Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease in children. Currently,inhaled corti-costeroids is the most effective drug for asthma,however,there are some adverse effect by long-time using. Ac-cording to recent literature,long-time treatment with inhaled corticosteroids may inhibit height growth. But this suppression only occurs within early stage of asthma treatment, and have no effect or slight effect on adult height. The adverse effects of inhaled corticosteroids for height are also related to its iypes,dose and usage.

Raman spectroscopy has generated many branches during the development for more than 90 years. Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) improves SNR by using the interaction between tested materials and the surface of rough metal, as to quickly get higher sensitivity and precision spectroscopy without sample pretreatment. This article describes the characteristic and classification of SERS, and updates the theory and clinical application of SERS. It also summarizes the present status and progress of SERS in various disciplines and illustrates the necessity and urgency of its research, which provides rationale for the application for SERS in microbiology.
Microbiology ; Spectrum Analysis, Raman

Objective: To study the correlations between galectin-3, soluble ST2 (sST2) levels and chronic heart failure (CHF) classiifcation, traditional HF indicator and short-term death in relevant patients. Methods: This research included 2 groups: CHF group, containing 142 relevant patients treated in our hospital from 2014-02 to 2015-10 and Control group, containing 85 normal subjects from physical examination at the same period of time. Based on NYHA criterion, the patients were classiifed in NYHA grade II, III and IV respectively. Blood levels of N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide (NT-ProBNP), high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP) and ultrasonic morphology were examined upon admission; protein expressions of galectin-3 and sST2 were assessed by ELISA. Results: The patients with NYHA grade III and IV had increased levels of galectin-3 and soluble sST2; galectin-3, sST2 were positively related to NT-ProBNP, hs-CRP and LVEDD, while negatively related to LVEF. Logistic regression analysis indicated that galectin-3 and sST2 were related to short-term death in CHF patients,P<0.05. Area under ROC curve of galectin-3 and sST2 for diagnosing CHF were 0.738 and 0.771,P<0.01. Conclusion: Galectin-3 and sST2 levels were related to traditional HF indicator and could be used for CHF diagnosis in relevant patients.

Objective To estimate the concentrations of trace element contents in plasma and serum of cases with major depression.Methods The search for all the related literatures in CBMDisc,CNKI,VIP,ScienceDirect,Medline and so on has been made.Selection criteria:examination of plasma and serum trace elements in patients with major depression and control group.Data collection and analysis:a quantitative meta-analysis was carried out by two reviewers using information based on inclusion and exclusion criteria from all papers available.Results 24 studies met inclusion criteria,all with scores of 4 or more.Zn concentration in plasma and serum of patients with major depression significantly decreased compared with that in healthy people by 2.35 mol/L,95％ CI (-2.94,-1.75) (P＜0.01).The concentration of Cu and Fe had no significant difference between the two groups (P＞ 0.05).Conclusion There were abnormal trace elements in the patients with major depression,Zn decreased,Cu and Fe mainly appeared as an unbalanced state.It is necessary to carry out more extensive research and in-depth exploration.

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of mild hypothermia combined with puncture aspiration operation on the hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage and its effect on the serum TNF-α,IL-6 and CRP levels.Methods:112 cases of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage admitted in our hospital from February 2015 to August 2016 were selected as the research objectives and randomly divides into 2 groups with 56 cases in each group.Both groups were treated with minimally puncture aspiration,and mild hypothermia was performed in the observation group additionally,the clinical effect,complication,short-term prognosis,serum TNF-α,IL-6,CRP levels at different time points before and after operation were compared between two groups.Results:The overall effective rate of observation group was 92.86％,which was significantly higher than of the control group(76.79％.P＜0.05).The incidence of MODS and complications were 0％ and 26.79％ respectively,which were significantly lower than those of the control group(P＜0.05).The serum TNF-α,IL-6,CRP levels of observation group were significantly decreased on the 3rd and 7th day postoperation,which were significantly lower than those before operation (P＜0.01).The serum TNF-α,IL-6,CRP levels of control group on the 3rd day postoperation were similar to those before operation (P＞0.05),but the serum TNF-α,IL-6,CRP levels on the 7th day postoperation were significantly decreased (P＜0.01).The serum TNF-α,IL-6,CRP levels on the 3rd,7th day postoperation were significantly lower than those of the control group at same time points (P＜0.01).The favorable prognosis of observation group was 80.36％,which was significantly higher than that of the control group (62.50％,P＜0.05).Conclusion:Mild hypothermia combined with puncture aspiration operation could effectively reduce the neurological deficits,inhibit the inflammatory response and decrease the mortality.

Objective To study the sonographic features of mammary sclerosing adenosis (SA) and evaluate the diagnositic value of ultrasound. Methods Thirty-ifve patients with pathologically conifrmed SA in Ruijin Hospital from May 2009 to August 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) lexicon was introduced to describe the lesions. The diagnostic sensitivity was analyzed. Results The main sonographic ifndings of SA could be characterized into three types:(1) malignancy-looking nodule type (typeⅠ) (34%, 12/35). (2) benignity-looking nodule type (typeⅡ) (43%, 5/35). (3) architectural disorder type (typeⅢ) (23%, 8/35). Lack of blood supply has the greatest value in differential diagnosis among all sonographic features. The diagnositic sensitivity in typeⅠ, typeⅡ, typeⅢwere 0 (0/12), 93%(14/15), and 75%(6/8) respectively. The general sensitivity was only 57%(20/35). Conclusions There are no typical sonographic features in mammary sclerosing adenosis. Ultrasound doctors should improve their knowledge about this disease.

