[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the effects of long-term aerobic exercise on the heart and sympathetic neural remodeling ( structure and function remodeling) in heart failure rats induced by myocardial infarction.METHODS:Heart failure model after myocardial infarction was performed by ligating anterior descending coronary artery in the Wistar rats. Four weeks after operation, the rats were randomly divided into sham operation sedentary ( S) group, heart failure sedenta-ry ( H) group and heart failure exercise ( HE) group.The animals in HE group underwent 10-week treadmill running, while those in S group and H group were sustained in a resting state.The cardiac structure and function including left ven-tricular internal diameter at diastole ( LVIDd) , left ventricular internal diameter at systole ( LVIDs) , left ventricular anteri-
or wall diameter at diastole (LVAWDd), left ventricular anterior wall diameter at systole (LVAWDs), left ventricular pos-terior wall diameter at diastole ( LVPWDd) and left ventricular posterior wall diameter at systole ( LVPWDs) , and cardiac function parameters including fractional shortening (FS) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were measured by echocardiography.The myocardium was collected for histopathological observation with Masson staining, and the collagen volume fraction ( CVF) was determined.The concentrations of norepinephrine ( NE) in the myocardium and plasma were measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography.The frequency domain analysis was applied for determining the heart rate variability (HRV) via subcutaneous recording electrode involving total power (TP), normalized low power (LFn), nor-malized high power ( HFn) and LF/HF ratio.The mRNA expression of collagen type I ( Col-I) , collagen type III ( Col-III) , atrial natriuretic factor ( ANF) ,α-myosin heavy chain (α-MHC) ,β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC) , sarcoplasmic endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a) was detected by real-time PCR.The protein levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and its receptor (TrkA), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were measured by Western blotting.RESULTS:(1) Compared with S group, body weight ( BW) , LVIDd, FS, LVEF, TP, HFn, the mRNA expression ofα-MHC and SER-CA2a, and the protein levels of NGF, TrkA and TH decreased (P<0.05).Left ventricular weight (LVW), left ventricu-lar mass index (LVMI), LVAWDd, LVAWDs, LVPWDd, LVPWDs, CVF, plasma and myocardial NE content, LFn, LF/HF, and the mRNA expression of ANF,β-MHC, Col-I and Col-III increased ( P<0.05) in H group.(2) Compared with H group, LVW, LVMI, LVIDd, FS, LVEF, TP, HFn, the mRNA expression ofα-MHC and SERCA2a, and the pro-tein levels of NGF, TrkA and TH were raised (P<0.05), while CVF, plasma and myocardial NE content, LFn, LF/HF, and the mRNA expression of ANF, β-MHC, Col-I and Col-III decreased ( P<0.05 ) in HE group.CONCLUSION:Long-term aerobic exercise training leads to inhibition of heart and sympathetic neural remodeling and improvement of cardi-ac function and autonomic modulation in the rats after myocardial infarction.

Aiming to improve the quality of teaching international students and enhance the international cooperation of medical teaching,this article discusses the teaching to international students from the aspects such as enhancing the recognition,breaking through language communication obstacles,careful preparation and teaching,and strict regular management by combining practice and research obtained from recent years of international student teaching.

AIM: To evaluate the efficiency of buflomedil hydrochloride injection (Buf) in the treatment of the damage of peripheral nerve induced by diabetes (DPN). METHODS: 28 patients with DPN were given Buf (150 mg?d -1 , iv gtt) and another 28 patients were used routine therapy. The treatments lasted for 15 d. RESULTS: The total efficiency rate was 96.5 % in Buf group, while it was 57.1 % in routine therapy group (P

