Objective To adapt the upper extremity functional index (UEFI) to Chinese and assess the reliability and validity of the Chinese version.Methods The index items were translated into Chinese,back translated into English,and revised by experts in rehabilitation.Twenty-five patients with upper extremity trauma were then recruited to complete two UEFI questionnaires on two occasions 1 week apart as a field test.They also completed a disability of arm,shoulder and hand (DASH) questionnaire on the first occasion.Results Some adjustments were made to the translations based on cultural and linguistic practices.Cronbach's alpha for the final version was 0.93 and the total inter-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.97.The ICCs of the individual items ranged from 0.56 to 0.94.The Pearson correlation coefficient between the UEFI and DASH questionnaires was-0.86.Conclusions The Chinese version of the UEFI scale is reliable and valid.It can be used for study and in the clinical evaluation of upper extremity function.

Objective To solve the problem that the rat retina paraffin sections are easily exfoliated from the slides and each layer are easily separation and fracture,we need to find a way to improve the retina paraffin section method and evaluate the tissue fixation. Methods We used 4 fixation liquids including 10%paraformaldehyde,4%paraformaldehyde, 4% paraformaldehyde and 95% alcohol and glacial acetic acid mixed liquid (FAA fixatiue solution ) combined with paraformaldehyde to fix the retinal tissue, and observed the fixation efficacy under microscope after HE staining. Results The effects of 10%paraformaldehyde and 4%paraformaldehyde fixed samples showed moderate separation and fracture of retina,but the HE staining retinal slices pre-treated by the FAA fixafive solution had bright and uniform color,although occasionally some parts of the retina were exfoliated from the slide, but it was not easy to take off,and had complete structure without separation and rupture. Conclusion The retina paraffin section fixed by FAA ixafive solution with 4% paraformaldehyde is superior to pure paraformaldehyde, and the paraformaldehyde concentration has no obviously influence on HE staining results.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the quality of life and joint health status of adult hemophilia patients. Methods Forty-nine adult hemophilia patients were selected.The quality of life and joint health status of patients were evaluated by hemophilia-specific health related quality of life questionnaire for adults (Hemo-QOL-A) and hemophilia joint health score (HJHS). Results The Hemo-QOL-A score of adult hemophilia patients was (39.34 ± 18.97) scores, and HJHS score was(33.16 ± 13.17)scores.The Pearson correlation analysis result showed that Hemo-QOL-A score was positively related with HJHS score (r = 0.490, P<0.05), and Hemo-QOL-A score was positively correlated with muscular condition,joint activity and joint friction sound score of HJHS score(r=0.469, 0.396 and 0.290; P<0.05). Hemo-QOL-A score was not correlated with swelling, swelling duration, arthralgia and gait of HJHS score (P>0.05). In 294 joints of 49 patients, the total abnormal rate of the joint was 82.7%(243/294),the abnormal rate of the elbow joint was 72.4%(71/98),the abnormal rate of the knee joint was 90.8%(89/98),and the abnormal rate of ankle joint was 84.7%(83/98).Conclusions Decreased joint health status, mainly including the surrounding muscle condition and joint mobility, results in lower quality of life in patients with hemophilia.

【Objective】 To investigate HBV infection with low level of HBsAg and nucleic acid testing(NAT) non-reactive results in blood donors, and analyze molecular characteristics. 【Methods】 Low level HBsAg but NAT-nonreactive samples were collected and tested for HBsAg by Abbott chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA)., HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBe and anti-HBc were further detected by Roche electrochemiluminescence immunoassay(ECLI). BCP/PC and S regions were also amplified by Nested-PCRs and qPCR for HBV DNA quantity were adopted simultaneously. 【Results】 Of 100 363 donations, 60(0.054%) low level HBsAg and NAT-nonreactive blood samples were enrolled the study. In which, 54/60(90%) and 57/60(95%) were WanTai HBsAg ELISA and DiaSorin HBsAg ELISA reactive respectively. Of 33 cases genotyped, genotype B were 87.9%( 29/33), including adw2 96.6%(28/29) and adw1 3.4%(1/29), C was observed in 4(12.1%) with sero-type adrq+. Mutations in S gene of genotype B such as Q101R, Q129H, T131I, M133L/T, F134L, G145R, V168A, L175S and V177A were observed as notable mutations, which can affect HBsAg diagnosis. A high frequency mutation C1799G(87.5%, 21/24)were detected in BCP/PC and would reduce the replication of virus. The median viral load measured by qPCR was 49.6(0~628)IU/mL. 【Conclusion】 A small part of donations with low-level HBsAg and NAT-nonreactive can not be deferred by one isolated ELISA screening assay. It is necessary to apply more sensitive and specific HBsAg assays and NAT in blood screening, and improve the ability to detected mutants.

Deficiency of natural killer (NK) cells shows a significant impact on tumor progression and failure of immunotherapy. It is highly desirable to boost NK cell immunity by upregulating active receptors and relieving the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Unfortunately, mobilization of NK cells is hampered by poor accumulation and short retention of drugs in tumors, thus declining antitumor efficiency. Herein, we develop an acid-switchable nanoparticle with self-adaptive aggregation property for co-delivering galunisertib and interleukin 15 (IL-15). The nanoparticles induce morphology switch by a decomposition-metal coordination cascade reaction, which provides a new methodology to trigger aggregation. It shows self-adaptive size-enlargement upon acidity, thus improving drug retention in tumor to over 120 h. The diameter of agglomerates is increased and drug release is effectively promoted following reduced pH values. The nanoparticles activate both NK cell and CD8⁺ T cell immunity in vivo. It significantly suppresses CT26 tumor in immune-deficient BALB/c mice, and the efficiency is further improved in immunocompetent mice, indicating that the nanoparticles can not only boost innate NK cell immunity but also adaptive T cell immunity. The approach reported here provides an innovative strategy to improve drug retention in tumors, which will enhance cancer immunotherapy by boosting NK cells.