In order to understand the management measures,technique abilities and difficulties in controlling and eradicating avian diseases in parent breeding flocks,the current situation of avian disease eradication in breeding flocks was investigated by China Animal Disease Control Centre in 19 provinces in July 2015.Questionnaires investigation was conducted and the feedbacks were received from 214 parent breeding flocks.This study summarized and analyzed the information of farm management,breeding resources,avian disease surveillance and disease eradication in these flocks,which will provide the basic data to promote the avian diseases control and eradication in China.

Objective:To explore any effect of supplementing low-frequency repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) with intermittent resistance training on muscle tone and the recovery of motor function among persons with Parkinson′s disease (PD).Methods:A total of 104 PD patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, each of 52. Both groups were treated with conventional drugs and low-frequency rTMS, while the observation group was additionally provided with intermittent resistance training for 8 weeks. Before and after the intervention, the motor functioning of both groups was evaluated using unified Parkinson′s disease rating scale-III (UPDRS-III) and the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Limb muscle tension was quantified using the modified Ashworth scale (MAS). The subjects′ psychological states were quantified using the exercise self-efficacy scale (ESE), and the modified Barthel index (MBI) was applied to evaluate their ability in the activities of daily living. A 3D motion processing system collected and analyzed data describing each subject′s gait kinematics.Results:After the intervention, significantly greater average improvement was observed in all of the outcome measures among the observation group compared with the control group.Conclusion:Combining intermittent resistance training with low-frequency rTMS can significantly reduce muscle tone and improve the motor functioning of PD patients. The combination is more effective than low-frequency rTMS alone.

Objective:To summarize the echocardiography and pathological features of fetal Kabuki syndrome.Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed the echocardiography and pathological features of seven fetuses with KMT2D pathogenic variants confirmed by copy number variation sequencing, and who were identified as complex congenital heart disease by fetal echocardiography, at Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University and other multi-center collaborative hospitals on fetal congenital heart diseases from January 2013 to May 2018. All the seven fetuses were artificially aborted. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Results:(1) The seven pregnant women aged 29 (27-32) years and had an abortion at 23 (22-25) gestational weeks. There were three male and four female fetuses. (2) Pathogenic mutations in KMT2D gene were detected in all seven cases, including one nonsense mutation and six frameshift mutations. (3) All fetuses had left heart obstruction with or without aortic arch dysplasia/interruption of the aortic arch. There were three with hypoplastic left heart syndrome, two with a single ventricle, one with aortic atresia, and one with severe mitral valve dysplasia. Other cardiovascular abnormalities included aortic arch branch abnormalities, double-outlet of the right ventricle, ventricular septal defect, tricuspid atresia, pulmonary valve stenosis (nearly atresia) complicated by pulmonary dysplasia, persistent left superior vena cava, and patent or closed foramen ovale. Secondary changes included enlargement of the right atrium and right ventricle, and dilatation of the pulmonary artery or ductus arteriosus. (4) Four of the seven fetuses showed multiple extracardiac system abnormalities, including facial deformities (two cases), pulmonary dysplasia (two cases), digestive abnormalities(two cases), and urogenital system abnormalities (two cases). Conclusions:The main features of echocardiography for fetal Kabuki syndrome are left heart obstruction, often complicated by other congenital cardiovascular abnormalities.

The standardization of pediatric Tuina is beneficial to pediatric Tuina practitioners in a norm practices. The paper collects the content from teaching textbooks, TCM ancient books and database literature, and tries to develop the technical specifications of pediatric Tuina by four rounds Delphi surveys and expert consensus. This specification covers the manipulation of pediatric Tuina, the position of acupoints, the effects of acupoints and the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric Tuina, including indications, contraindications, cautious use, operation steps and methods.

In order to standardize the clinical diagnosis and treatment of upper airway cough syndrome (UACS) for children in China, Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine initiated the development of this Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines for Children with Upper Airway cough Syndrome based on evidence-based medical evidence. This guideline will process registration, write a plan, and develop relevant processes and writing norms, develop and publish official documents. This plan mainly introduces the scope of the guidelines, the purpose and significance, the composition of the guidelines working group, the management of conflicts of interest, the collection, selection and determination of clinical problems, the retrieval, screening and rating of evidence, and the consensus of recommendations. Registration information: This study has been registered in the international practice guidelines registry platform with the registration code of PREPARE-2023CN087.

