Enteric nervous system abnormalities are the main cause of severe chronic constipation in children.These abnormalities are collectively known as intestinal dysganglionosis,including Hirschsprung's disease (HD),and Hirschsprung's disease allied disorders(HAD) such as immature ganglion,hypoganglionosis(HG) and intestinal neuronal dysplasia(IND).HD and HAD have similar clinical manifestations,and accurate diagnosis is challenging.In this paper,difficulties in diagnosis and treatment of HAD are introduced.

Objective: To investigate the proliferation of three subtypes of odontogenic keratocysts(OKC), namely simple(not recurrent),recurrent and basal cell naevus syndrome(BCNS) associated lesions. Methods: Ki 67 expression was studied in 34 odontogenic keratocysts(simple, n =10;recurrent, n =12;syndrome, n =12)by biotin streptavidin method using Ki 67 monoclonal antibody after microwave treatment. Ki 67 positive cells were counted manually and related to the area of epithelial lining as determined by computer image analyzer. Results: Ki 67 positive cells per mm 2 in simple odontogenic keratocysts ①, recurrent odontogenic keratocysts ② and BCNS ③ were 1 812.29?606.47, 2 393.88 ?997.08 and 3 983.17?858.92 respectively(① or ② vs ③ P 0.05). Conclusion: The basal cell naevus syndrome associated OKC has a higher rate of epithelial proliferation than non syndrome OKC, the increased epithelial proliferation is correlated with increased recurrence potential. Ki 67 may be an alternative method to differentiate syndrome and non syndrome OKC.

Objective: To screen the receiving solution used to study the transdermal absorption of strychnine in Jiufen spray. Methods: With recovery,Q-T equation and transdermal speed constant as the parameters, the improved Franz-cell and the skin of SD rats were used to screen the receiving solution from saline, saline-alcohol (7∶3,v∶v), pH phosphate buffer solution-alcohol (88∶2,v∶v), pH 7.4 phosphate buffer containing 25% alcohol. Results: The comparison of the inter-day and intra-day recoveries,Q-T equation and transdermal speed constant showed that saline-alcohol(7∶3) was the best for the study. Conclusion: It is indicated that saline-alcohol(7∶3) was the best receiving solution for the transdermal absorption study of Jiufen spray.

Objective To study whether sulphur fumigation can cause changes to the content of imperatorin in Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi).Methods The fresh samples of Angelicae Dahuricae Radix were collected from some cultivation bases. Half of each batch root was fumigated with sulfur according to the conventional method, and another half was cut into slices and dried naturally (i.e. without sulfur fumigation). The content of imperatorin was determined by HPLC on C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5μm) with a gradient mobile phase of acetonitrile-water solution system at the follow rate of 1.0 mL/min, 35℃ of the column temperature, and the max plot in 210-800 nm of the detective wavelength.ResultsTotally 29 batches of fresh roots ofAngelica dahurica were collected. The average contents of imperatorin were 0.202% in the Angelicae Dahuricae Radix with sulfur fumigation and 0.120% in the Angelicae Dahuricae Radix without sulfur fumigation. Compared with the corresponding samples without sulfur fumigation, the content of imperatorin in every Angelicae Dahuricae Radix with sulfur fumigation decreased by 6.77%-77.56% with an average decrease of 39.86%.Conclusion The content of imperatorin decreased significantly in every batch of Angelicae Dahuricae Radix with sulphur fumigation. It shows that the sulphur fumigation method was not suitable for producing and processing Angelicae Dahuricae Radix from fresh roots ofA. dahurica.

Objective To investigate and compare the clinical effects of 2-micron laser vaporization resection of prostate (2-micron laser) and versus transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) in this prospective random control study.Methods Sixty patients of BPH were randomly divided into two groups including the 2-micron laser group (n =30) and the TURP group (n =30).The perioperative markers and therapeutic results including duration of surgery,blood lose during surgery,improvement of symptoms after treatment,postoperative bladder washing time,the mean bladder irrigating time,hospital stay time,and recent complications were recorded and analyzed.Results The international prostate symptom score((6.6 ± 1.8) vs.(33.2 ±2.2),(5.7 ± 1.3) vs.(33.4 ±2.3) respectively),maximal urinary flow((20.6 ± 1.5) ml/s vs.(7.8 ± 4.3) m/s,(19.5 ± 1.7) ml/s vs.(8.3 ± 4.5) ml/s respectively),residual urine volume((22.3 ±4.7) ml vs.(57.2 ± 10.5) ml,(26.3 ±7.2) ml vs.(60.2 ± 14.5) ml respectively) were significantly improved in both groups after operation (P =0.005,0.008,0.036,0.001,0.005,0.013 respectively),but the differences between these two groups were not significant (P =0.16,0.49,0.97 respectively).The volume of hemorrhage ((20.9 ± 12.1) ml vs.(55.3 ± 27.8) ml),the mean bladder irrigating time ((1.0 ±0.5) d vs.(3.5 ±0.7) d),cathererization time ((3.2 ± 1.3) d vs.(6.0 ± 1.5) d),hospital stay time ((6.8 ±0.7) d vs.(10.6 ±0.6) d) were significantly less or shorter in the 2-micron laser group than in the TURP group (P =0.009,0.005,0.035,0.03 respectively).There was no significant difference in rates of complications between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The therapy of 2-micron laser is safer and more efficacious than TURP for BPH patients,with advantages of short surgery duration,little blood loss,and quick recovery.

nosis and treatment of EDO.

