Gastrointestinal motility disorders are commonly seen digestive system diseases in elderly subjects. During the process of normal aging,digestive tract experiences a series of degenerative changes,which is the foundation of many gastrointestinal motility disorders. Further study on gastrointestinal dysmotility and its mechanisms is of great significance for the diagnosis and treatment of related diseases in aging population. In this article,the advances in studies on effects of aging on motility of digestive tract( including oropharynx,esophagus,stomach,small bowel,colon and anorectum)and its mechanism researches were reviewed.

The occurrence and outcome of cancer is related to the involved gene;Detecting the expres-sion of gene in body by the real-time PCR technology can diagnose and evaluate the prognosis of patients early. Through analyzing the abnormal genes and molecular,designing and studying the targeted drugs can achieve the therapeutic effect of steady,accurate,relentless,at the same time to reduce side effects and to improve the quality of life.

Objective To establish HPLC method for assaying total flavonoids from the roots of Daphne genkwa(TFRD) in serum of mice and to elucidate the effect of mice serum containing TFRD on cell immunity in mice.Methods TFRD Concentration in serum was determined from the mice received single ig TFRD at certain time intervals using HPLC method.The effects of TFRD serum on lymphocyte proliferation,killing activities of NK and LAK cell,and phagocytic activity of macrophage were detected by MTT method.Results TFRD in serum reached its highest concentration in 20—30 min after ig admi-(nistration.) TFRD-containing serum significantly improved the proliferation of lymphocyte,enhanced the killing activities of NK and LAK cells,and enforced the phagocytic activity of macrophage.Conclusion(TFRD-)containing serum is an effective agents for enhancing cell immunity in mice.

Objective To summarize our experience in management of infected femoral artery pseudoaneurysm caused by addictive drugs injection.Methods Clinical data of 45 cases of infeted femoral artery pseudoaneursysm were reviewed retrospectively.When infected femoral artery pseudoaneurysm was diagnosed,the femoral artery or external iliac artery was ligated and the pseudoaneurysm was resected in all of cases.Anticoagulants and antibiotics were used after operation.Results Lower limbs were salvaged in 44 patients.The ambulation function of affected limb was fine in the short-term.One limb was amputated because of lower limb deep venous thrombosis and gangrene.Thirty-four patients(75.6%) were followed up for 3-12 months,the results were satisfactory.Conclusions Femoral artery or external iliac artery ligation is an effective procedure for management of infected femoral artery pseudoaneurysm.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze and summarize clinical characteristic, treatment scheme and survival rate of primary melanom in nasal cavity and sinus. METHOD: We retrospectively analyzed the 9 patients with primary melanom in nasal cavity and sinus who in data proceed were treated and reviewed the related literature. RESULT: Among the 9 patients, the clinical main symptoms are rhinostegnosis of lateral nasal and intermittent nasal bleeding. Pathologic examination is mainly characterized by tumor cells abnormity and cytoplasm containing pigment or without pigment, and main diagnosis basis is some or all of the positive for HMB45, S-100, melan-A. The survival rate are 88.9% (8/9) of 1-year, 66.7% (6/9) of 3-year and 33.3% (3/9) of 5-year. CONCLUSION The incidence of primary melanom in nasal cavity and sinusis is not frequent in clinic and confirmed by immunohistochemical. The extensive radical excision of focus and combine adjuvant radiotherapy postoperative may improve the survival rate of patients.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Melanoma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Cavity ; Nose Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVE To summarize the clinical characteristics,diagnositic and therapeutic strategies of severe cytomegaloviral (CMV) pneumonia after kidney transplantation. METHODS To analyze retrospectively pertinent clinical information of 6 cases of severe cytomegaloviral pneumonia after kidney transplantation, including developing process of disease, clinical manifestation of pre-and post-hospitalization ,various assistant examination,therapeutic procedures and prognosis. RESULTS 6 cases had similar characters of episode as follows:CMV pneumonia occurred after 1～3 months after kidney transplantation. Major clinical symptoms included fever, coughing,few sputum without obvious manifestation of breathholding.Peripheral white blood cell was normal or less than normal range, serum CMVpp65 was finally positive during hospital stay. Radiological image of the lung presented inflammatory infiltration and obvious interstitial lesion after 7～10 days of fever, which went worse rapidly. Renal function descended with deterioration of pulmonary infection. All of patients had been treated with multiple antibiotics,glucocorticoid and mechanical ventilation, Etiological diagnosis of the 3th～6th cases were earlier than 1th～2th cases , the 3th～6th cases who finally survived were treated with longer and higher doses of antivirus and glucocorticoid, than 1th～2th cases who died of refractory hypoxemia and acute renal failure during hospital stay. CONCLUSIONS Severe cytomegaloviral pneumonia had similar clinical characteristics of episode. early diagnosis of etiology,continuous application of antivirus and glucocorticoid were crucial for Severe cytomegaloviral pneumonia after kidney transplantation.

