Objective:To compare the caries removal efficiency of Carisolv with that of drilling in deciduous teeth.Methods:Thirty-two children,aged from 6 to 9 years,with symmetric coronal medium or deep caries in deciduous teeth,were involved in the clinical study.According to a split-mouth design,in each patient,caries tissue was removed by using a round bur on one side,and Carisolv on the other side.After caries removal,the teeth were restored with composite resin.Patients were asked to fill in a postoperative questionnaire,including patient acceptance of technique preference.6 months after operation the restorations were checked.Results:The time(min) for Carisolv caries removal and for drilling method were 4.33?1.25 and 2.58?0.82 respectively(P0.05).Conclusion:Carisolv is a time-consuming technique,but the majority of patients accepte Carisolv because of less pain.Carisolv may have no effect on the incidence of marginal microleakage and secondary caries.

Objective:To compare clinical and radiographic success rates of a modified primary root ca-nal filling ( ingredients:zinc oxide-eugenol, iodoform and calcium hydroxide, MPRCF) vs. zinc oxide-eugenol cement ( ZOE) and calcium hydroxide/iodoform paste ( Vitapex) in pulpectomized primary mo-lars at the end of 6 and 12 months, and to evaluate the degradation of materials in the root canals and in apical area. Methods:In the study, 160 primary molars from 155 children ( the average age:5. 88 ± 1. 27 years) that met the inclusion criteria were allocated to one of the three materials via block randomi-zation. A two-visit pulpectomy was performed by an investigator. The clinical and radiographic diagnoses were blindly assessed by other two investigators. Results:At the end of 6 and 12 months, the ZOE and MPRCF success rates were 100% both in clinical and radiographic evaluation. The Vitapex group showed the clinical success of 100% at the end of 6 months and 94. 5% at the end of 12 months. Radiographic evaluation for the Vitapex group showed 80 . 4% success at the end of 6 months and 60 . 7% at the end of 12 months. No statistically significant differences were noted at the end of 6 months in the three groups both in clinical and radiographic evaluation. The success rates in clinical and radiographic evaluation at the end of 12 months for ZOE and MPRCF groups were not significantly different, and better than those for Vitapex group with statistically significant difference. The completely resorb rate of excess extruded extraradicularly were 14. 3%, 100% and 71. 4% for ZOE, Vitapex and MPRCF at the end of 12 months. The rates of resorption of material at the same rate of the root were 5. 8%, 7. 2% and 40. 9% for ZOE, Vi-tapex and MPRCF at the end of 12 months. Conclusion:MPRCF, a mixture of zinc oxide eugenol and io-doform with calcium hydroxide can be used as a root canal filling material in primary teeth, taking account of the success rate and resorbing at a similar rate with the roots of the primary teeth.

Objective:To compare the level of dental anxiety and dental behavior between dental fear children with dental treatment under general anaesthesia ( GA) and those under restraint .Methods:The GA group included 31 dental fear children aged 4-6-year-old who received dental treatment under the GA.The restraint group included 31 dental fear children aged 4-6-year-old who received dental treat-ment under the restraint.Age, gender, parent’s education level, decayed-missing-filled tooth (dmft) and face version of the Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale ( MCDASf ) score before treatment were matched between the two groups .The Chinese version of MCDAS f was used to evaluate the level of dental anxiety in each child before treatment , right after treatment and before examination at recall visit 2 -3 weeks after treatment .And the Chinese version of Venham Clinical Anxiety and Cooperative Behavior Scale was used to evaluate children ’ s dental behavior in each child before treatment and before examina-tion at recall visit 2-3 weeks after treatment .Results:The average scores of MCDAS f in GA group right after treatment and before recall were lower than that before treatment .The difference was statistically sig-nificant (P<0.05).Furthermore, the average score of MCDASf before recall was lower than those after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The average scores of MCDASf in restraint group right after treatment and 2-3 weeks after treatment were higher than those before treat-ment , but the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0 .05 ) .Children ’ s dental behavior was sig-nificantly improved at recall visit in both groups (P<0.01).Conclusion:Dental fear could be reduced by treatment under GA .The children ’ s dental behavior was improved after GA .Restraint did not result in the significant elevation of dental anxiety level , but dental behavior was improved after restraint during the short-term recall.