Objective To observe the changes of renal function in elderly patients with heart failure but normal ejection fraction,and explore its clinical significance. Methods A total of 145 cases diagnosed as coronary artery disease from Department of Geriatric Cardiology in The First Affili?ated Hospital of China Medical University were enrolled in the study. All of the cases were divided into HFPEF group(65 cases)and non HFPEF group(80 cases). All patients underwent cardiac ultrasound,BNP and renal function examination,and the glomerular filtration rate(GFR)was cal?culated. Results The average age of patients in HFPEF group was significantly higher than non HFPEF group(P<0.001),and the incidence of hypertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease,atrial fibrillation,or concomitant incidence of two or more kinds of these disease in HFPEF group was significantly higher than non HFPEF group(P1=0.046,P2<0.001,P3=0.002,P4=0.021,P5<0.001);the GFR of two groups of patients were lower than normal level,but the GFR of HFPEF group was significantly lower than non HFPEF group(P=0.046);E/Em was significantly higher (P<0.001),Em was significantly lower(P=0.002),left atrial diameter was significantly higher(P<0.001),LVEF was significantly lower(P=0.012),BNP values were significantly higher(P=0.001)in HFPEF group than in the non?HFPEF group;There were significant linear correlation between GFR and E/Em(r=-0.428,P=0.001),GFR and the BNP(r=-0.435,P=0.001),E/Em and BNP(r=0.392,P=0.002)in HFPEF group. Conclusion Elderly patients with heart failure but normal ejection fraction were older,and more of them were complicated with hyperten?sion,diabetes,coronary heart disease,atrial fibrillation,or concurrency of these diseases. Glomerular filtration rate was significantly decreased in el?derly patients with HFPEF,which has a significant correlation with diastolic function parameters.

Objective To investigate an optimum extracting technology for total glycosides from dried barks of Ilex rotunda Thunb. Methods The yields of pedunculoside and syringin by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) determination were taken as the indexes. Some parameters of the extraction technology were evaluated with an L9(3)4 orthogonal design. The optimum extraction parameters were used to extract total glycosides in laboratory. The feasibility was checked by determining the chemical constituents by means of HPLC method. Results The optimum extracting conditions were 12 times volumes of 50% ethanol as the solvent and refluxing 90 min each time for 3 times. An extract yield of total glycosides was 19.5% from barks of Ilex rotunda. Pedunculoside (292 mg/g), syringin (59.5 mg/g), sinapaldehyde glucoside, syringaresinol 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and syringaresinol 4',4'-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside were detected in the extract. Conclusion Some glycosides were found in the extract with the optimum extraction technology in laboratory. The extraction technology is practicable and valid.

Objective To observe the effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on cholesterol gallstones formation in C57BL/6 mice with diet-induced cholesterol gallstone,and then explore the potential mechanism.Methods Fifty C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (10 mice in each group),referring to control group,experimental group,experimental plus DHA group,experimental plus EPA group,as well as experimental plus DHA and EPA group.The mice in control group were fed with regular diet,and the rest of the mice with lithogenic diet (LD).Subsequent to feeding the mice with separate diets for two weeks,EPA and/or DHA (70 mg · kg-1 · d-1) were orally administered for eight weeks,while the LD feeding was continued during this period.After a total of 10 weeks,the mice were dissected to observe the gallstone formation.The levels of serum lipids,total cholesterol (TC) and phospholipids (PL) in bile,and TC in the liver were tested,and the protein expression of HMGCR,SRBI,ABCG5/ABCG8,CYP7A1 and ABCB11genes in the liver of mice was measured.Results Compared with the experimental group,the experimental plus EPA group had significantly lower TC in liver (0.033 ±0.008 mmolo/g) and bile (1.807 ±0.381 mmolo/L),and lower relative protein expression levels of HMGCR (0.545±0.098),ABCG5 (0.418±0.089) and ABCG8 (0.501 ±0.151)in liver (P＜ 0.05).The contents of TC in liver and bile,and the protein expression of HMGCR,ABCG5andABCG8 in liver were 0.048 ± 0.006 mmol/g and 2.662 ± 0.339 mmolo/L,and 1.011 ± 0.213,1.037 ± 0.276 and 1.266 ±0.312,respectively.No significant differences were observed between experimental plus DHA group and experimental group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions EPA could prevent the cholesterol gallstone formation in mice by decreasing the expression of HMGCR and ABCG5/8 genes in liver,therefore reducing cholesterol synthesis and blocking cholesterol transport from liver to bile as well as diminishing cholesterol content in the bile.However,the inhibition effect of DHA on cholesterol gallstone formation was not obvious.

The threat of cancer to human being' s health is definite.In order to find more effective cures,experts has always taking the mechanism of tumorigenesis as a research foucus and hot spot.As everyone knows,the basic biological behaviors of malignant cells have changed a lot,such as cell proliferation,apoptosis,and so on,and the causes are related to the aberrant methylation reaction occurred in these cells.Researchers have found out that DNA methylation in tumor tissues were obviously different from that in normal tissues,with the charateristics of extensive hypomethylation and localized hypermethylation.To identify the effect of abnormal methylation reaction in the evolution and progression of tumor,this article is aiming to overview those previously researches about the abnormal methylation reaction in tumor cell and its effect on cell growth.