Objective:To investigate Cinnamic aldehyde effects on expression of E-cadherin and MMP-9 and proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells,and explore the possible mechanism of Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling transduction.Methods:After co-cultured with Cinnamic aldehyde at the concentration of 0,10,20 and 40 μg/ml for 24 h,48 h and 72 h respectively,A549 cells were tested for their proliferation by MTT assay;E-cadherin and MMP-9 level in the supernatant by ELISA;expression of E-cadherin and MMP-9 mRNA by realtime-PCR with SYBR GreenⅠ;and protein expression by Western blot.Results: ①Cinnamic adehyde with concentration at 10 μg/ml would inhibited proliferation of A 549 cells after 24 hours′treatment;with concentration at 10, 20 and 40μg/ml can affect the proliferation significantly ( P<0.05 );with concentration of 40μg/ml cinnamic adehyde for 72 h,the re-markably inhibition of proliferation in A 549 cells was observed , the highest inhibitory rate was ( 93.782 ±5.036 )%.②Cinnamic aldehyde also increased migration rate of A 549 cells.③Expression of components on Hedgehog signaling pathway in A 549 was higher than that in human HBE cells.Cinnamic aldehyde could increase further upregulate of components expression in Hedgehog signaling pathway of A549 cells.④Secretion level of E-cadherin,mRNA and protein were decreased in A549 cells co-cultured with Cinnamic al-dehyde,while secretion level of MMP-9,mRNA and protein level in A549 cells co-cultured with cinnamic aldehyde were increased.Pre-treatment with 2 nmol/ml cyclopamine,an increasing of secretion level of E-cadherin ,mRNA and protein level in A549 cells was observed,decreasing of secretion level of E-cadhein,mRNA and protein level was also observed in A 549 cells.Conclusion:Cinnamic aldehyde inhibits the proliferation in a time-and dose-dependent manner and effected expression of E-cadherin and MMP-9 through sonic hedgehog signaling pathway in lung adenocarcinoma A 549 cells.

AIM: To study the effect and mechanism of chlorophyllin (CHL) inhibiting HT29 cells. METHODS: IC 50 value and growth curve of HT29 cells were detected with MTT method. Apoptosis was detected with Wright-Giemsa staining, FCM and DNA electrophoresis. Telomerase was detected by PCR-ELISA, and protein and mRNA expression of COX-2 gene were detected through RT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS: CHL inhibited the growth of HT29 in a dose-dependent manner. CHL blocked HT29 cells in G 1 phase but did not induce apoptosis. Different concentration of CHL inhibits the expression of telomerase and COX-2 in HT29 cells. CONCLUSION: CHL inhibits the growth of HT29 cells by inhibiting the expression of telomerase and COX-2 and blocking cells in G 1 phase. [

Objective To evaluate the methods,applicability and results of cndovascular therapy for Stanford type B aortic dissection.Methods The clinical data of 36 cases of Stanford type B aortic dissection were analysed retrospectively.The stent-grafts were introduced via femoral arteriotomy.Stent-grafts were implanted to blockade tears of aortic dissection under the guidance of DSA.Results In all cases,the aortic dissection tears were blockaded,true lumens were opened,and organs function was restored.There were not complications such as internal hemorrhage due to trauma or stent displacement on CTA 3 and 12 months after endovascular therapywhile 2 cases developed new tears.The caliber of the 36 true lumens was restored to near normal.Twenty-two pseudocoeloms were obliterated,while the others were reduced is size and had varying degrees of thrombosis.Conclusions Endovascular thcrapy is safe and effectivc for the patients with Stanford type B aortic dissection.Its clinical application has a favorable outlook.

