Objective:To analyze the impact of NBP on the expression of HSP 70 and TLR4 in the rat with ischemia-reperfusion.Methods:The 144 rats were divided into 3 groups,Sham group,IR group and NBP group.The 3 groups were divided into 4 groups again according to the time of reperfusion (6h,12h,24h and 48h).The intraluminal ischemia-reperfusion model was made by improved Longa.When the model was made successfully ,the rat in NBP group was gave oral NBP immediately while the IR and Sham group was gave oral NS.The neurological deficit scores , number of apoptotic cells , expression of HSP70 and TLR4 were compared during the 3 groups.Results:The neurological function ,apoptosis,the expression of HSP70 and TLR4 in NBP group at any reperfusion time were statistical lower than in IR group.In all the infusion periods,apoptotic cells in IR and NBP group were significantly higher than that in the Sham group.In all the infusion periods ,the positive cells in IR and NBP group were significantly lower than that in the Sham group.Conclusion:NBP can protect the function of neuron by improving the inhibition of HSP 70 and TLR4.

Objective To investigate the effect of butylphthalide on Nrf2 signaling pathway after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats and neuroprotective effect.Methods A model of middle cerebral artery ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats was induced by suture method.The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:a sham operation,an ischemia-reperfusion,a low-dose (100 mg/kg) butylphthalide,and a high-dose (400 mg/kg) butylphthalide.Neurological deficit score was performed at 24 h after referfusion.Western blotting was used to detect the Nrf2 expression,the superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehydecontent in the ischemic brain tissue.TUNEL assay was used to detect the nerve cell apoptosis.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of cleaved caspase-3.Results Butylphthalide significantly upregulated the Nrf2 protein expression with a dose-dependent manner (P ＜ 0.05),increased superoxide dismutase activity (P ＜ 0.05),decreased malondialdehyde content (P ＜ 0.05),decreased numbers of cleaved caspase-3 positive cells and apoptotic cells (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Butylphthalide may play a significant neuroprotective effect after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.Its role may be associated with the upreglation of Nrf2 signaling pathway and enhancing antioxidant activity

Objective To investigate the direct and indirect MRI manifestations of anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)tears and discuss its mechanism and diagnostic value.Methods The study involved 40 patients with ACL tears including 37 males and three females at age range of 16-49 years(mean age of 33 years).Arthroscopy and operation confirmed 28 patients at acute phase of ACL tears,12 at chronic phase of ACL tears,35 with complete ACL tears and five with partial ACL tears.All patients were examined on 1.5T Siemens MRI scanner,with SE,TSE or Medic sequence in multiple directions.The direct and indirect MRI manifestations of ACL tears were retrospectively and statistically analyzed by employing three experienced doctors.Results Among 28 patients with acute tears,the direct MRI signs included signal interruption or non-consecutive(86%),uneven signal(64%)and swelling and thickening ligament(36%).While in 12 patients with chronic teats,the MRI signs manifested swelling ligament(92%),signal interruption or non-consecutive(75%)and uneven signal(58%).The sign of thickening ligament was mainly seen at chronic phase of ACL tears(P ＜0.01).Of 35 patients with complete ACL tears,80% occurred in the middle part of ACL,with low incidence of upper and lower parts.All five patients with partial ACL tears occurred in the anteriomedialis bundle.The indirect MRI signs of ACL tears included 7-shaped deformity of posterior cruciate ligament(PCL)(34 patients,85%),meniscus exposure(26 patients)including 16 with lateral meniscus exposure(62%),bone injury(15 patients)including segond fracture(8 patients,53%),widened joint space(9 patients)including 78% at chronic phase,and tibia antelocation(23 patients,57%).Among 40 patients,37 patients were diagnosed correctly preoperatively,with accuracy rate of 92%.While three patients with partial ACL tears were missed diagnosis preoperatively,with inaccuracy rate of 8%.Conclusion ACL tear is relatively easy to identify preoperatively according to direct and indirect MRI signs in combination with trauma history.

Objective To build a RNA interference vector for PQ-loop repeat protein (LRP) gene,and to evaluate the effect of the vector on the expression of PQ-LRP gene in Microsporum canis.Methods The PUC-PLULT and PCB309-PLULT vectors were constructed sequentially by using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated T-DNA insertional mutagenesis,adding multiple cloning sites,and introducing the hygromycin-resistance gene.Microsporum canis was transformed with the PCB309-PLULT vector followed by a series of passages and hygromycin selection.Real-time quantitative PCR was performed to measure the expression of PQ-LRP gene in Microsporum canis before and after transformation.Results The intermediate vectors PUC-PLUT and PUC-PLULT were constructed and identified by PCR and gene sequencing.The 8 825-bp interference vector PCB309-PLULT was successfully built and confirmed by enzyme digestion.The optimum concentration of hygromycin for screening for Microsporum canis transformants was determined as 300 mg/L.The mRNA expression level of PQ-LRP was decreased by 61％ in the transformants as compared with untransformed Microsporum canis (0.39 vs.1.00).Conclusion The constructed PCB309-PLULT interference vector can effectively inhibit the expression of PQ-LRP gene in Microsporum canis.

