To Describe the current situation of Niger children receiving acupuncture treatment.Acupuncture has 30 years of development history in Niger.Chinese medical teams had established acupuncture department in the Central Hospital in Maradi,Niamey National Hospital,and National Hospital of Zinder,and presided over acupuncture work.But due to a variety of reasons,at present,only the Central Hospital in Maradi has reserved acupuncture therapy,and was combined with physical therapy,rehabilitation therapy to form exercise therapy and functional training division.Pediatric patients are the major subjects who received acupuncture,accounting for 2/3 of outpatients.Nervous system and motor system diseases were their main diseases.

Objective To analyse the clinicopathological changes of Alport syndrome (AS) and to detect the deposition of type Ⅳ collagen within basement membrane of Alport patients. Methods Fourteen patients with AS (12 families) hospitalized from 1990. 1 to 1996. 6 were investigated. Eleven were male and 3 female (mean age 29. 4 years). Results Microscopic hematuria was found in 13, with recurrent gross hematuria in 7. All had proteinuria. Three patients presented nephrotic syndrome. Progressive renal failure occured in 10 of 11 male(11 - 39 years) and 1 female (40 years). Six patients were treated with hemodialysis, two of them with transplantation. Sensorineural deafness was observed in 9 patients particularly high frequency sound. Anterior lenticonus were presented in 2. It showed heterogeneitic, 50% transmitted as X-linked dominant(XD) trait. In 7 renal biopsies, the findings by light microscopy mostly revealed focal and segmental sclerosis glomerulonephritis (4/7). The results of immunofluorescenc e (IF) were ne gatt ye in 4. Ultrastructural studies showed variable thickening, thinning of glomerular basement membrane (GBM) in 7 specimens with lamellation and basket-weaving of GBM in 1. Using the iIF technique, the ?3, 4, 5 (Ⅳ) chains were absent within both GBM and EBM of 4 male XD-AS patients. Conclusions AS is not a rare hereditary disease characterized by hematuria, proteinuria and progressive renal failure with sensorineural deafness and ocular lesions. Type Ⅳ collagen within Alpori patients' basement membrane is abnormal and iIF study of type Ⅳ collagen chains distribution is useful to confirm the diagnosis of AS.

Objective To explore the possible immunological mechanism of laminarin sulfate in the prevention of experimental atherosclerosis. Methods Serum soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R) , circulating immuno-complex, sub units of T lymphocyte, inter leukin-6(IL-6) , in-terleukin-8(IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) and lipid metabolism were determined by ELISA, RIA in rats and quails. Results The lipid metabolism and immunologic function were prominent disturbance in animals after feeding with high-lipid food. However, Laminarin sulfate has obvious regulating effects on above-mentioned index. Conclusions The mechanism of laminarin sulfate in the prevention of atherosclerosis might be closely related to the regulation of the disturbance of lipid metabolism and to the regulation of the immunologic function of the body.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of sitagliptin and sitagliptin combined with glimepiride in the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2DM).Methods Ninety-two patients with T2DM were randomly divided into sitagliptin group (group J),glimepiride group (group G) and sitagliptin combined with glimepiride group (group U),group J took sitagliptin,group G took glimepiride,group U took sitagliptin and glimepiride.Before and after treatments,blood glucose and insulin were determined in the fasting and 2-hour blood samples after taking glucose (fasting blood-glucose (FPG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPG),insulin (FIns),2-hour postprandial insulin (2hIns),and glycosylation hemoglobin (HBA1 c) were also determined and homeostasis model assessment was applied to estimate the functions index of islet β cell(HOMA-β).Results The levels of blood glucose and HBA1C in three groups decreased after treatments(FPG,(before treatment:(9.2±3.0),(9.2±2.8),(9.3±3.2) mmol/L),(after treatment:(7.7 ± 3.0),(6.9 ± 2.6),(6.0 ± 2.5) mmol/L),and t values are 2.205,3.203,3.691,P ＜ 0.01,P ＜ 0.05 ;2 hPG (before treatment:(14.1 ± 5.7),(14.8 ±6.3),(15.0±6.8) mmol/L),(after treatment:(7.9 ±2.9),(9.0 ±3.1),(7.1 ±3.1) mmol/L),and t values are 3.881,3.159,4.189,P ＜ 0.01 ; HBA1c (before treatment:(8.52 ± 2.01)％,(8.48 ± 1.94)％,(8.56 ±2.27)％,(after treatment:(7.64 ± 1.92)％,(6.81 ± 1.55)％,(6.19 ± 1.84)％),t values are 2.292,2.184,3.269,P ＜ 0.01,P ＜ 0.05) ; HOMA-β in the three groups increased after treatment ((before treatment:1.42 ± 0.07,1.44 ± 0.06,1.41 ± 0.11),(after treatment:1.76 ± 0.14,1.68 ± 0.20,1.85 ±0.17),t values are 2.180,2.073,2.882,P ＜ 0.01,P ＜ 0.05);levels of HBA1c and blood glucose in group U were lower than those in group J and G(HBA1 c:t values are 2.785,2.138,P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01 ;FPG:t values are 2.252,2.346,P ＜0.05;2hPG:t values are 2.147,2.829,P ＜0.01,P ＜0.05),HOMA-β in which was higher than that of group G(t =2.153,P ＜ 0.05),but with no significant difference compared with group J (t =1.796,P ＞ 0.05),levels of HBA1C,FPG and HOMA-β in group J were higher than those of group G (t values are 2.108,2.202,2.121,P ＜ 0.05),level of 2hPG of group J was lower than that of group G(t =2.307,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Sitagliptin provides significant glycaemic control,together with glimepiride,clinical effect of treatment of type 2 diabetes will be enhanced.

