1.Application of Mechanical Horseback Riding in Rehabilitation (review)
Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice 2016;22(12):1412-1415
This review introduced the application of hippotherapy, as a method of rehabilitation, in the field of children's rehabilitation, the neurological skeletal muscle diseases (stroke, brain traumatic, etc.) and the elderly population. In addition, the neuromuscular activation principle, the core strength principle, and the sensory integration principle were discussed. In order to increase its popularity in the field of rehabilitation, it should combine man-machine interaction with modern physical rehabilitation technology.
2.Investigation of avian diseases eradication in parent breeding flocks in China in 2015
Xue HAN ; Qian ZHANG ; Xiaoxue GU ; Yuliang LIU ; Yang LIU ; Yiming BI ; Xinyan ZHAI ; Chuanbin WANG
Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science 2017;37(8):1490-1494
In order to understand the management measures,technique abilities and difficulties in controlling and eradicating avian diseases in parent breeding flocks,the current situation of avian disease eradication in breeding flocks was investigated by China Animal Disease Control Centre in 19 provinces in July 2015.Questionnaires investigation was conducted and the feedbacks were received from 214 parent breeding flocks.This study summarized and analyzed the information of farm management,breeding resources,avian disease surveillance and disease eradication in these flocks,which will provide the basic data to promote the avian diseases control and eradication in China.
3.Ankle stretching can improve stroke survivors′ ankle biomechanics, balance, walking and ability in the activities of daily living
Xiaoxue ZHAI ; Yu PAN ; Qiong WU ; Xin LI ; Quan XU ; Fei YANG ; Yutong FENG ; Lichun ZHANG ; Senchao FAN
Chinese Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2021;43(1):25-29
Objective:To observe the effect of ankle stretching on ankle biomechanics, balance, walking ability and ability in the activities of daily living among stroke survivors.Methods:Eighteen hemiplegic stroke survivors were randomly divided into an experimental group ( n=9) and a control group ( n=9). In addition to routine medication and rehabilitation training, the experimental group received 20 minutes of ankle joint stretching daily while the control group underwent an additional twenty minutes of routine rehabilitation training. Before and after the treatment, both groups′ ankle joint stiffness (K), muscle strength, active range of motion (AROM) and passive range of motion (PROM) were evaluated. They were also assessed using the modified Ashworth scale (MAS), the Fugl-Meyer lower extremity assessment (FMA-LE), the Berg balance scale (BBS), the 6-minute walking test (6MWT) and the modified Barthel Index (MBI). Results:After two weeks of treatment significant improvement was observed in the AROM and muscle strength of both groups in dorsiflexion and plantarflexion. The average BBS and FMA-LE scores of both groups had also improved significantly. Significant improvement in the average PROM of plantarflexion and the K of dorsiflexion, as well as in average MBI score was observed only in the treatment group. After two weeks the treatment group′s average muscle strength in plantarflexion and dorsiflexion was significantly better than the control group′s.Conclusions:Stretching can reduce ankle stiffness, improve the range of motion, muscle strength, and ability of in the activities of daily living after a stroke.
4.Functional connectivity among insula, sensory and social brain regions in boys with autism spectrum disorder
LI Xiaoxue, ZHAI Jinhe, HAO Haiying, XU Zihan, CAO Xuan, XIA Wei, WANG Jia
Chinese Journal of School Health 2023;44(3):335-338
Objective:
To identify the functional connectivity characteristics of insula, sensory and social related brain regions in boys with autism spectrum disorder(ASD), to explore the central nervous basis of sensory abnormality affecting core symptoms in boys with ASD.
Methods:
Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs fMRI) data were collected from 34 boys with ASD and 29 typical development boys (TD group). Based on functional connectivity analysis, the sensory related brain regions, insula, and social related brain regions were taken as regions of interest to calculate the functional connectivity (FC) level between the regions of interest, the differences between the two groups were compared and the results were corrected by FDR. The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and Autism Spectrum Quotient-Children s Version (AQ-Child) were used to assess the core phenotypes of boys with ASD.
Results:
Compared with the TD group, the levels of FC between tactile brain regions and insula, olfactory brain regions and insula, auditory brain regions and insula in boys with ASD group were significantly increased. The level of FC between the insula and bilateral amygdala,insula and the medial prefrontal cortex(mPFC) were significantly increased( P <0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the level of FC between auditory brain region(BA42)and left insula in ASD group was negatively correlated with the scores of communication subscale of ADOS( r =-0.44),social interaction subscale of ADOS( r =-0.43), communication & social interaction subscale of ADOS( r =-0.49),attention to details subscale of AQ-Child( r =-0.41). The level of FC between the right insula and right amygdala was positively correlated with the attention switch subscale of AQ-Child( r =0.38), the level of FC between right insula and mPFC was positively correlated with the scores of repetitive behavior subscale of ADOS( r =0.48), the attention switch subscale of AQ-Child( r =0.49), total scale subscale of AQ-Child( r =0.41), total scale of CARS( r =0.41)( P < 0.05 ).
Conclusion
The levels of FC between insula and sensory related, social related brain regions are abnormal in children with ASD, which have significant correlations with clinical symptoms. In depth studies can be conducted to explore underlying neutral mechanisms.
