Objective : To explore the role of lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3(LPCAT3) in Erastin-induced ferroptosis of acute myeloid leukemia(AML) cells and its related molecular regulatory mechanisms. Methods : Tetrazolium salt(MTS) method was used to detect the sensitivity of different AML cells to the classic ferroptosis inducer Erastin, real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR) was used to detect the basal expression level ofLPCAT3mRNA, and the correlation between them was analyzed. Lentivirus-mediatedLPCAT3overexpression AML cell lines(OE group) and negative control lines(NC group) were constructed. After Erastin intervention, MTS, flow cytometry, and micromethods were used to detect cell viability, lipid reactive oxygen species(ROS), and Malondialdehyde(MDA), respectively. qPCR and Western blot were used to detect unfolded protein response(UPR) classic pathway signaling molecules(PERK, ATF4, GRP78, etc.) expression levels. The above ferroptosis-related indicators were detected after combined intervention with the UPR inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid(4-PBA), and the regulatory relationship was analyzed. Results : Four different types of AML cells had different sensitivities to ferroptosis, among which K562 cells were relatively insensitive. The IC50of the four types of AML cells to Erastin was negatively correlated with the expression level ofLPCAT3(r=-0.919,P<0.001). After Erastin intervention, the cell viability of K562 cells in the OE group was significantly inhibited by Erastin compared with the NC group(P<0.001), and the levels of lipid ROS and MDA increased(P<0.001). The results of qPCR and Western blot showed that, compared with the NC group, the mRNA and protein expression of UPR classic pathway moleculesPERK,ATF4, andGRP78mRNA and protein increased in the OE group(P<0.01). After inhibiting the UPR pathway by 4-PBA, the viability of K562 cells decreased(P<0.01), and lipid ROS and MDA levels increased(P<0.01) compared with the uninhibited state. Conclusion Overexpression ofLPCAT3can promote ferroptosis in K562 cells, and this process is negatively regulated by the classical UPR pathway PERK/ATF.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of the Tai Chi training on bone density， bone turnover markers， and heart rate variability for people with high-risk osteoporosis， and to provide evidence for the prevention of osteoporosis at early stage. MethodsSixty-six cases of people with high risk of osteoporosis were included， and they were divided into 33 cases each in the intervention group and the control group using the random number table method. The control group received osteoporosis health education three times a week， and the intervention group received Tai Chi training under the guidance of a trainer three times a week for 40 mins each time on the basis of the control group， and both groups were intervened for 12 weeks. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure the bone density of L₁~L₄ vertebrae， bilateral femoral necks and bilateral total hips in the two groups before and after the intervention； enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine bone turnover markers before and after the intervention， including pro-collagen type Ⅰ pro-amino-terminal prepropyl peptide （P1NP） and β-collagen type Ⅰ cross-linking carboxy-terminal peptide （β-CTX）. Seven cases with good compliance in the intervention group were selected. After wearing the heart rate sensor， they successively performed Tai Chi training and walking activities recommended by the guideline for 20 mins each， and the heart rate variability （HRV） during exercise was collected， including time-domain indexes such as standard deviation of normal sinus intervals （SDNN）， root-mean-square of the difference between adjacent RR intervals （RMSSD）， frequency-domain metrics such as low-frequency power （LF）， high-frequency power （HF）， and low-frequency/high-frequency power ratio （LF/HF）， as well as nonlinear metrics such as approximate entropy （ApEn）， sample entropy （SampEn）. ResultsFinally， 63 cases were included in the outcome analysis， including 30 cases in the intervention group and 33 cases in the control group. After the intervention， the differences of L₁~L₄ vertebrae， bone density of bilateral femoral neck and bilateral total hip in the intervention group were not statistically significant when compared with those before intervention （P＞0.05）， while the bone density of all parts of the control group decreased significantly compared with that before intervention （P＜0.05）， and the difference in the bone density of the L₁~L₄ vertebrae， bilateral femoral neck， and the right total hip before and after the intervention of the intervention group was smaller than that of the control group （P＜0.05）. The differences in P1NP and β-CTX between groups before and after intervention was not statistically significant （P＞0.05）. Compared with walking exercise， LF decreased， HF increased and LF/HF decreased during Tai Chi exercise （P＜0.05）； the time domain indexes and non-linear indexes between groups had no statistically significant difference （P＞0.05）. ConclusionTai Chi exercise can maintain lumbar， hip， and femoral bone density and improve sympathetic/parasympathetic balance in people at high risk for osteoporosis， but cannot significantly improve bone turnover markers.