Objective To investigate the underlying mutation in a late-onset Chinese patient with classic Bartter syndrome. Methods The mutation analysis of CLCNKB gene was performed by the PCR direct sequencing. The patient's parents and siblings were studied as well. Fifty normal volunteers were analyzed as control group. Results The heterozygous deletion mutation cDNA 753delG and heterozygous missense mutation G433E were detected in the patient. Her father was found to carry heterozygous G433E and her mother to carry cDNA 753delG mutation respectively. Her brother carried heterozygous G433E and her sister was normal. Conclusions Two mutations of the CLCNKB gene in this Chinese patient with late-onset classic Bartter syndrome are identified. The cDNA 753delG mutation has not been reported previously.

Objective To investigate the effects of lipnsomal prostnglandin E1 (Lipo-PGE1) on the renal function in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) .Methods Twenty ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients of both sexes aged 34-56 yr weighing 48-81 kg scheduled for elective cardiac valve replacement with CPB were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 10 each): normal saline group (group NS) and Lipo-PGE1 group. In group Lipo-PGE1, Lipo-PGE1 was infused at 3 ng·kg-1·min-1 from the initiation of CPB to the end of CPB, and then added into the priming solution of the extracorporeal circulation machine with its concentration set at 5 ng/ml. In group NS, the equal volume of normal saline was administered instead of Lipo-PGE1 . The concentrations of thromboxane B2 ( TXB2 ), 6-keto-prostnglandin F1α ( 6-Keto-PGF1α ), and free hemoglobin ( F-Hb ) in plasma, and α1-microgipbulin (α1-MG), β2-micmglobulin (β2-MG) and Cystatin C (Cys C) in serum were measured after heparinization and before CPB (T1), at 30 min of CPB (T2) and at 0, 1 and 24 h after termination of CPB (T3-5). Results Compared to T1, the concentrations of TXB2, 6-Keto-PGF1α, α1-MG and β2-MG and TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1α ratio at T2-4, and the concentrations of F-Hb and Cystatin C at T2-5 were significantly increased in both groups ( P < 0.05). The concentration of 6-Keto-PGF1α at T2-4 was significantly higher, and concentrations of TXB2, α1-MG and β2-MG and TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1α ratio at T2-4 and concentrations of F-Hb and Cys C at T2-5 were significantly lower in group Lipo-PGE1 than in group NS ( P < 0.05). Conclusion Lipo-PGE1 can obviously improve the renal function in patients undergoing CPB.

