In Order to resolve the failure of PCR to amplif y 8-receptor, the influence of PCR amplification the different concentration of DMSO was observed． The result show that the centain concertation of DMSO can greatly enhance the specificity and efficiency of PCR amplification

BACKGROUND: In the researches of Ginkgo Biloba Extract(GBE) in the treatment of cerebra ischemia, because of the application of generally anaesthesia medication that may induce the alteration of cerebral temperature, the accuracy of the results may be affected.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of domestic GBE on antioxidase and lipid peroxide of cerebral ischemic reperfusion tissue as well as the water content of ischemic brain tissue under normothermia.DESIGN: A randomised controlled trial.SETTING and MATERIALS: Study was conducted in the Tongji Medical University of Huazhong Science and Technology University. A total of 24 Wistar rats with a mass from 250 g to 300 g were randomly allocated into sham-operation group ( n = 8 ), cerebral ischemia control group ( n = 8) and cerebral ischemia GBE treatment group( n = 8) . The animal model of normothermia rat with left middle cerebral artery ischemia for 2 hours and reperfusion for 2 hours was prepared with the reference of Nagasawa method in the animals of control group and treatment group for contrast study.INTERVENTIONS: The cerebral temperature of the rats was reflected by the temperature of the temporal muscle. The temperature-measuring probe was embedded into the deep part of the left temporal muscle closed to osseous ectoblast. The temperature was continuously monitored by semiconductor oxide temperature sensor. The temperature of the head was heated with 60 W filament lamp and adjusted by automatic double-controlling craniocerebral cooling instrument to maintain the cerebral temperature at normothermia level of 36.5 ℃ - 37 ℃. The normothermia cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury rat model was established according to the design. GBE injection was injected respectively into abdominal cavity in the rats of cerebral ischemia GBE treatment group at the following time point: 12 hours, 8 hours and 4 hours before operation, immediately after cerebral ischemia and immediately after reperfusion, with 3 mL each time and 5 times in total. Same times and dose of normal saline was injected into the abdominal cavity in the rats of both control group and sham-operation groups.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px), reduced glutathione(GSH), malondialdehyde(MDA)and water contents in the cerebral ischemic tissue.RESULTS: The levels of SOD, GSH-Px and GSH in cerebral ischemia control group were(73.35 ± 12. 86) NU/mg, (167.37 ±54.34) μkat/g and (196. 84 ± 22.75) μg/g respectively, which significantly lower than that (96. 02± 16. 83) NU/mg, (338.57±84.02) μkat/g and(337.51± 34. 89) μg/g of sham-operation group( P ＜ 0. 01 or P ＜ 0.05) . The SOD, GSH-Px and GSH levels of cerebral isehemia GBE treatment group were (87.24± 15.03) NU/mg, (316. 56 ±93.52) μkat/g and(263.16±28.54) μg/g, which significantly higher than that of cerebral ischemia control group(P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜ 0.05) .The MDA level of cerebra ischemia control group was (308.34 ± 26.81 ) nmol/g, which significantly higher than that(101.46 ± 10.97) nmol/g of sham-operation group( P ＜ 0.01 ) .The MDA level of cerebral ischemia GBE treatment group was(125.86± 13.90) nmol/g, which was significantly lower than that of sham-operation group ( P ＜ 0.01 ) . The water content of cerebral ischemia control group was(80. 45 ± 0.44)%, which was significantly higher than that (78.20 ± 0. 25 ) % of sham-operation group ( P ＜ 0.01 ) . The water content of cerebral ischemia GBE treatment group was(79.63 ± 0.46) %, which was significantly lower than that of cerebral ischemia control group( P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Domestic GBE can inhibit the excessive production of free radicals and the lipid peroxidation during cerebral ischemia and reduce cerebral oedema and the destruction of blood-brain barrier to protect cerebral ischemic tissues under cerebral normothermia.

Objective To study the relationship between hyperthermia secondary to extensive cerebral infarction and short-term prognosis.Methods 208 extensive cerebral infarction cases were divided into two groups: the fever group(T≥37.5℃, n=82) and non-fever group(T

Objective To reseach the effects of diazepam under different cerebral temperature on the concentration of glutamate(Glu), ?-aminobutyric acid (GABA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX) and malonaldehyde(MDA) in cerebral ischemia tissue of rat. Methods The modle of cerebral middle artery occlusion reperfusion of rats was established to induce the target cerebral temperatue.The concentration of Glu, GABA, SOD, GSH-PX and MDA were detected in mild hyperthermia, ordinary temperature and subhypothermia groups respectively. Results (1)Compared with the sham-operation group under normal temperature,the concentration of Glu, MDA had increased obviously in the control group of focal cerebral ischemia and the group using diazepam under normal temperature (all P0.05),but the concentration of GABA had increased markedly in the groups of normal temperature using diazepam (P0.05).(3)Compared with the control group using diazepam under normal temperature,the concentration of Glu and MDA increased obviuosly(all P0.05).The concentration of Glu and MDA in the groups of hypothermia using diazepam was lower markedly (P

