Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant hematological disorder caused by the abnormal proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells. Traditional high-throughput cell sequencing reflects the heterogeneity of cell population, while it ignores the genetic information in single-cell. The development of single-cell sequencing has enabled the access to cell-to-cell variation in tumor and microenvironment of bone marrow, providing a deep understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of MM and guidance for clinical treatment. This paper reviews the latest progress of single-cell sequencing and its application in disease pathogenesis, monitoring of disease progression, immunotherapy and therapeutic responses of MM.

Objective:To study the action mechanism of Rukang oral liquid in rats with hyperplasia of mammary glands. Meth-ods:The rats were randomly divided into six groups:the normal group, the model group, tamoxifen group, low, medium and high dose of Rukang oral liquid groups. The model of hyperplasia of mammary glands was induced by estradiol benzoate injection and progester-one injection. After the administration, ELISA was used to detect the serum concentrations of ER, PR, P53 and Oct4, Western blot was used to detect the expression of ER, PR, P53 and Oct4 in breast tissue, a fluorescence quantitative PCR method was used to de-tect the expression of GnRH, GnRHR, and the expression of telomerase in breast tissue was detected by in situ hybridization. Results:Rukang oral liquid could reduce the expression of ER and PR in serum and breast tissue(P<0. 01), reduce the expression of P53, te-lomerase and Oct4(P<0. 01), and decrease the expression of GnRH in hypothalamus and pituitary, which could reverse the hyperpla-sia of mammary glands and played the role effectively(P<0. 01). Conclusion: Rukang oral Liquid can reduce the expression of ER and PR in serum and breast tissue, and decrease the expression of GnRH in hypothalamus and pituitary to play the role in the treatment of hyperplasia of mammary glands. Rukang oral Liquid may prevent breast hyperplasia from developing into breast cancer through re-ducing the expression of three related markers P53, telomerase and Oct4.

Objective: To explore the possible relationships of adolescent personality traits, personality deviation and parental rearing pattern. Methods: 393 students from a high school in ShanDong were tested by PACL and EMBU. Re- sults: Generally, adolescent personality traits showed different profiles while factors of EMBU varied in different levels; Antisocial personality deviation was greatly influenced by parental warmth and understanding factor, father's punishment and rigor, father's overprotection. Schizoid personality deviation was mainly influenced by parental warmth and under- standing. Passive- aggressive personality dysfunction was influenced by father's warmth and understanding. Conclusion: Adolescent personality deviation is greatly influenced by parental rearing.

The 53rd ASH meeting was held in San Diego in December 2011. The meeting has received many advanced reports on the diagnosis and treatment of multiple myeloma (MM).On therapy,with the application of thalidomide, lenalidomide and bortezomib as inductive treatments, the clinical outcomeshave been improved greatly in MM patients.Pomalidomide,a new immunomodulator,can be hopefully used as a frontline medicine for MM because of its high response. Bendamustine combination with other treatments induced efficient response and good response rates in MM patients with renal insufficiency or relapsed/refactory disease. Currently autologous stem cell transplantation is still the standard care for newly diagnosed young MM patients.At this time other kinds of novel agents have entered into clinical trials and have shown a bright future of application.

Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs)and anti-angio-genic drugs have individually demonstrated clinical benefit in the treatment of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Recent studies demonstrate that the combination of anti-EGFR and anti-angiogene-sis can more significantly enhance clinical benefit,and even can remit EGFR-TKIs resistance in the treatment of advanced NSCLC.According to the different kinds of anti-angiogenesis drugs,recent clinical studies mainly include the combination of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor monoclonal antibody bevacizumab plus EGFR-TKIs and multi-targeted receptor anti-angiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitor plus EGFR-TKIs,and the for-mer results show a more significant improvement in terms of safety and efficacy in the treatment of advanced NSCLC.Therefore,the combination of bevacizumab plus EGFR-TKIs can be used as a new treatment standard in the treatment of some patients with NSCLC.