Objective To explore the related risk factors of severe mycoplasma pneumonia in children.Methods 86 children with mycoplasma pneumonia were selected as the observation group.At the same time,30 normal children were selected as the control group.The observation group included 33 cases of mild mycoplasma pneumo nia(A group) and 53 cases of severe mycoplasma pneumonia(B group).The clinical data of the three groups were ret rospectively analyzed,and the related risk factors of severe mycoplasma pneumonia in children were analyzed.Results The risk factors of severe mycoplasma pneumonia in children were age ＞ 5 years (x2 =28.776,P ＜ 0.05),immunoglobulin IgG(x2 =3.004,P ＜ 0.05),immunoglobulin IgM (x2 =2.147,P ＜ 0.05),immunoglobulin IgA (x2 =2.036,P ＜ 0.05),WBC (x2 =6.119,P ＜ 0.05),neutrophil percentage (x2 =8.374,P ＜ 0.05),the positive rate of CD8(x2 =11.665,P＜0.05),the positive rate of CD4(x2 =12.901,P＜0.05).Conclusion For children with risk factors of severe mycoplasma pneumonia should be early diagnosed,prevented and treated,thereby reducing the burden on patients.

[Objective] To observe the dynamic changes of circulating immune complex (CIC) in monkeys infected by simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). [Methods] Agglutination test of complement-sensitized yeast cell was used to determine the serum CIC level in 30 cases of monkeys, which were infected with SIVmac251 and sampled in different time-points after infection. Sixty-eight cases of normal monkeys were also examined as controls. [Results] After SIV infection, CIC can't be detected in all 30 monkeys until the 4th week, the total positive rate being 30% . In the 8th week, CIC were detected in 46.7% of these monkeys and then declined gradually in the following 12 weeks. Since the 20th week, the CIC in these monkeys maintained lower liter and lower positive rate which was close to that of the normal monkeys (about 10%). [Conclusion] CIC appeared and increased during the primary SIV infection and declined accompanying with the virus clearance from the circulalion. The formation of CIC may not benefit to the control of virus replication and the induction of anti-virus immunity; CIC has a role in the pathogenesis after SIV infection.

Objective To study the association between endometrioid uterine carcinomas and metabolic syndrome (MS). Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 123 patients who were admitted in Department of Gynecology Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital (study group) and 90 healthy women (control group) with matching age from Jan. 2005 to Mar. 2009. The general conditions[including age, whether menopausal, body mass index (BMI)];the risk factors for MS [including waist circumference,fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides(TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure]were analyzed. The clinical stage, histological type, and pathology differentiated degree of study group with or without MS were also analyzed by univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazards models.Results (1) The univariate survival analysis shown that there were no significant difference with age in two groups[(54.3±0.6) vs. (54.2±0.9) years;P>0.05], while the rate of menopausal, BMI(≥25 kg/m~2), the cases coupled with MS, the size of waist circumference (> 80 cm), the level of fasting plasma glucose (≥5.6 mmol/L),TG(> 1.7 mmol/L)and abnormal systolic and diastolic blood pressure in study group were higher than those in control group (67.5% vs. 48. 9%, 45.5% vs. 23.3%, 43.9% vs.18.9%, 50.4% vs. 27.8%, 53.7% vs. 21.1%, 40.7% vs. 21.1% and 40.7% vs. 25.6%,respectively, all P <0.05). The percentage of HDL(< 1.30 mmol/L) was higher in study group than that in control granp(63. 4% vs. 32. 2%, P <0.05). (2) There were not significant difference for the clinical stage, pathological type, grades between patients with or without MS in study group (P > 0.05). (3) The Logistic multivariate survival analysis shown that central obesity, higher TG, lower HDL and abnormal plasma glucose were independent risk factors for endometrioid uterine carcinomas coupled with MS (P< 0.05). Conclusion Metabolic syndrome is marginally associated with an increased risk of endometrioid uterine carcinomas, which may be the new point to screen, prevention and treatment endometrioid uterine carcinomas.