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of Weinaian Capsules on chronic erosive gastritis with HP positivity and its effect on HP.Methods: 90 patients with chronic erosive gastritis with HP positivity were divided into 2 groups. 50 cases in the treatment group were given drug Weinaian Capsules orally, 4 capsules each time, 3 times a day. 40 cases in the control group were given drug Compound Aluminum Hydroxide Tablets orally, 2 tablets each time, 3 times a day. Both groups were treated for 6 successive weeks. Results: The effective rates were 92% for the treatment group and 67.5% for the control group ( x 2=23.87,P

Objective To study the characteristics of neonatal sepsis caused by gram positive (G +) bacteria,gram negative (G+) bacteria and fungi.Method Clinical data of 202 neonates with sepsis hospitalized from Jan.2012 to May.2015 were studied.According to the different pathogens,202 neonates were divided into gram positive bacteria group,gram negative bacteria group and fungi group.The general information,clinical manifestation,laboratory examination and treatment outcome of the three groups were analysed with Chi square analysis,LSD,Fisher exact probability tests.Result A total of 202 cases of neonatal sepsis were recruited.The detection rate of gram positive bacteria,gram negative bacteria and fungi was 35.2％ (71 cases),56.4％ (114 cases) and 8.4％ (17 cases),respectively.Comparing with gram negative group and fungi group,gram positive group had older gestational age (36.0 ± 3.8 w,compared with gram negative 33.0 ± 3.9 w,fungi group 31.2 ± 3.2 w,P ＜ 0.05),larger birth weight (2 620 ± 925 g compared with gram negative group 1 999 ± 849 g,fungi group 1 595 ± 666 g,P ＜ 0.05),lower nosocomial infection rate (29.6％ compared with gram negative group 70.2％,fungi group 94.1％,P ＜0.05),lower rate of shock,blood glucose disturbance and thrombocytopenia (P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistics difference between the gram negative group and fungi group.Comparing with the other two groups,fungi group was older [20.0 (11.5,39.5) d compared with gram positive group 7.0 (2.0,17.0) d,and gram negative 10.0 (6.0,18.2) d,P ＜ 0.05].The rate of deep venous catheterization in fungi group was higher than that in gram positive group and gram negative group (88.2％ compared with gram positive group 25.4％,gram negative group 40.4％,P ＜0.05).The treatment course of fungi group was longer than that of the gram positive group and gram negative group [22.0 (12.0,37.5) d compared with the gram positive group 14.0 (10.0,17.0) d,gram negative group 14.0 (11.0,18.0) d,P ＜0.05].The incidence of apnea in the gram negative group was higher than that in gram positive group and fungi group (P ＜ 0.05).The rate of leukocytosis,leukocytopenia and elevated CRP were higher in gram negative and gram positive group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The clinical manifestations and laboratory examinations in neonatal sepsis caused by different pathogens were different,which can help to early identification of different pathogenic infections.However,there is no specific indicators to differentiate neonatal sepsis caused by different pathogens.Early identification of the pathogen needs clinical acumen.

Depression is a common complication after stroke.It is often associated with disability,cognitive impairment,and increased mortality.This article reviews the epidemiology,risk factors,predictive factors,and pathophysiology mechanisms of post-stroke depression.

Objective To explore the prevalence and the relative factors of the overweight and the obese in a population of Gansu Province pre-pregnancy women.and the effects of pre-pregnancy maternal body mass index (BMI) on gestational weight gain and pregnant outcome.Methods We conducted a populationbased birth cohort study in Gansu Province Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital from February,2010 to December,2011.Single live term birth women who have complete anthropometry were enrolled this study.They were categorized into four BMI groups according to World Health Organization's BMI recommendations for Asian populations.We explored the prevalence and the relative factors of the overweight and the obese,and the effects of pre-pregnancy maternal body mass index on gestational weight gain and birth outcomes by Chi-square test,analysis of variance.Results A total of 6 400 cases included in this study.The BMI range is from 13.3 to 38.1,the average BMI is (20.6 ±2.7).Among 6 400 cases,636 cases(9.9％) and 416 cases (6.5％) were overweight and obese.The average age (unit:years) is increase gradually in low weight group (27.8±3.8),normal group (29.1 ±4.3),overweight group (30.3 ±4.7) and obese group (30.6±4.6),the difference was statistically significant (F=77.490,P＜0.01).The result prompt that the median BMI increased with the increasing of maternal age (r=0.18,P＜0.01).The BMI of multiparous women (21.22 ±2.63) is higher than nulliparous women (20.43 ± 2.64),the difference was statistically significant (t=-9.630,P＜0.01).The BMI has negatively correlated with education level and economic income level (r=-0.06,P＜0.01; r=-0.04,P=0.036).With the increase of BMI,the weight gain of early (13 weeks) pregnancy (F=8.892,P＜ 0.01) and the total weight gain during whole pregnancy (F=21.700,P＜ 0.01) gradually reduced in four groups.The neonatal birth weight in overweight group is largest,in turn higher than obesity group,normal group and low weight group,the difference was statistically significant (F=11.261,P＜0.01).With increasing BMI,the incidence of pre eclampsia (x2=85.758,P＜0.05),gestational diabetes mellitus (x2=58.913,P＜0.05),postpartum hemorrhage (x2=13.501,P＜0.05),neonatal hypoglycemia (x2=6.563,P＜0.05) and neonatal pulmonary hyaline membrane (x2=9.579,P＜0.05) was increased.The incidence of caesarean section (x2=125.442,P＜0.05),macrosomia (x2=62.963,P＜0.05) and birth defects (x2=9.087,P＜0.05) also increased.The incidence of abnormal umbilical cord in overweight group is highest,in turn higher than normal group,low weight group,and the obesity group (x2=15.82g,P=0.001).The incidence of neonatal electrolyte disorder in obesity group was higher than low weight group,normal group,and the overweight group (x2=12.092,P=0.007).The incidence of preterm birth in overweight group is highest,in turn higher than obesity group,normal group and the low weight group (x2=7.865,P=0.049).Compared with the normal group,the risk of caesarean section (OR=l.700,95％ CI:1.325-2.181),pre-eclampsia (OR=2.436,95％ CI:1.578-3.761),gestational diabetes (OR=3.182,95％ CI:1.049-9.653) and abnormal umbilical cord (OR=2.252,95％ CI:1.267-4.004) in overweight group was increased.the risk of pre eclampsia (OR=2.585,95％ CI:1.020-6.914),macrosomia (OR=2.484,95％ CI:1.017 6.070),neonatal electrolyte disorder (OR=4.430,95％ CI:1.290-t5.217) in obesity group was increased.Conclusions The median BMI before pregnancy increased with increasing maternal age,parity,but decreased with education level and income level.The weight gain of early (13 weeks) pregnancy and the total weight gain during whole pregnancy decreased with increasing BMI.Overweight and obesity before pregnancy increased the risk the caesarean section,preeclampsia,gestational diabetes,macrosomia and neonatal electrolyte disorder.

