Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) is a common cardiovascular malformation because of atrioventricular septal (lower atrial septum, ventricular septal upper) and the endocardial cushion defect,resulting in abnormal chambers of the heart. At the present, although the embryology, pathophysiology,diagnosis and treatment of the AVSD are clarified, but its precise pathogenesis has still no breakthrough progress.With the wide application of molecular biology and the depth research of molecular genetics, a series of new progress about AVSD has been made in the genetic study, and some genes are confirmed to be related to the occurrence and development of AVSD. The aim of this article is to review and discuss genetic mechanisms and related genes of AVSD, and to further identify the major genes causing AVSD.

AIM: To establish a HPLC method of determining prim-o-glucasylcimifugin and 5-o-methyl-visammiosode in Yinhua Ganmao Granules (Flos Lonicerae Japonicae, Radix Saposhnikovial, Fructus Forsythiae, etc.). METHODS: A Kromasil C_(18) column was used. The mobile phase was MeOH-Acetonitrile-H_2O(30∶15∶80). The detection wavelength was 254 nm. RESULTS: The linear range of prim-o-glucasylcimifugin was within 0.157 5-3.780 5 ?g(r=0.999 9), The linear range of 5-o-methylvisammiosode was within 0.164 4-3.945 6 ?g(r=0.999 8). The average recoveries(n=6) were 99.40% and 96.79%, respectively. RSD were 0.6% and 0.8% respectively. CONCLUSION: The method is simple, reliable, accurate and can be applied to the quality control of the preparation.

Objective To explore the relationship between Aspirin and relapsing hemorrhage after operation in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.Methods 612 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage were treated with craniotomy.The cases were divided into groups A and B according to non or yet used Aspirin long-term before onset of the cerebral hemorrhage.The rate of relapsing hemorrhage after operation,hematoma volume and rate of death were counted,and ADL scores were graded in 6 months follow-up survey.Results The rate of relapsing hemorrhage after operation was 12.1% in A group and 39.7% in B group.The hematoma volume was(41.3?20.6)ml in A group and(53.2?20.1)ml in B group.The rate of death was 13.4% in A group and 38.4% in B group.ADL scores grades was(67.05?26.2)in A group and(55.17?29.4)in B group by 6 months follow-up survey.There were significant differences between groups A and B ﹙allP

ObjectiveTo study the diagnostic value of serum type IV collagen(IV-C) in hepatic fibrosis. MethodsSerum IV-C levels were detected by using radioimmunoassay(RIA) and were compared with serum type Ⅲ procollagen(PCⅢ ) levels in normal controls(NC) and patients with chronic liver diseases. ResultsSerum IV-C and PCⅢ levels in patients with chronic liver diseases were all much higher than those in NC(P < 0.01, totally). Serum IV-C level in severe chronic hepa titis(CH) group was significantly higher than those in mild and median CH groups (P<0.01 total ly), and that in active liver cirrhosis(LC) group was significantly higher than that in static LC group (P＜0.05). There were significant positive correlation between serum IV-C level and serum PcⅢ level both in CH group and in LC group ( in CH γ=0.7023, in LC γ=0. 5878, P＜0. 001).Conclusion Serum IV-C level could reflect the activity of hepatic fibrogenesis.

?7nAChR, an important neurotransmitter recptor,is w il dly expressed in the central and peripheral neuronal system, which is involved i n neuronal signal transduction and the regulation of physiological functions in the central neuronal system. Several studies have demonstrated that ?7nAChR is identified in non-neuronal cells such as endothelial cells, vascular smooth mus cle cells, bronchial epithelial cells, skin keralinocytes and is involved in the regulation of mitosis,differentiation, organization of the cytoskeleton, cell -cell contact, locomotion and migration. These (in vitro and in vivo) s tudies indicated that ?7nAChR participated in the secretion and release of seve ral bioactivity molecules in endothelial cells, mediated intercellular signal tr ansduction, and regulated angiogenesis. These studies suggested an endogenous ch olinergic target for angiogenesis mediated by endothelial ?7nAChR.

Objective To measure and analyze the microstructures of the 5th cervical vertebra with micro CT.Methods Micro CT scans were obtained from the 5th cervical vertebra of bone specimens of 5 adult cadaver who aged 45 to 57 years old.The scanned data were reconstructed with the Inveon Research Workplace.After being reconstructed with the Inveon Research Workplace,3 regions of interest(50×50×50,pixe3) were chosen in a coronalplane so that the results of bone volume/total volume(BV/TV,%),bone surface area/bone volume ratio(BS/BV,mm-1),bone surface(BS,mm),trabecular thickness(Tb.Th,mm),and trabecular number(TN,mm-1) were measured.The characteristics of the bone trabecular structure and the nutrient foramina were analyzed,and the thickness of bone cortex and medullary cavity diameter were measured.Results Trabecular microstructures were obtained after 3D reconstruction of micro CT scans of the 5th cervical vertebra.The lamellar-like trabecular bone make up a complex net-like micro-construction combined with rod-shaped trabecular bones in all direction.There was no significant difference in BT/TV,BS/BV,Tb.Th,TN compared with the regions of interest of the 5th cervical vertebra (P>0.05).The thickness of bone cortex and medullary cavity diameter between different parts of the 5th cervical vertebra were of statistically significant difference (P<0.05).And the nutrient foramina were discovered.Conclusion High-resolution 3D images of the 5th cervical vertebra can be obtained with micro CT as so to analyze not only the bone micro-structures but also the finite element and so on.

Carbohydrate antigen-125 is a nonspecific tumor marker,which was used as an aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with ovarian cancer in the past.But recent studies find that CA-125 in patients with liver disease also has different expression levels.In this article,we review the expression levels,related mechanisms and the significance of CA-125 in different liver disease.

With the example analysis method, this paper discussed the feasibility of flipped class to permeate the medical ethics education into medical English teaching. Practice has proved that consciously combining lan-guage teaching with the medical ethics education on various modern networks teaching platform enabled students to foster a correct view of medical ethics and to be qualified medical workers.

Objective To compare the curative effects between minimally invasive and standard direct approach of pri?mary total hip arthroplasty (THA) in elderly patients. Methods One hundred and eighteen geratic patients with hip disease were divided into minimally invasive group (n=61) and standard group (n=57). All the patients were followed up from 15 months to 3 years. The length of incision, surgical duration, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage, number of blood transfusion, hospitalization time and the Harris hip scores were compared between two groups. Results The length of incision, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage, number of blood transfusion and hospitalization time were signifi?cantly lower in minimally invasive group than those in standard group, but the Harris hip scores were significantly higher 3 months after the operation in minimally invasive group than those in standard group (P<0.05). First intention wound healing was found in all patients in two groups. The postoperative complications were significantly lower in minimally invasive group than those in standard group (3.28%vs 15.79%, P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with standard incision of primary total hip arthroplasty , minimally invasive direct lateral approach has its advantages, including small surgical trauma, less hospitaliza?tion time, fewer complications, and which can help restore joint function quickly, making the curative effect satisfied in elderly patients.