Neurofibromas are benign nerve sheath tumors that arise from the nonmyelinating Schwann cells. Generally, neurofibromas can be categorized into dermal and plexiform subtypes. The former subtype is usually associated with a lone peripheral nerve in the integumentary system, while plexiform tumors are associated with many nerve bundles and can originate internally. Rarely, the plexiform tumors can undergo malignant transformation. Neurofibromas are usually found in individuals with neurofibromatosis, which is an autosomal dominant disease. On occasion, an isolated neurofibroma can transpire without being associated with neurofibromatosis. Mostly, these solitary tumors tend to occur in the gastrointestinal system, and neurofibromas of the head and neck are not uncommon, but very rarely they have been reported to occur in the temporal fossa. In this report, we describe a case of a solitary neurofibroma arising from the temporal fossa.
Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neurofibroma ; Skull Base Neoplasms

Objective To survey the parents′satisfaction of clinical decision who have children with end-staged liver diseases. Methods The Questionnaire of Satisfaction of Clinical Decision was used as the instrument. Results The parents′satisfaction score 3 months after the surgery was (71.2 ±3.5) points, while 1 year after the surgery was (68.3±4.4) points, and the difference between them was not statistically, P value was more than 0.05. Besides, the satisfaction showed significant difference on the factors of education and monthly income. F values were 5.258 and 6.328, and P values were both less than 0.05. The stronger the education background was, the higher the satisfaction was. And so the monthly income was. Conclusions The parents have higher satisfaction of clinical decision, and the education and monthly income are the factors affecting the satisfaction.

[ABSTRACT]AIM:Toinvestigatetheeffectofover-expressionofsmall-conductancecalcium-activatedpotassium channel subtype 2 (SK2) in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of hypothalamus on heart rate(HR), mean arterial pres-sure (MAP) and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) of the rats with chronic heart failure (CHF).METHODS:Adenovirus vector encoding SK2 (pDC316-mCMV-EGFP-rKCNN2) was constructed.The CHF model of the male Sprague Dawley ( SD) rats was established by the ligation of anterior descending coronary artery .Echocardiogram was used at the 6th week after the operation to identify the CHF model .Adenovirus vector encoding SK 2 ( pDC316-mCMV-EGFP-rKCNN2) or control adenovirus vector ( pDC316-mCMV-EGFP) were transfected into the PVN in vivo.The cardiac func-tion was monitored by echocardiogram .The expression of SK2 at mRNA and protein levels was determined by RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunofluorescence .The HR, MAP and RSNA were measured by PowerLab 8/30 in anesthetized rats with bilateral PVN microinjection of SK channel blocker apamin .RESULTS:Treatment with pDC316-mCMV-EGFP-rKC-NN2 significantly decreased the renal sympathetic nerve activity in the rat with CHF .Injection of pDC316-mCMV-EGFP did not change the renal sympathetic nerve activity in the rats in sham group .CONCLUSION:The expression and func-tion of SK channels in PVN in the heart failure rats were decreased , suggesting a reduced negative regulation of sympathetic activity in central neural system .Increased expression of SK 2 in the PVN leads to a reduction in sympathetic outflow under the condition of CHF , which may provide a new target for the treatment of heart failure .

Objective To detect all methods of localization in the insulinomas,and promote the rate of localization in insulinomas.Methods Between April 1990 and April 1999,28 patients of insulinomas that confirmed by operation and pathology.US,CT,MRI and DSA were used for preoperative diagnosis,IOUS,PVS and touching were used for intraoperative diagnosis,and analyzed the results of operation.Results The rates of localization were 28.6% with US,32.2% with CT,41.7% with MRI,50.0% with DSA,82.1% with touching,and 92.3% with IOUS and PVS.The rates of preoperative were higher than that intraoperative.Conclusion The rates of localization were so lower in preoperative diagnosis that did not be detected repeatedly,but intraoperative diagnosis was very vital.IOUS not only to promote the localizative sensitivity,but also to discrease the rates of operative complication.

