical exploration was performed. A size4.0 cm×3.5cm pseudoaneurysm was found intraoperatively at the graft renal artery anastomosis.After graft was evaluated as having no preservation value, the transplanted kidney and pseudoaneurysm were resected. Bacterial culture indicated Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.The recipient recovered well and waited for next transplantation. Conclusions:Pseudoaneurysm of transplanted kidney is a very rare complication after renal transplantation, and caused by infection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is more rarer, It has not been reported in mainland China.This type of recipient has the characteristics of high graft inactivation rate and high mortality rate. Timely surgical resection can effectively prevent the deterioration of disease.

Objective To explore the mechanism of the secondary deterioration of neurological symptoms in Wilson' s disease (WD) at early stage of treatment using D-penicillamine. Methods Forty non-treated WD patients, 32 of encephalic and 8 hepatic type respectively, were enrolled in the study. Their neural symptoms were scored using modified Young grade. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) copper, serum copper, urinary copper, neuron specific enolase (NSE) in CSF and the albumin ratio CSF/serum (AR) were measured at the same time. After 3 months of treatment with D-penicillamine, neural symptoms of patients were scored again. All dates were analyzed. Results After 3 months of treatment with D-penicillamine, 15 patients (46. 9%) developed a secondary deterioration in neurological symptoms. The concentration of copper and the NSE in CSF of patients whose neural symptom was increasingly deteriorated. The serum copper declined after treatment((0. 37± 0. 09) vs (0. 25 ± 0. 08) mg/L, t = 3. 17, P < 0. 05). The 24 hours urinary copper of patients whose symptoms had deteriorated was much lower than that of patients who had not. No significant change was found in AR ratio before and after the treatment (9. 53 ± 3.18vs12.24±3.17) in the worsened group (t=1.45, P>0. 05). Conclusions The degree of the injury in the neural system and the dose of penicillamine may affect the deterioration of the neural symptom.

Objective To analyse the changes in bilateral optic radiation and visual cortex in patients with primary glaucoma detected by magnetization transfer imaging ( MTI ),and try to explore the influence of the disease on posterior visual pathway.Methods MTI was performed in 20 patients with primary glaucoma with normal signal on conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).The same scanning was performed in 31matched healthy controls.MTI was obtained using spoiled gradient recalled acquisition sequence (SPGR).Magnetization transfer ratio ( MTR ) of bilateral optic radiation and visual cortex was measured after post-processing.The MTR value differences of the same area between two groups were compared by independent-sample t test or Satterthwaite t test if variances were not equality.Result The MTR value in the left and right optic radiation were ( 32.8 ± 2.2 ) ％ and ( 32.7 ± 2.0 ) ％ in the glaucoma group,(34.6 ± 1.4 )％ and (34.8 ± 1.3 )％ in the control group.There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (left t =3.284,right t =4.040 ;P ＜ 0.01).The MTR value of the left and right visual cortex were ( 30.1± 2.0 ) ％ and ( 30.8 ± 1.8 ) ％ in the glaucoma goup,and (32.3 ± 1.2 )％ and (32.4 ± 1.2 )％ in the control group.Statistically significant difference was found between the two groups ( left t =4.319,right t =3.445 ;P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Potential neuropathology changes occurring in the posterior visual pathway of patients with glaucoma indicate that the whole visual pathway may be involved by glaucoma.The micro physiological changes can be detected by MTI which can not be found by conventional MRI.It is a useful method of studying trans-synaptic damage of visual pathway n vivo glaucoma which provides more information for guiding the clinic diagnosis,cure and prognosis of glaucoma.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of bilateral native pelvic and ureteral transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) in renal transplant patients. Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on 16 patients with bilateral native pelvic and ureteral TCC after kidney transplantation.The mean time between transplantation and diagnosis of upper urinary TCC was 56. 2 ± 33. 0 months.Two patients were suffered from bilateral upper urinary TCC at the same time. The mean interval between 2 upper urinary tract operations of the remaining 14 cases was 8. 6 ± 6. 7 months. Hematuria and hydronephrosis of native kidneys were the main symptoms and targets in checkup. Intravesical chemotherapy was postoperatively given. Results All operations were performed successfully. All specimens obtained from the operations were pathologically diagnosed as TCC. The TCC location involved pure native pelvis (n = 4), pure native ureter (n = 9), and pelvis combined with ureter (n = 19). Pelvic TCC pathological grades included grade 1 in 8 cases, grade 2 in 11 cases, and grade 3 in 4 cases; Ureteral TCC grades included grade 1 in 6 cases, grade 2 in 10 cases, and grade 3 in 12 cases.Patients were followed up for 26. 8 ± 25. 1 months. One patient died of lung metastasis. (One case of lumbar soft tissue transfer was given local excision. The remaining patients had no recurrence and metastasis. Conclusion Renal transplant patients with hematuria and native renal hydronephrosis should be highly vigilant of the occurrence of upper urinary tract TCC. TCC after renal transplantation is invasive. Prophylactic contralateral nephroureterectomy should be performed on the recipients having TCC at the bladder and one side of native upper urinary tract.