In surgery operations, wound should be cleaned with warm sterilized saline solution. In order to reach rapidly warming the washing solution from the room temperature during the surgery, we designed a thermostatic medical infusion pump. The present paper mainly presents researches on the two temperature control methods in the standby mode and in the flushing mode of the system. In the standby mode, the traditional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control algorithm was adopted. In the flushing mode, dynamic characteristics of the system was changed in real time, which made the thermostatic control process more complex, and the fitted control function combined with the PID control algorithm was adopted in this mode. The temperature control parameters were adjusted in real time according to the initial temperature and the flow rate of the washing solution to obtain a constant temperature of the washing solution, no matter how the initial temperature and the flow rate are changed. The experiment results showed that this kind of control system performed well with a high accuracy.
Algorithms ; Equipment Design ; Infusion Pumps ; Sodium Chloride ; Solutions ; Temperature

BACKGROUND:Individuals with different vertical facial types have different chin morphologies. For the individuals with different vertical facial types, what is the most beautiful chin morphology?
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of vertical facial types and chin morphology on facial profile attractiveness.
METHODS:Three beautiful females were selected, including one with high mandibular angle, one with average angle and one with low angle. Their facial profile photographs were taken. A series of new pictures were generated by the smal scale (2 mm per unit) modification of soft tissue chin in the sagittal direction and vertical direction. Raters consisting of 17 orthodontists and 35 laypersons were selected for aesthetic ratings, in order to evaluate the facial profile attractiveness of the individuals with different vertical facial types.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There was no esthetic difference of vertical change in female with high angle;while slightly protrude chin was perceived to be more beautiful than retruded chin. For the female with average angle, lower chin was more attractive than higher chin;slightly protruded chin was beautiful than excessive protruded chin and retruded chin. For the individual with low angle, higher chin was preferred by raters;slightly protruded chin was more beautiful than excessive protruded chin and retruded chin.The results indicate that the effects of vertical facial types and chin morphology to facial profile attractiveness are different. In clinical orthodontic, vertical facial types should be taking into consideration to change the chin morphology of the patents, in order to obtain better profile attractiveness.

Objective To investigate the relationships between occupational coping self-efficacy, job stress and core competence of nurses. Methods A total of 493 registered nurses were recruited in the survey with the Chinese nurse job stressors scale, occupational coping self-efficacy scale for nurses and competency inventory for registered nurse (CIRN). The correlations were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis. Results The total scores on occupational coping self-efficacy, job stress of nurses and core competence of nurses were (31.94 ± 6.39), (90.29 ± 17.41) and (159.93 ± 34.31), respectively. Nurses′occupational coping self-efficacy negatively correlated with (r=-0.267, P<0.01) and positively correlated with the core competence of nurses (r=0.355, P<0.01). Conclusions The occupational coping self-efficacy of the nurses can be improved by successful experiencing, verbal persuasion and positive feedback. In this way, nurses core competence can be enhanced and their job stress can be relieved and consequently the quality of nursing can be enhanced.

Objective To develop a recognition method of liver steatosis degree on type-B ultrasonic images based on multi-fractal spectrum texture analysis method and pattern recognition. Methods Features of singularity strength width and multi-spectrum area were extracted from the curve of multi-fractal spectrum of each liver ultrasonic images. These two features and the feature of mean intensity ratio comprised a three-dimensional feature vector, which would be classified by BP neural network. Results The classification accuracy was 96.00% for normal liver, 80.00% for mild fatty liver, 88.00% for moderate fatty liver and 92.00% for severe fatty liver. Conclusion Feature vector combined with BP neural network can identify the steatosis degree of liver on the ultrasonic images and can be used as an assistant diagnostic method.