BACKGROUND: These serial processes for forming male gametes are basically controlled by the programmed expression of a number of stage-specific genes. However, many aspects of the mechanisms of spermatogenesis have remained elusive because of a lack of suitable in vitro or in vivo models.OBJECTIVE: To screen genes involved in spermatogenesis, and to analyze its expression characteristics. METHODS: Testes cDNA samples from Balb/C mice of different postnatal days (4,9,18,35, 54 days and 6 months, respectively) were hybridized with mouse whole genome Affymetrix chip to screen the testis-ralated genes. The characteristics of the selected genes were analyzed by various bioinformatics tools. RT-PCR was used here to identify the expression of the selected genes in mice testis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The Affymetrix chip probe of mouse Tpap was graduated higher expression with developmental stages of mouse testis. The scaling hybridization signal intensities of the tested testis on days 4, 9,18, 35, 54, and 6 months of postnatal were 4.4 (Absent expression, A), 12.9 (A), 262.4 (Present expression, P), 1136.7 (P), 1617.5 (P) and 1128 (P),respectively. These results indicated that the expression of mouse Tpap wasn't detected on days 4 and 9, but was detected on days 18, 35, 54, and 6 months of mouse testis in our Affymetrix chip analysis. By combination with the RT-PCR analysis of mouse Tpap, we observed mouse Tpap began to express at the age of day 18 in mouse. Tpap is an age-dependent gene in mouse testis.The expression of Tpap corresponds to the appearance of spermatids of mice and indicates that Tpap may have an important role in male mammalian spermatogenesis.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the drug resistance of clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae and molecular epidemiology with BOX-PCR in Nanchang. METHODS Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by the Etest methods or K-B disk diffusion test. Twenty-nine Penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae(PRSP) clinical isolates were molecularly typed by BOX-PCR to detect the clonal relationship of them. RESULTS 85.7% were resistant to erythromycin,57.1% were PRSP. The resistant rates to tetracycline,clindamycin,trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and chloramphenicol were 88.1%,79.8%,60.7%,and 28.6%. Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid,levofloxacin and ceftriaxone retained activity against most of the isolates. All of strains were susceptible to vancomycin. Twenty-nine S. pneumoniae strains were divided into 14 distinct types,and 19 subtypes with subtype A (n=4) as the predominant type. CONCLUSIONS The resistance rate of S. pneumoniae to penicillin is very high,BOX-PCR typing demonstrats a high discriminatory potential and easy to be accurately analyzed.

OBJECTIVESTo assess the value of non-invasive medical imaging for diagnosis of carotid artery stenosis and to study the relationship between carotid stenosis and brain infarction.

METHODSThirty-one patients with a total of 62 carotid arteries were studied using Doppler ultrasound (DUS) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). Eleven of the 31 patients were studied using CT angiography (CTA). CT and MRI of the brain were also done in all patients. The imaging results in 5 patients were compared with those of digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Eight patients with severe stenosis received carotid endarterectomy. The comparisons between the imaging results and pathological data were conducted in 2 patients.

RESULTSOf the 62 carotid arteries, mild stenosis was seen in 11, moderate in 14, severe in 21, obstructed in 4 and normal in 12. In 25 patients with severe stenosis or occlusion of carotid arteries, there were a total of 35 focal or multifocal infarcts on the ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere, and 15 infarcts on the contrary side. Compared with the results of the operations, DUS correctly diagnosed 6 stenoses, while MRA identified 7 correctly and CTA 8. Agreement on location of stenosis as performed by endarterectomy, DUS, MRA and CTA occurred in all patients. Histologically, areas of calcification and fibrousness were related to high densities on CTA, strong echoes on DUS, and low signal intensities on MRA. Relatively large amounts of necrotic material and foam cells filled with lipolytic materials on the intimal surface of arteries were observed during pathologically, corresponding to low and iso-densities on CTA, low echoes on DUS, and inhomogeneous signal intensities on MRA.

CONCLUSIONSA strong link exists between carotid stenosis and brain infarction. The combined use of DUS, MRA and CTA can improve diagnostic accuracy for the assessment of carotid artery stenosis, as well as assist in ascertaining the nature of the plaque.