ObjectiveTo establish a set of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) detection protocol for inbred rats based on multiplex PCR-ligase detection reaction (LDR). MethodsA total of 40 rats SNP sites were selected on chromosomes 1-20 and X of rats among 5 inbred strains of rats, and the 40 SNP sites were randomly divided into four groups. A genetic detection protocol for 4 groups of SNP in inbred rats based on multiplex PCR-LDR technology was constructed. 9 commonly used rat strains from two other domestic rat suppliers were detected by this protocol. Finally, the feasibility of this protocol was verified by comparing the amplification effects of different DNA polymerases by a third-party laboratory. ResultsWhen using the constructed SNP detection protocol for inbred rats to test 5 rat strains, all sites in each sample obtained good amplification results. The 9 commonly used rat strains from two other rat suppliers in china were also well amplified by this SNP detection protocol, and 40 SNPs were homozygous in each Inbred strain. The results of detection of the same rat DNA samples with three different DNA polymerases showed that the Multiplex PCR Kit, AmpliTaq Gold 360 DNA polymerase and Platinum II Taq hot start DNA polymerase had electrophoretic peaks of amplification products at all SNP sites in groups 1 to 3, and Platinum II Taq hot start DNA polymerase had one less electrophoretic peak of the amplification products at the SNP sites in group 4. In addition, inter-laboratory comparisons showed consistent results for the same amplification system. ConclusionBased on multiplex PCR-LDR technology, this study successfully established a SNP detection protocol for rats covering all autosomes and X chromosomes with the excellent stability and repeatability.

Objective:To investigate the value of artificial intelligence in screening normal or abnormal four-chamber view of the fetal heart.Methods:Selecting 3 996 pictures of normal and abnormal end systolic four chamber views and 450 video clips from the database of Beijing Key Laboratory of Fetal Heart Disease Maternal and Fetal Medicine Research in Beijing Anzhen Hospital as training set, test set and verification set to train, test and verify DGACNN model. ①Comparing DGACNN, DGACNN-ALOCC and other classification models(Densenet, Resnet50, InceptionV3, InceptionResnetV2) to detect the model with the most advanced level by recognizing 200 normal pictures and 200 abnormal pictures. ②Fetal echocardiographers were divided into three groups according to their experiences: primary, intermediate and advanced, 3 doctors in each group, and comparing the average score between each group or three groups and DGACNN by recognizing 100 normal pictures and 100 abnormal pictures.Results:①When the the false positive rate(FPR) was in the range of 20%, the recognition accuracy of DGACNN was the highest with 0.850, the recognition accuracy of other models were DGACNN-ALOCC 0.835, Densenet 0.780, Resnet50 0.700, InceptionV3 0.670, InceptionResnetV2 0.650, respectively. ②When FPR was in the range of 20%, the area under ROC curve of DGACNN was the largest with 0.881, the area under ROC curve of other models were DGACNN-ALOCC 0.864, Densenet 0.850, Resnet50 0.822, Inceptionv3 0.779, InceptionResnetV2 0.703, respectively. ③When the FPR was in the range of 20%, the average recognition accuracy of the senior fetal echocardiographer group was the highest with 0.863, followed by DGACNN 0.840, which was higher than the average recognition accuracy of the primary and intermediate groups with 0.760, 0.807; the average recognition accuracy of DGACNN was higher than the total average recognition accuracy of the primary, intermediate and advanced groups with 0.810.Conclusions:Artificial intelligence is accessible in screening four chamber view of fetal echocardiography, with high recognition accuracy.

Objective To understand the changing distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Proteus,Morganella and Providencia in hospitals across China from January 1,2015 to December 31,2021 in the CHINET Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Program.Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out following the unified CHINET protocol.The results were interpreted in accordance with the breakpoints in the 2021 Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)M100(31 st Edition).Results A total of 32 433 Enterobacterales strains were isolated during the 7-year period,including 24 160 strains of Proteus,6 704 strains of Morganella,and 1 569 strains of Providencia.The overall number of these Enterobacterales isolates increased significantly over the 7-year period.The top 3 specimen source of these strains were urine,lower respiratory tract specimens,and wound secretions.Proteus,Morganella,and Providencia isolates showed lower resistance rates to amikacin,meropenem,cefoxitin,cefepime,cefoperazone-sulbactam,and piperacillin-tazobactam.For most of the antibiotics tested,less than 10％of the Proteus and Morganella strains were resistant,while less than 20％of the Providencia strains were resistant.The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales(CRE)was 1.4％in Proteus isolates,1.9％in Morganella isolates,and 15.6％in Providencia isolates.Conclusions The overall number of clinical isolates of Proteus,Morganella and Providencia increased significantly in the 7-year period from 2015 to 2021.The prevalence of CRE strains also increased.More attention should be paid to antimicrobial resistance surveillance and rational antibiotic use so as to prevent the emergence and increase of antimicrobial resistance.