OBJECTIVE To estimate the quality markers of antioxidant activity for standard decoction of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus.METHODS 15 batches of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus standard decoctions were subjected to quality evaluation by ultra high-performance liquid chromatography(UPLC)based on single-marker(QAMS)method,before being summarized by chemometrics analysis.The antioxidant abilities of 15 batches of samples were determined by DPPH and ABTS methods,while gray correlation analy-sis(GRA)and the partial least squares regression(PLSR)methods were subsequently applied to investigating the relationship between the contents of 8 components and the antioxidant activity.Ultimately,molecule docking was utilized to explore the binding properties between candidate quality markers and the core targets of anti-oxidation,with the experimental verification being executed on the indi-vidual compound by in vitro anti-oxidation.RESULTS There was no remarkable difference between the results of QAMS and external standard method(ESM),with P valued greater than 0.05.And it was speculated that protocatechuic acid,gomisin A,schizantherin B and schisandrin B were the constituents of quality difference.Moreover,the 4 quality variation components were reckoned to be the al-ternative markers on antioxidant according to the results of GRA and PLSR.The molecule docking result also showed that 4 candidate quality markers presented good binding affinity with the antioxidant core targets.The antioxidant capacity was presumably originated from the collaborated effects by multi-components in the standard decoction of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus.In the interim,protocate-chuic acid exhibited noteworthy antioxidant efficacy with dosage-depended manner in the results of single-compound verification,which was best conformed to the characteristics of quality markers and supposed to be the antioxidant quality marker for Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus standard decoction.CONCLUSION This research predicts the potential antioxidant substances on the basis of content deter-mination by UPLC and in vitro antioxidant assay,but also provides rational foundation for quality assessment on other preparations of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus.

Objective:Obesity related glomerulopathy(ORG)is induced by obesity,but the pathogenesis remains unclear.This study aims to investigate the expression of early growth response protein 3(EGR3)in the renal cortex tissues of ORG patients and high-fat diet-induced obese mice,and to further explore the molecular mechanism of EGR3 in inhibiting palmitic acid(PA)induced human podocyte inflammatory damage. Methods:Renal cortex tissues were collected from ORG patients(n=6)who have been excluded from kidney damage caused by other diseases and confirmed by histopathology,and from obese mice induced by high-fat diet(n=10).Human and mouse podocytes were intervened with 150 μmol/L PA for 48 hours.EGR3 was overexpressed or silenced in human podocytes.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detcet the levels of interleukin-6(IL-6)and interleukin-1β(IL-1β).Real-time RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expressions of EGR3,podocytes molecular markers nephrosis 1(NPHS1),nephrosis 2(NPHS2),podocalyxin(PODXL),and podoplanin(PDPN).RNA-seq was performed to detect differentially expressed genes(DEGs)after human podocytes overexpressing EGR3 and treated with 150 μmol/L PA compared with the control group.Co-immunoprecipitation(Co-IP)combined with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS)was used to detect potential interacting proteins of EGR3 and the intersected with the RNA-seq results.Co-IP confirmed the interaction between EGR3 and protein arginine methyltransferases 1(PRMT1),after silencing EGR3 and PRMT1 inhibitor intervention,the secretion of IL-6 and IL-1β in PA-induced podocytes was detected.Western blotting was used to detect the expression of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(p-STAT3)after overexpression or silencing of EGR3. Results:EGR3 was significantly upregulated in renal cortex tissues of ORG patients and high-fat diet-induced obese mice(both P<0.01).In addition,after treating with 150 μmol/L PA for 48 hours,the expression of EGR3 in human and mouse podocytes was significantly upregulated(both P<0.05).Overexpression or silencing of EGR3 in human podocytes inhibited or promoted the secretion of IL-6 and IL-1β in the cell culture supernatant after PA intervention,respectively,and upregulated or downregulated the expression of NPHS1,PODXL,NPHS2,and PDPN(all P<0.05).RNA-seq showed a total of 988 DEGs,and Co-IP+LC-MS identified a total of 238 proteins that may interact with EGR3.Co-IP confirmed that PRMT1 was an interacting protein with EGR3.Furthermore,PRMT1 inhibitors could partially reduce PA-induced IL-6 and IL-1β secretion after EGR3 silencing in human podocytes(both P<0.05).Overexpression or silencing of EGR3 negatively regulated the expression of PRMT1 and p-STAT3. Conclusion:EGR3 may reduce ORG podocyte inflammatory damage by inhibiting the PRMT1/p-STAT3 pathway.