Adult ; Aged ; Carotid Stenosis ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Cerebral Infarction ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography, Doppler

Even though mutations in LMNA have been reported in patients with typical dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and atrioventricular block (AVB) previously, the purpose of this study was to disclose this novel genetic abnormality in one Chinese family with the atypical phenotype of progressive AVB followed by DCM with normal QRS interval. Genome-wide linkage analysis mapped the AVB gene in this family to a marker at chromosome 1q21.2, where the LMNA gene was located. Direct DNA sequence analysis revealed a heterozygous G to A transition at nucleotide 244 in exon 1 of LMNA, which resulted in an E82K mutation. The E82K mutation co-segregated with all affected individuals in the family, and was not present in 200 normal controls. Further clinical evaluation of mutation carriers showed that 5 of 6 AVB patients exhibited mild DCM with a late onset of age in the fourth and fifth decades. Ejection fractions were documented in 5 patients with DCM, but 4 showed a normal value of [Symbol: see text]50%. Echocardiography showed that atrial dilatation occurred earlier than ventricular dilatation in the patients. This study suggests that progressive AVB with normal QRS interval and accompanying DCM at later stages may represent a distinct type of DCM. The molecular mechanism by which the E82K mutation causes AVB as the prominent phenotype in DCM may be a focus of future studies.

Objective: To design the aesthetic new gonion and osteotomy line for patients with prominent mandibular angle patients using computer-aided techniques, and to investigate the application of three-dimensional digital planning in gonioplasty. Methods: From April 2016 to April 2017, 14 female patients with prominent mandibular angle underwent preoperative surgical design and surgical simulation using digital technology. Gonioplasty was performed under the guide of surgical templates, preoperative, surgical simulation and postoperative data were measured including bilateral mandibular angles, the height of ramus(Co-Go) and the length of mandibular body(Go-Me). Paired t test was used to compare the differences between surgical simulation and postoperative measurements. Results: Gonioplasty was performed in 14 patients successfully, and all were satisfied with their facial outcomes. The mandibular angle was improved from 113.86°±4.11° to 124.52°±1.26° on the left side, and 114.30°±4.01° to 124.29°±1.24° on the right side respectively. The average ratio of Go-Me/Co-Go was 2.011 on both sides after operation, which was very close to surgical planning. No significant differences were found between surgical planning and postoperative measurements with respect to mandibular angle or the ratio of Go-Me/Co-Go on both sides(P>0.05). The deviations between them were 1.00°±0.68° and 0.058±0.038 on the left side, and 0.85°±0.63° and 0.072±0.053 on the right side respectively. Conclusions Computer-assisted gonioplasty could improve the efficiency and accuracy of surgery, reduce the risk of surgical complications, and attain higher patients′ satisfaction.

Objective To aesthetically evaluate the mandible,to position the gonion landmark of the aesthetic female with digital techniques and to establish three-dimensional mandibular measurements database of the aesthetic female.Methods 14 aesthetic volunteers were chosen by plastic surgeons and ordinary people based on the identical view of esthetic mandible.The heads were scanned by a spiral CT scanner,and the data were imported into Mimics 18.0 to generate the 3D skull images.Distance,angle and ratio measurements,which could represented the aesthetic characters of the mandible,were made on the images.All the data were transferred into the SPSS 22.0 software to perform statistical analysis.A two-tailed t test was used to compare the symmetry of bilateral mandibles.Dynamic database of aesthetic mandibles was established.The mean,standard deviation,standard error and 95％ confidence interval of data were calculated by statistical software automatically.Results The results suggested that the mean of aesthetic mandibular angle was 123.91°,and the mean of mandibular plane angle was 27.03°.The ratio between the mandibular body and ramus approximated to 2 ∶ 1,and the ratio of the distance between gonion and mental foramen to ramus was close to 1.4.Conclusions The study of mandibular esthetics contributes to positioning the new gonion accurately for patients with prominent mandibular angle and gonion reconstruction,and it can assist surgeons in surgical designing,simulating and performing.