AIM: To investigate clinical effect of tongxinluo capsule in treating stable angina pectoris patients, and its influence on endothelial function, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA). METHODS: One hundred and twenty-four stable angina pectoris patients were divided into three groups, isosorbide treatment group (41 cases), tongxinluo capsule treatment group (40 cases), tongxinluo and isosorbide treatment group (combined treatment group, 43 cases). The serum concentrations of nitric oxide (NO), endothelin-1 (ET-1), SOD and MDA were determined before and after treatment. The data in traetment groups were compared with that in normal control. RESULTS: The symptoms of 3 groups were significantly improved, and the total effective rate of tongxinluo capsule group and combined treatment groups were better than that in isororbide treatment group (85.00% and 88.37% vs 73.17%, P

Objective:To evaluate the effect of internal distraction osteogenesis in the treatment of complicated teeth-maxillofacial deformity.Methods:Clinical data of 1 0 cases with complicated teeth-maxillofacial deformity were analyzed retrospectively.In the first stage,the patients were operated by internal distraction osteogenesis.In the second stage,the distractor was removed after 3 to 6 months of consolidation period,followed by other operation for further occlusal reconstruction.Results:All the operations were per-formed as planned.The distraction distance was 7 -70 mm.The distraction process was smooth in all the cases.Occlusion was recon-structed and the deformity was corrected by following operation satisfactorily.Conclusion:Internal distraction osteogenesis is effective in the treatment of complicated teeth-maxillofacial deformity for further occlusal reconstruction and functional repair.

Objective:To analyse the causes of early implantation failure and the therapeutic measures with re-implantation after the failures.Methods:6 cases of implantation failure including early infections,loosening and non-osteointegration were reviewed and trea-ted by re-implantation therapy,and the causes of failure were discussed and the effects of re-treatment were evaluated.Results:2 cases were found to be with infection of adjacent teeth after implantation and were treated by removal of the implant,socket curettage,root ca-nal therapy(RCT)and antibiotics followed by reimplantation.Implant loosening and non-osteointegration were observed in 4 cases, which were treated by the similar methods for the implant socket.Reimplantation was successful in all 6 cases followed-up for 1 -3 years.Conclusion:Preventive measure for implantation failure should include indication selection,control of infections in adjacent teeth and periodontosis,use of GBR technic and so on.Re-implantation following proper treatment of adjacent teeth and the socket of implant is effective for the treatment of implantation failure.

Objective To study the mutations of Env sequence of SIVmac239 after infection of Chinese rhesus monkeys, and compare the differences and characteristics of Gp120 sequences of enterotropic and neurotropic SIV strains. Methods Six strains of simian immunodeficiency virus were analyzed in this study: four separated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of SIVmac239-infected monkeys and two neurotropic SIVmac251 strains.Isolated and cultured monoclonal virus was obtained by limiting dilution assay.Gp120 sequences were amplified after the RNA extraction and phylogenetic analysis was processed thereafter.So did the Gp120 amino acid sequence and N-glycosylation sites analysis of the enterotropic and neurotropic strains.Results SIVmac239 had different mutations in four rhesus monkeys.The diversity in amino acid sequences of the enterotropic and neurotropic strains concentrated in the V1 and V4 regions of Gp120.The enterotropic strains had an addition of glycosylation site in V4 but the glycosylation site changes of neurotropic strains were located in the conservative regions of C1, C2 and C3.Conclusions The addition of one glycosylation site in V4 region of GP120 and loss of one glycosylation site in C1 region are associated with enhanced enterotropism and neurotropism.The differences between the enterotropic and neurotropic strains are not dipicted in Gp120 V3 region which is closely related with the tropism of strains.