Chemical cleaning and disinfection are crucial steps for eliminating infection in root canal treatment.However,irrigant selection or irrigation procedures are far from clear.The vapor lock effect in the apical region has yet to be solved,impeding irrigation efficacy and resulting in residual infections and compromised treatment outcomes.Additionally,ambiguous clinical indications for root canal medication and non-standardized dressing protocols must be clarified.Inappropriate intracanal medication may present side effects and jeopardize the therapeutic outcomes.Indeed,clinicians have been aware of these concerns for years.Based on the current evidence of studies,this article reviews the properties of various irrigants and intracanal medicaments and elucidates their effectiveness and interactions.The evolution of different kinetic irrigation methods,their effects,limitations,the paradigm shift,current indications,and effective operational procedures regarding intracanal medication are also discussed.This expert consensus aims to establish the clinical operation guidelines for root canal irrigation and a position statement on intracanal medication,thus facilitating a better understanding of infection control,standardizing clinical practice,and ultimately improving the success of endodontic therapy.

Objective To investigate the medication and blood glucose control of type 2 diabetes patients under chronic diseases management in Xi'an chain pharmacies,and provides reference for improving the management policy of diabetes at grassroots level.Methods A number of chain pharmacies in the sixth district of Xi'an were selected by random sampling method,and on-site interviews were conducted by questionnaire survey to patients with type 2 diabetes under the management of chronic diseases.The basic information of patients,medication status(medication plan,drug adherence,etc.),diabetes-related conditions(blood glucose status,family history,course and complications,etc.)were collected.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the relevant factors of blood glucose control in patients.Results A total of 403 patients were surveyed,the largest number of patients use oral hypoglycemic drugs alone(53.4％),followed by insulin medication(including insulin only and insulin in combination with oral hypoglycemic drugs)(35.7％),and the differences between disease course and glycemic control among patients with different drug regimens were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Only 43.7％of patients had good medication compliance.In addition,the patient's fast plasma glucose compliance rate was only 39.2％.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that good medication compliance(OR=1.744,95％CI 1.104 to 2.754,P=0.017)were independent influencing factors for achieving glycemic control.Conclusion The medication compliance of type 2 diabetes patients with poor blood glucose control in chronic disease management of chain pharmacies in Xi'an needs to be strengthened.Pharmacies should emphasize and give full play to the professional and service advantages of pharmacists to realize the functional role of pharmacies and strengthen diabetes management.

ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of cognition and attitude towards hospice care among medical staff in Liaocheng，analyze the related influencing factors，and to provide reference for further development of hospice care services. MethodsUsing the method of convenient sampling，404 medical staff from all levels of hospitals in Liaocheng were selected as the research subjects from January to June 2022 to conduct a questionnaire survey on the cognition and attitude towards hospice care.Statistical methods were used to analyze the related influencing factors. ResultsThe knowledge score of hospice care among medical staff in Liaocheng was （13.02 ± 4.10），with an average score rate of 65.10%.The score of attitude was （38.67 ± 5.64），with an average score rate of 64.50%.Age （41~50 years old），having received education and training，treated or cared for patients in the middle and late stages，and understanding ethics and morality，as well as cultural customs were significantly positively correlated with knowledge scores.Age （> 50 years old），professional title （deputy senior professional title），position （medical treatment），and experience in treating or caring for patients in the middle and late stages were positively related to attitude scores. ConclusionThe cognition and attitude towards hospice care among medical staff in Liaocheng were at a moderate level.Strengthening the construction of a standardized hospice care system is helpful to improve the cognition and attitude level towards hospice care among medical staff.