Objective To investigate the gait differences among patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment(AD-MCI) and the person with normal cognitive function,and analyze the reasons for the abnormal gait.Methods Eighty patients were included and divided into 3 groups according to the cognitive status:noncognitive impairment (NCI group,n =30),patients with mild cognitive impairment (AD-MCI group,n =29),Alzheimer's disease (AD group,n =21).The mini-mental state examination (MMSE),the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA),Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (ACE-R),the connection test (TMT-A),Digit Span Test(DST),activities of daily living questionnaire(ADL) and associated gait and balance scale (5 times sit to stand test (FTSTT),3 m walking test (TUG),Berg balance scale) were used to evaluate all research objects in each group.Results There were significant differences in NCI group compared with AD-MCI group and AD group in terms of FTSTT,TUG,Berg balance Scale and leg speed((9.59±2.39) s vs.(13.71±4.65) s vs.(14.15±4.20) s,(7.70±1.58) s vs.(11.13±3.02) s vs.(11.35±4.43) s,(54.20±1.56) points vs.(48.17±4.93) points vs.(48.10±5.46) points,(82.12±22.79) cm/s vs.(57.49± 14.89) cm/s vs.(57.70±14.68) cm/s;P＜0.05).There were significant differences in NCI group compared with AD-MCI group and AD group in terms of MMSE,MoCA,ACE-R,TMT-A,DST((28.67±1.27) points vs.(26.76±2.59) points vs.(21.86±5.29) points,(26.03±2.58) points vs.(22.39±5.05) points vs.(16.90±5.05) points,(85.80±5.90) points vs.(78.03±7.58) points vs.(60.95± 13.99) points,(12.66±5.36) s vs.(18.99 ± 11.46) s vs.(30.49±26.98)s,(18.60±4.64) points vs.(15.94±4.76) points vs.(12.86±5.23) points;P ＜0.05).Conclusion Gait disorder might be an early sign for cognitive impairment.

Objective To investigate the effect of apatinib on the proliferation,apoptosis and migration of pancreatic cancer cell line AsPC-1 in vitro.Methods Pancreatic cancer AsPC-1 cells were treated by apatinib in different concentrations.Cell proliferation and apoptosis were measured by CCK-8 and flow cytometry,and the effect of apatinib on cell migration ability was observed by wound healing assay.Results In control and 10,20,30,40 and 50umol/L apatinib treatment group,the inhibitory rates of AsPC-1 cells were 0,(1.45 ±0.68)％,(16.92±0.70)％,(23.84±0.84)％,(34.35±1.55)％ and (37.33± 0.81) ％,respectively.Cell proliferation was obviously inhibited by apatinib as the concentration increased,and the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).In control and 20,40 umol/L apatinib treatment group,the apoptotic rates were (9.44 ± 0.18) ％,(16.62 ± 0.19) ％ and (25.42 ± 0.41) ％,respectively.Number of apoptotic cells was obviously increased by apatinib as the concentration increased,and the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).In control and 20,40 umol/L apatinib treatment group,the migration ability was (29.5 ± 0.7) ％,(17.4 ± 0.9) ％ and (6.6 ± 0.5) ％,which was greatly decreased as the concentration increased,and the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Apatinib can effectively inhibit the proliferation and migration of pancreatic cancer AsPC-1 cells and induce apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of serum procalcitonin (PCT) in diagnosis of urinary tract infection(UTI) in elderly patients.Methods 114 elderly patients with UTI in the department of infectious diseases of a hospital from January 2013 to December 2014 were analyzed retrospectively, clinical data of patients with abnormal and normal serum PCT were compared, PCT levels in patients with positive and negative blood cultures were compared, PCT receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the diagnosis of bacteremia were drawn.Results Among 114 elderly patients with UTI, 46 were with abnormal PCT, 68 were with normal PCT.In abnormal PCT group, the proportions of patients with highest body temperature within 24 hours of admission, white blood cell count, neutrophil granulocyte percentage, C-reactive protein (CRP), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), creatinine(Cr), and urinary tract obstructive disease were all higher than those with normal PCT (all P<0.05).Among 42 patients with blood culture, PCT level in positive blood culture group(n=12) was higher than negative blood culture group(n=30)(1.93 [0.57-8.32] μg/L vs 0.36[0.15-1.01]μg/L, P=0.028).The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the patients with bacteremia diagnosed by PCT was 0.72(95%CI:0.54-0.90),at the optimal value of 0.52 g/L, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 83.3%, 63.3%, 47.6%, and 90.5% respectively.Conclusion Serum PCT level can well reflect the severity of elderly patients with UTI, and is of great value in early diagnosis of bacteremia in elderly patients with UTI.