Objective To observe the influence of Fuzheng Chuyi Granules on the mice infected with influenza virus and to observe its antibiotic and antivirus actions in vitro.Methods The death rate of mice infected with influenza virus in each group was compared and antimicrobial activity of Fuzheng Chuyi Granules was observed in vitro.Hep-2 passage cells were subcultured to observe the protective effect of the maximal non-toxic dosage(TD0),the infective dose of 50% tissue culture(TCID50) and other different dosage of Fuzheng Chuyi Granules on cells infected virus.Results Compared with that in negative control group,the death rate of infected mice was lower in Fuzheng Chuyi Granules groups.Fuzheng Chuyi Granules had antibiotic action on bacteria in vitro,particularly on streptococcus pneumoniae.Meanwhile,Fuzheng Chuyi Granules could alleviate cytopathy induced by virus.Conclusion Fuzheng Chuyi Granules have a certain protective effect on the animal infected with virus,and also have antibiotic and antivirus actions.

B-Raf kinase (BRAF) gene is a driver mutation,and is an effective target in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Studies have shown that BRAF inhibitors are effective for treatment of NSCLC with BRAF mutant.It is important to understand the clinicopathologic features and the research progress of BRAF inhibitors for the individual treatment of NSCLC.

Low-power laser irradiation has an excellent effect when applied clinically. But existing laser apparatuses have many disadvantages such as inconvenience. So, this paper develops an intelligent semi-conductor laser therapeutic apparatus and introduces its hardware structure and software design as well as its test and clinical application.

The mutation of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene leads to an autosomal recessive genetic disorder cystic fibrosis (CF). The gene therapy for CF using adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors delivering CFTR gene is restricted by the contents limitation of AAV vectors. In this study the split CFTR genes severed at its regulatory domain were delivered by a dual-vector system with an intein-mediated protein trans-splicing as a technique to investigate the post-translational ligation of CFTR half proteins and its function as a chloride ion channel. A pair of eukaryotic expression vectors was constructed by breaking the human CFTR cDNA before Ser712 codon and fusing with Ssp DnaB intein coding sequences. After co-transfection into baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells followed by transient expression, patch clamps were carried out to record the chloride current of whole-cell and the activity of a single channel, and the ligation of two halves of CFTR was observed by Western blotting. The results showed that the intein-fused half genes co-transfected cells displayed a high whole cell chloride current and activity of a single channel indicating the functional recovery of chloride channel, and an intact CFTR protein band was figured out by CFTR-specific antibodies indicating that intein can efficiently ligate the separately expressed half CFTR proteins. The data demonstrated that protein splicing strategy could be used as a strategy in delivering CFTR gene by two vectors, encouraging our ongoing research program on dual AAV vector system based gene transfer in gene therapy for cystic fibrosis.

To investigate the improving effect of inter-chain disulfide formation on protein trans-splicing, we introduce a Cys point mutation at Tyr(664) in heavy chain and at Thr(1826) in light chain of B-domain-deleted FVIII (BDD-FVIII). By co-transfection of COS-7 cell with the two Cys mutated chain genes, the intracellular protein splicing, inter-chain disulfide formation, secreted BDD-FVIII and bioactivity in culture supernatant were observed. The data showed that a strengthened spliced BDD-FVIII with an inter-chain disulfide detected by Western blotting and an elevated secretion of spliced BDD-FVIII (128 +/- 24 ng mL(-1)) compared to control (89 +/- 15 ng mL(-1)), assayed by a sandwich ELISA. A Coatest was performed to assay the secretion of bioactivity in culture supernatant and shown a much higher value (0.94 +/- 0.08 u mL(-1)) compared to that of control (0.62 +/- 0.15 u mL(-1)). It suggests that inter-chain disulfide formation could improve protein trans-splicing based dual-vector delivery of BDD-FVIII gene providing experimental evidence for ongoing in vivo study.