BACKGROUND: The reason for the short of cornea donator is the olden donating conception or the limit knowledge of cornea transplantation remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To explore the awareness level of the medical staff to corneal transplantation and corneal donation. METHODS: The study consisted of 820 medical staff from different departments of 5 hospitals, including doctor, nurse, technician, and administrator. Awareness level was evaluated with an interviewer-study. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Totally 805 interviewer-studies were effect. The correct answer fill rate in department of ophthalmology was higher than other departments. Different measures should be taken to teach the medical staff to improve the awareness level of the transplantation and corneal donation.

Objective To explore the clinical manifestations,imaging findings,pathological classification and treatment of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM)of the lung.Methods The clinical features,imaging findings,pathology information,diagnosis,treatment method and its prognosis of children with CCAMconfirmed by ope-ration and pathology were retrospectively analyzed in Yuying Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical Univer-sity from August 2006 to August 201 4.Results Eleven patients were boys and 4 patients were girls.One case had a-symptomatic clinical features,1 2 cases had pulmonary infection,1 case had recurrent chest pain,and 1 case had de-pressed deformity in sternum inferior segment.Chest CT scanning indicated that 9 cases had multiple gas cysts at unila-teral side of lung,among which 1 case was of funnel chest and pulmonary sequestration,1 case of huge cyst containing air and fluid at inferior lobe of left lung,and 4 cases of high density lung shadow;CT examination indicated that 1 case had recurrent chest pain and eventration of diaphragm of the right side combined with pulmonary sequestration.All ca-ses were treated by surgical resection,of whom 1 case was given cystectomy and sequestrectomy,diaphragmatic plication respectively,1 case complicated with funnel chest disease underwent lesion pulmonary lobectomy,sequestrectomy and minimally invasive corrective surgery in pectus excavatum (Nuss surgery),and the remaining 1 2 cases received lesion pulmonary lobectomy.All of 1 5 cases recovered well without complications.Pathological classification type of CCAMin-cluded 1 1 cases of type Ⅰ,3 cases of type Ⅱ and 1 case of type Ⅲ,among which 2 cases had pulmonary sequestration. Conclusions CCAMis a rare disease which can be discovered along with pulmonary infection.Multiple gas cysts are the most common imaging findings and the preoperative diagnosis of CCAM is mostly based on chest CT examination. Type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ are the most common pathological classification.The surgical resection should be given early surgi-cal resection and the prognosis is usually good.

Objective To investigate whether rat adipose-derived stem cells (rASCs) could resist human xenoantibody-dependent complement-mediated lysis and to explore its possible mechanisms.Method SD rat ASCs were isolated,rASCs at passage 2 to 8 were used for the following studies and rat lymphocytes were harvested as control cells.α-Gal expression was detected by flow cytometry.After incubation of rASCs with 20％ normal human serum (NHS) or heat inactivated normal human serum (HINHS),flow cytometry was used to detect cytotoxicity,IgG or IgM binding,and C3c,C4c and C5b-9 deposition.Result We successfully established the method to isolate and culture rASCs.The morphology of rASCs remained unchanged after passages.rASCs were positive for tell surface markers of CD44 and CD90,while negative for CD45 and MHC-Ⅱ.As compared with rLCs,rASCs significantly resisted human natural antibody and complement-mediated lysis when incubated with 20％ NHS in vitro (20.42％ ± 2.80％ vs 51.84％ ± 6.70％,P ＜ 0.01).Mechanistically,rASCs expressed lower level of α-Gal (13.97 ± 0.33 vs.24.47 ± 3.03,P＜0.05),which was correlated with decreased binding of human xenoreactive IgG and IgM (IgM:9.4 ± 2.0 vs.107.2± 4.8,P＜0.01; IgG:5.73 ± 1.0 vs.27.49 ± 3.9,P＜0.01) and reduced deposition of complements C3c,C4c and C5b-9 (C3c:294.6 ± 38.02 vs.1924 ± 509.4,P＜0.05; C4c:35.23 ± 3.1vs.177.3 ± 37.17,P＜0.05; C5b-9:5.63 ± 1.74 vs.37.05 ± 7.4,P＜0.01).Conclusion These data demonstrated that the resistance of rASCs to human xenoantibody and complement-mediated lysis is associated with low expression of xenoantigen a-Gal and inhibition of MAC (membrane attack complex) formation.

AIM:To explore the effect of Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4)-Notch signaling pathway blockade on the development of Thelper 17(Th17) cells in the asthmatic mice.METHODS:Male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups:control group, asthma group, normal saline group, anti-Dll4 antibody group, and immunoglobulin G group.The protein expression of Dll4 was detected by immunohistochemical staining.The proportion of Th17 cells in mouse spleen isolated CD4+ T cells was measured by flow cytometry.The protein expression of Th17 transcription factor retinoid-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) was determined by Western blot.The serum level of interleukin (IL)-17 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).RESULTS:The expression of Dll4 in the lung tissues from asthma group significantly increased as compared with anti-Dll4 antibody group.The proportion of Th17 cells in CD4+ T cells was significantly down-regulated, and the protein expression of RORγt in the lung tissues was significantly reduced in anti-Dll4 antibody group compared with asthma group (P<0.05).Moreover, the serum level of IL-17 in anti-Dll4 antibody group was significantly reduced compared with asthma group (P<0.01).CONCLUSION:The blockade of Dll4-Notch signaling pathway inhibits the differentiation of Th17 cells in asthmatic mice.