Objective To investigate the changes of liver histology and ultrastructure in aged Beagles dogs.Methods A total of fifteen healthy Beagles,1 .5 to 10.6 years old,were divided into middle-aged group (n=8,average (2.21 ±0.94)years old)and aged group (n=7,average (8.26±1 .52) years old)according to age.After intravenous anesthesia,the liver tissues of dogs were taken to compare number and morphology of hepatocytes and extra cellular matrix (ECM)of two groups under light microscope with hematoxylin-eosin staining.The number density, morphology and area fraction of mitochondria,the morphology and area fraction of endoplasmic reticulum,the changes of number density and morphology of microbody,the thickness of hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cell as well as the density and the diameter of fenestrae,the changes of morphology and number of lipofuscin in two groups were compared under electron microscope.Independent sample t-test was performed for comparison between two groups.Results Under light microscope,hepatocytes were arranged radially around the central veins,especially obvious in the middle aged group. Hepatocytes were circular or oval,most were mononuclear or binuclear.The cytoplasma of hepatocyte in middle-aged group was dense eosinophilic pink.Vacuolar lipid droplets were small and scanty.The cell boundary was clear.In aged group, cytoplasmic vacuolization of hepatocyte was more obvious,bigger vacuolated lipid droplets were observed, eosinophillic granules were scattered in the cytoplasma,cellular boundary was blurry and the number of hepatocytes significantly decreased when compared with middle-aged group ((75 .80 ±5 .76 )/high power field (HPF)vs (97.80 ±6.45 )/HPF,t = -2.510,P =0.026 ).There were no obvious infiltration of inflammatory cells in the liver tissue of Beagles dogs in both middle-aged group and aged group.Compared with middle aged group, cell gap and ECM increased in aged group. Under electron microscope, mitochondria of normal hepatocyte was oval,round or horseshoe-shaped with double membranes,ridge was observed inside and distributed around nucleus.Compared with middle-aged group,the shape of hepatocyte mitochondria in aged group was varied,the number density of mitochondria significantly decreased (0.202±0.021 vs 0.248 ±0.040,t = -2.683,P =0.020)and the area fraction remarkably reduced (0.136 ±0.015 vs 0.202 ±0.019,t = -6.083,P <0.01 ).Endoplasmic reticulum was mesh laminated arranged,scattered flake distributed and was mostly seen around nucleus in flat or stacked shape.Compared with middle aged group,the area fraction of endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocyte in aged group was obviously reduced (0.006±0.001 vs 0.011 ±0.004,t=-3.338,P =0.005).Lipofuscin was shaped as round or irregular structure without membrane and pigment unevenly distributed inside.The number of lipofuscin in aged group was significantly higher than that in middle-aged group (0.028±0.025 vs 0.001 ±0.000,t=2.880,P =0.014).The number of microbody in aged group was slightly less than that of middle aged group and the difference was not statistically significant (P =0.603).The thickness of the liver sinusoidal endothelium in aged group significantly increased compared with that in middle-aged group ((0.242±0.047)μm vs (0.114±0.075)μm,t=3.881 ,P =0.002).The diameter and density of endothelial fenestration in aged group ((1 .895 ± 0.439 )μm and (0.260 ± 0.120 )/μm)obviously decreased compared with those in middle-aged group ((3.186±0.332)μm and (0.723±0.184)/μm,t=6.345 and -4.511 ,both P <0.01).Conclusions There were significant degradations of liver in quality and quantity among aged individuals.These degradations were the structure basis of decreased hepatic reserve function and involved directly or indirectly in high prevelance of hepatic diseases among elders.