Objective To evaluate the value of contrast-enhanced CT in diagnosis of mesenteric fibromatosis (MF).Methods CT images of 6 patients with pathologically proved mesenteric fibromatosis were retrospectively analyzed.The imaging characteristics analysis in-cluded the number,size,density of the lesion,the degree and quality of enhancement,as well as the relationship with the surrounding tissues.Results Singular lesion located in the mesentery was found in all the 6 patients (100%).The size of all cases ranges from 2.0 cm to 8.5 cm and the mean diameter was 6.5 cm.CT scan showed 5 tumors were homogeneous (83.3%),while one tumor had mixed den-sity (1 6.7%).On contrast-enhanced CT images,5 cases showed mild enhancement (83.3%),while 1 case showed moderate en-hancement (1 6.7%).And 4 cases appeared as heterogeneous enhancement (66.7%).4 cases of lesions infiltrated the surrounding tissue(66.7%)and the peripheral intestines were compressed in 2 cases(33.3%).5 masses were surrounded by mesenteric vessels (83.3%).Conclusion MF has certain CT manifestations,especially when mesenteric vascular surrounded the lesion.CT can provide important information for the diagnosis of this disease.

Background and purpose:Osteosarcoma, a highly malignant bone tumor, develops rapidly. The current medicines for osteosarcoma present some limitations with serious side effects of long-term use. Isosteviol has the structure of tetracyclic diterpene which is the starting material of many anti-cancer drugs. However, its anti-tumor activity has been rarely reported. This study investigated the effect of isosteviol on proliferation of human osteosarcoma cell line U-2OS.Methods:The effect of isosteviol on U-2OS cell proliferation was assayed by MTT method. Cellular morphologic changes were observed under an inverted phase contrast microscope. The cell condition was observed with Hoechst 33342 and PI staining. Generation of reactive oxygen species and cell membrane potential were detected as well. The cell cycles were analyzed with lfow cytometry. The expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2 and Bax were measured by Western blot assay.Results:The result indicates that isosteviol suppressed the growth of U-2OS cells in time- and concentration-dependent manner. Isosteviol could cause S phase cell cycle arrest at 24 h and apoptosis at 48 h. With the increased drug concentration, reactive oxygen species increased significantly, and the membrane potential gradually reduced. In addition, isosteviol treatment enhanced the expression of Bax but reduced that of Bcl-2.Conclusion:The inhibition of isosteviol on cell growth of U-2OS cells was possibly caused by promoting apoptosis through regulating the apoptosis-related protein expressions, such as the enhancement of Bax and reduction of Bcl-2 expression.

Objective To study the effect of multi-disciplinary teamwork (MDT) nursing mode on perioperative care to breast cancer patients. Methods One hundred and twenty breast cancer patients undergoing surgical operations were evenly randomized into the observation and control groups by random digit number table. The control group was treated with routine nursing care and the observation group with MDT nursing mode. Result The rate of complications (like subcutaneous effusion, lymphatic edema and skin flap necrosis) in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group and the hospital stay was significantly shorter than that of the control group as well (all P<0.05). Conclusion The MDT nursing mode can reduce the rate of complications, shorten the hospital stay and relieve patient′s depression.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of ZHU Lian's acupuncture activating method with type 1 manipulations in treating hypotonic cerebral palsy.Method Sixty patients with hypotonic cerebral palsy, aged 9-59 months, were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 30 cases in each group. The treatment group was intervened by ZHU Lian's acupuncture activating method with type 1 manipulations, while the control group was intervened by acupoint injection of vitamin B1 and B12. The two groups were treated once a day, 5 sessions as a treatment course. The Gross Motor Function Measure-88 (GMFM-88) was evaluated before the treatment and after 10 treatment courses.Result The GMFM-88 score was significantly changed after the treatment in both groups (P<0.05). After the intervention, the GMFM-88 score in the treatment group was significantly different from that in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion ZHU Lian's acupuncture activating method is an effective approach in treating hypotonic cerebral palsy.