Objective:To explore the effects of different polymers on in vitro biomimetic mineralization of small intestinal submucosa(SIS)scaffolds,and to evaluate the physicochemical properties and bio-compatibility of the SIS scaffolds.Methods:The SIS scaffolds prepared by freeze-drying method were im-mersed in simulated body fluid(SBF),mineralized liquid containing polyacrylic acid(PAA)and mine-ralized liquid containing PAA and polyaspartic acid(PASP).After two weeks in the mineralized solu-tion,the liquid was changed every other day.SBF@SIS,PAA@SIS,PAA/PASP@SIS scaffolds were ob-tained.The SIS scaffolds were used as control group to evaluate their physicochemical properties and bio-compatibility.We observed the bulk morphology of the scaffolds in each group,analyzed the microscopic morphology by environment scanning electron microscopy and determined the porosity and pore size.We also analyzed the surface elements by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX),analyzed the struc-ture of functional groups by Flourier transformed infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),detected the water ab-sorption rate by using specific gravity method,and evaluated the compression strength by universal me-chanical testing machine.The pro-cell proliferation effect of each group of scaffolds were evaluated by CCK-8 cell proliferation method.Results:Under scanning electron microscopy,the scaffolds of each group showed a three-dimensional porous structure with suitable pore size and porosity,and crystal was observed in all the mineralized scaffolds of each group,in which the crystal deposition of PAA/PASP@SIS scaffolds was more regular.At the same time,the collagen fibers could be seen to thicken.EDX analysis showed that the characteristic peaks of Ca and P were found in the three groups of mineralized scaffolds,and the highest peaks were found in the PAA/PASP@SIS scaffolds.FTIR analysis proved that all the three groups of mineralized scaffolds were able to combine hydroxyapatite with SIS.All the scaf-folds had good hydrophilicity.The compressive strength of the mineralized scaffold in the three groups was higher than that in the control group,and the best compressive strength was found in PAA/PASP@SIS scaffold.The scaffolds of all the groups could effectively adsorb proteins,and PAA/PASP@SIS group had the best adsorption capacity.In the CCK-8 cell proliferation experiment,the PAA/PASP@SIS scaffold showed the best ability to promote cell proliferation with the largest number of living cells observed.Con-clusion:Compared with other mineralized scaffolds,PAA/PASP@SIS scaffolds prepared by mineralized solution containing both PAA and PASP have better physicochemical properties and biocompatibility and have potential applications in bone tissue engineering.

The acupoint sensitization theory,a breakthrough in acupuncture and moxibustion over the past two decades,has greatly enhanced the understanding of meridians and acupoints while increasing the effectiveness of clinical diagnosis and treatment in acupuncture and moxibustion practices.The number of studies on surface sensitization site detection for different diseases is increasing.However,systematic sorting and a summary of the detection mode of surface sensitization points are lacking.Therefore,this study categorizes the method of surface sensitization point detection into two modes:pan-scanning and focused scanning.The classification is based on the characteristics of the openness of the research purpose,the precision of the target range,and the degree of variation during detection.The two modes have considerable differences in the exploration efficiency and the presentation of result.The pan-scanning mode can be further subdivided into holistic and localized pan-scanning modes,whereas the focused-scanning mode can be subdivided into fixed-and variable-focused scanning modes.This study analyzes the application scenarios,characteristics,advantages,and limitations of each detection mode and presents opinions on mode selection,mode innovation,and future development directions.This study aims to provide valuable insights and guidance for the follow-up research on surface sensitization site detection of various diseases.