Objective:To investigate the incidence, drug sensitivity and drug resistance characteristies, and theraputic effect of staphylococcal peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis (PDAP), aim to provide clinical evidences for standardizing treatment therapy of staphylococcal PDAP. Methods:Clinical data of PDAP patients admitted to the Second Hospital of Jilin University, the First Hospital of Jilin University-the Eastern Division, Jilin Central Hospital and Jilin First Automobile Work General Hospital during January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2019 were retrospectively collected. The results of etiology, drug sensitivity and drug resistance of staphylococcal PDAP patients were collected. According to the pathogenic bacteria, patients were divided into staphylococcus aureus group ( n=48) and coagulase-negative staphylococcus group ( n=232). According to the results of methicillin resistance, patients were divided into drug-resistant group ( n=71) and drug-sensitive group ( n=30). The prognosis of antibiotic therapy in each group were compared. Poisson regression was used to test the changing trend of the incidence of staphylococcal PDAP. The changes of drug sensitivity and drug resistance of staphylococcus were compared between 2013 and 2019 by linear trend χ2 test. Results:A total of 1 085 cases of PDAP occurred in 625 patients were screened, and 280 cases of staphylococcal PDAP were finally included. The incidences of staphylococcal PDAP, staphylococcus aureus PDAP and coagulase-negative staphylococcal PDAP were 0.063 times per patient year, 0.010 times per patient year and 0.053 times per patient year respectively. In addition, the incidence of PDAP caused by staphylococcus, staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococcus decreased year by year (all P<0.05). With the change of years, the sensitivity rate of staphylococcus to rifampicin increased, while the sensitivity rate of staphylococcus to moxifloxacin decreased (both P<0.05). The drug resistance rate of staphylococcus to levofloxacin increased ( P<0.05). The staphylococcus aureus group was more prone to refractory PDAP and catheter removal than that in coagulase-negative staphylococcus group, and the recurrence rate was higher than that in coagulase-negative staphylococcus group (all P<0.05). The proportion of vancomycin used during the whole course of antibiotic therapy in drug-resistant group was higher than that in drug-sensitive group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The incidence of staphylococcal PDAP decreases year by year, and the drug sensitivity characteristics of staphylococcus also change. The therapeutic outcomes of staphylococcus aureus PDAP are worse than that of coagulase-negative staphylococcus.

Objective To observe the surface area temperature of dysmenorrhea rats with cold stagnation syndrome; To compare the different effects of Sanyinjiao (SP6) and Guanyuan (RN4).Methods Forty female SD rats were randomized into control group, model group, Sanyinjiao (SP6) group, and Guanyuan (RN4) group, 12 rats in each group. Whole body freezing method combined with estradiol benzoate injection was used to establish models. Sanyinjiao (SP6) group and Guanyuan (RN4) group received moxibustion at corresponding points for 3 times after modeling. Infrared thermal imaging was used to measure the skin temperature at the surface projection area of Sanyinjiao (SP6) and Xuehai (SP10) and Sanyinjiao-Xuehai lines before and after moxibustion.Results Compared with control group, the temperature gap between double sides of Sanyinjiao-Xuehai lines significantly increased in model group 5-30 min after moxibustion (P<0.05). 30 min after moxibustion, the temperature of right Sanyinjiao significantly decreased in other three groups (P<0.01). Compared with model group, the temperature gap between double sides of Sanyinjiao-Xuehai lines significantly decreased after 5-30 min in Sanyinjiao group (P<0.05), while Sanyinjiao-Xuehai lines significantly decreased after 10-30 min in Guanyuan group (P<0.05). Comparison between two moxibustion groups, the influence of Sanyinjiao group to temperature gap between double sides of Sanyinjiao-Xuehai lines was earlier than Guanyuan group (P<0.05).Conclusion Moxbustion can decrease the temperature gap between double sides of Sanyinjiao-Xuehai lines and ease the imbalance. And the influence of moxbustion SP6 to temperature gap between double sides of Sanyinjiao-Xuehai lines is earlier than moxibustion RN4.