Objective To investigate the immunoregulatory effect of thalidomide on the peripheral blood T-iymphocytes in systemic lupus erythematosus patients in vitro. Methods T-lymphoeytes were treated by thalidomide with different concentrations, then the proliferation of these T-lymphocytes proliferation was deteted by MTT while apoptosis and lymphocyte activation marker were analyzed by flow cytometry. The mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α was measured by real-time RT-PCR, One-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. Results In vitro, thalidomide inhibited the expression of CD3~+CD28~+ [500 μg/ml group vs the control group, (48±9)% vs (57±9)% P<0.05]. The pro-portion of apoptotic T-lymphoeytes in the 500 μg/ml group was (36±8)%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group [(23±5)%,P<0.05 ]. The values of A_(570nm) T-lymphocytes were significantly lower in the 100 μg/ml group, 300 μg/ml groupand 500 μg/ml group compared with those of the control group ( 100 μg/ml group vs 300 μg/ml group vs 500μg/ml group vs the control group, 0.39±0.05 vs 0.34±0.04 vs 0.30±0.03 vs 0.51±0.07, P<0.05), while thalidomide promoted the expression of CD8~+CD152~+ [ 100 μg/ml group vs 500 μg/ml group vs the control group, (5.0±0.6)% vs (7.8±0.7)% vs (4.2±0.6)%, P<0.05 ]. 500 μg/ml thalidomide inhibited the mRNA expression of IL-6, 2.5～500 μg/ml thalidomide inhibited IL-10, TNF-α mRNA expression of T-lymphocytes.Conclusion Thalidomide can inhibit the proliferative activities and CD28 expression of T-lymphocytes,reduce mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, stimulate CD28 expression and apoptosis of T-lymphocytes. These effects may play an important role in it's immune-suppressive effects on systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objective To analyse the spectral patterns of complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) length distribution of T lymphocyte receptor beta chain variable (TRBV) gene families in infiltrating T cells of the liver tissues and the peripheral blood samples of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in order to evaluate the characteristics of T cell clonal expansion. Methods The spectral patterns drift of TRBV gene families (the monoclonal/oligoclonal TCR β T cells) in the peripheral blood and hepatic tissues from 11 cases of CHB patients were analyzed by the real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) with DNA melting curve analysis, and abnormal rates of TRBV gene families were compared between CHB patients and healthy control. The comparison of rates was done by chi square test. Results The gene melting spectral pattern of 26 TRBV families of the 11 CHB patients, no matter in the peripheral blood or hepatic tissue, showed either a single peak or prominent melting peaks, even disappeared for certain TRBV families. The abnormal rate of TRBV gene families in the hepatic tissues was significantly higher than that in the peripheral blood samples (x2 = 23. 246, P＜0. 01). What is more interesting was that some parts of TRBV families were identical in both the peripheral blood and the hepatic tissue in certain patients. TCR BV13.1, TCR BV17 and TCR BV22 fragments were found to be restricted used in both the peripheral blood and hepatic tissue by some CHB patients. Conclusions T cells in the peripheral blood and the hepatic tissues of CHB patients can develop clonal expansion to some extent.Parts of TRBV families are restricted used in the peripheral blood and hepatic tissue in some CHB patients, which offers a foundation for further studying the common specific spectral drift patterns of TRBV CDR3 gene in CHB patients.