5.Research progress on the pathological and clinical features of lung adenocarcinoma with a micropapillary pattern
Xiaoxue ZHAI ; Lu BAI ; Delida KULABIEKE ; Jun QIAN
Tumor 2023;43(2):132-142
In 2011,the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer(IASLC),American Thoracic Society(ATS)and European Respiratory Society(ERS)simultaneously defined micropapillary pattern(MPP)-based lung adenocarcinoma as an independent pathological type:micropapillary-predominant adenocarcinoma(MPA).Its histological and clinical specificities have attracted broad attention from researchers.Lung adenocarcinoma with a micropapillary pattern(MPPAC)often shows biological behaviors indicative of poor prognosis,including strong invasion,high metastasis rate and easy recurrence after surgical treatment.At present,the clinical diagnosis of MPPAC depends on postoperative pathological examination,but systematic studies on its pathological heterogeneity,molecular biological characteristics,clinical features and prognosis remains scarce.This review aims to focus on the research progress of the pathological and clinical features of MPPAC.
6.Connectivity between visual brain regions and whole brain among children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder
WANG Xiaomin, ZHAI Jinhe, REN Xiyun, XIA Wei, ZHANG Bishan, LI Yutong, LI Xiaoxue, WANG Jia
Chinese Journal of School Health 2021;42(2):253-256
Objective:
To explore the functional connectivity between the visual brain regions and whole brain in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) at resting state, and to further analyze the correlation with their clinical manifestations.
Methods:
The functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data of 34 boys with ASD enrolled from ASD designated rehabilitation institutions and 29 healthy boys enrolled from several kindergartens in Heilongjiang were collected. Based on the resting-state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fc MRI) analysis, the BA17 of the primary visual brain region and the BA18/19 of the higher visual brain region were taken as the regions of interest (ROI) to calculate the functional connectivity level between the visual brain regions and whole brain, and the differences between the two groups were compared. Multiple developmental scales were used to evaluate the behavior of ASD children, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between functional connection strength and autistic behavior.
Results:
The ASD group had decreased positive connectivity between BA17 and the right fusiform gyrus (FFG), and was negatively correlated with social interaction of ADI-R and the total scores of CARS (r=-0.41, -0.48, P<0.05); ASD group had decreased positive connectivity between BA17 and the left FFG, there was a negative correlation with social motivation of SRS (r=-0.43, P<0.05); ASD group had decreased positive connectivity between BA17 and the left posterior cingulate gyrus (PCG). Children with ASD had decreased positive connectivity between BA18/19 and left calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex (CAL), which was positively correlated with attention conversion of AQ, total scores of CARS (r=0.43, 0.40, P<0.05), and the children with ASD had deceased positive connectivity between BA18/19 and right precuneus (PCUN).
Conclusion
In resting state, the functional connectivity of primary and higher visual brain regions and whole brain of ASD children is different from that in healthy children, and there is a significant correlation between abnormal level and autistic behaviors.
7.Autism spectrum disorder s sensory characteristics and its correlation with core phenotype
ZHAI Jinhe, LI Xiaoxue, XU Zihan, HAO Haiying, XIA Wei, FAN Lili, TENG Wanmeng, WANG Jia
Chinese Journal of School Health 2023;44(3):339-343
Objective:
To explore the differences of sensory manifestations between ASD children and typical development children, and to clarify the characteristics of sensory abnormalities in ASD and their relationship with various clinical symptoms, so as to provide scientific basis for early identification and specific intervention.
Methods:
A total of 265 ASD children who received rehabilitation training in autism rehabilitation institutions in Heilongjiang Province were collected as the case group, and 223 typical development children in ordinary kindergartens and schools in Harbin were taken as the control group. Short Sensory Profile (SSP) was used to evaluate the difference of children s sensory perception level between the two groups, and Social Response Scale (SRS) and Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) were used to evaluate the severity of symptoms including social disorder of autistic children. The correlation between SSP scores in ASD group and clinical scales was analyzed.
Results:
The comparison of SSP scores between the two groups found that the median scores of all sensory dimensions in ASD group (tactile=33, taste/smell=18, motion sensitivity=13, Low response/sensation seeking=28, auditory filtering=19, low strength=22, visual/auditory=20) were lower than those of the healthy control group( Z =-2.73,-4.36,-3.17,-5.09,-11.00,-10.45,-3.43, P <0.05). The abnormal rate of multisensory score in children in ASD group was 55.1%, and that in control group was 21.2%, with significant difference( χ 2=57.15, P <0.05). Correlation analysis showed that SSP score in ASD group was negatively correlated with all dimensions of SRS, nonverbal communication, and social function of ADI-R scale, ADOS communication and social interaction, and total scores of ABC and CARS( P < 0.05 ).
Conclusion
Children with ASD have atypical sensory experiences, especially in auditory filtering dimension, and the level of atypical sensation is related to the severity of clinical symptoms of autism. In the future clinical diagnosis, treatment and research, it is necessary to strengthen the ability to recognize the sensory symptoms of children with ASD, so as to realize the early diagnosis and intervention.
8.Research Progress of Music Therapy for Patients with Disorders of Consciousness after Brain Injury (review)
Xiaonian ZHANG ; Xiaoying ZHANG ; Yup ZHANG ; Xiaoxue ZHAI ; Qunhui YIN ; Hao ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice 2018;24(7):812-814
The recovery of disorders of consciousness after brain injury is very difficult, music therapy is one of the important ways to promote the awakening. The effects of music therapy are various among individuals, the vegetative state and the minimally conscious state, and the pieces of music. The default mode network is one of the most important networks to maintain awareness, which many other networks participate in. The brain regions affected by music involve in many networks, including hearing, cognition, emotion, and so on.