Objective To observe the effects of electro-acupuncturing (EA)at “Baihui”(DU20)and“Zusanli”(ST36)on the visceral sensitivity and emotional and psychological behavior of the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)model rats,and to explore the double adjustment of electro-acupuncture on chron-ic visceral pain with emotional and psychological dysfunction.Methods Wistar immature rats were ran-domly divided into normal group,model group and electro-acupuncture group.The IBS model was in-duced by mechanical colorectal irritation of acetic acid combined with maternal separation in the postnatal period.Rats of normal group and model group underwent no intervention while those of electro-acupunc-ture group were needled at “Baihui”and “Zusanli”every other day for ten days.The visceral sensitivity was evaluated and the open-filed test was used,and the mRNA of neurokinin-1(NK1)receptor was de-tected by using RT-PCR.Results The treatment of acupuncture reduced significanty the visceral sensi-tivity,crossing activity and vertical activity in open field test,and the mRNA expression of NK1.Con-clusion The double adjustment of electro-acupuncturing at “Baihui”and “Zusanli”on chornic visceral sensitivity with emotional and psychological dysfunction was proved.

BACKGROUND:Exercise as a form of active rehabilitation can improve the dysfunction caused by peripheral nerve injury,and different exercise modalities target different lesion sites and recovery mechanisms. OBJECTIVE:To comprehensively analyze the application and mechanisms of different exercise modalities in functional recovery from peripheral nerve injury. METHODS:A computerized search was conducted in PubMed and CNKI databases for relevant literature published before January 2024.The search terms used were"peripheral nerve injury,spinal cord,exercise,cerebral cortex,muscle atrophy,mirror therapy,blood flow restriction training"in both English and Chinese.Finally,77 articles were included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Peripheral nerve injury can cause systemic pathological changes such as skeletal muscle atrophy,corresponding spinal cord segmental lesions,and sensorimotor cortex remodeling.Aerobic exercise can improve dysfunction by enhancing the immune response,promoting glial cell polarization,and promoting the release of nerve growth factor.Blood flow restriction exercise can regulate the secretion of muscle growth factor,promote muscle growth and enhance muscle strength.Mirror movement has a good effect in activating the cerebral cortex and reducing cortical remodeling.Different exercise modalities have potential benefits in functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury;however,there are still some problems and challenges,such as the choice of exercise modalities,the control of exercise intensity and frequency,and the detailed analysis of mechanisms.

[Objective]To explore the medicinal efficacy of Semen Sinapis Albae and its application value in gynecological diseases,hoping to provide reference for the treatment of modern gynecology diseases.[Methods]Through consulting ancient classics,literature and clinical consultation,it summarizes the medicinal efficacy of Semen Sinapis Albae and its wise application in the clinical treatment of gynecology in ancient and modern Chinese medicine.[Results]Semen Sinapis Albae can eliminate phlegm,"soothe five Zang-organs",enter the blood flow to remove blood stasis.Semen Sinapis Albae,with the acridity character,also can help ovulation.Meanwhile,the external application can promote transdermal absorption.In the clinical application of gynecology,it can help treat polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS),eliminate phlegm and unblock collaterals to treat infertility,treat amenorrhea with its pungent,warming and dispersing properties,regulate dysmenorrhea with internal and external treatments,reduce swelling and dissolve lumps.[Conclusion]Semen Sinapis Albae can serve the purpose of elimination as a tonic and combination of elimination and tonic in clinical applications.Through flexible combination of prescription and addition and reduction,it can play a multiplier effect on the treatment of gynecological diseases.

Objective To observe the analgesic effect of acupuncture at Guanyuan (CV4) and its effect on vasomotor substances in rats with dysmenorrhea due to coagulated cold syndrome. Method The coagulated-cold dysmenorrhea rat model was developed by Estrodiol benzoate and Oxytocin injectin plus physical freezing. The writhing response (writhing latency, writhing frequency, and writhing score) was observed, and the contents of TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1a were detected by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Result Compared with the saline water group, the writhing latency was significantly shortened, the writhing frequency was significantly increased, and the writhing score was more significantly increased in the model group (P<0.01);compared with the model group, the writhing latency was significantly prolonged, the writhing frequency was decreased, and the writhing score was significantly lower in the acupuncture group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with saline water group, the content of plasma 6-keto-PGF1a was significantly lower (P<0.05) and the content of plasma TXB2 showed an increasing tendency (P>0.05) in the model group. Compared with the model group, the content of plasma 6-keto-PGF1a showed an increasing tendency (P>0.05) and the content of plasma TXB2 showed a decreasing tendency (P>0.05) in the acupuncture group. Conclusion The vasomotor substances are obviously disordered in the blood of cold-coagulated dysmenorrhea rat models. Acupuncture at Guanyuan can improve the writhing response and release pain, and meanwhile positively regulate the vasomotor substances such as TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1a. The vasomotor substances are plausibly one of the major substances in the action of acupuncture in preventing and treating dysmenorrhea.