BACKGROUND:The phenomenon of temporary ischemia of the tissues and organs caused by injury is common in the clinic. However, there are few studies on the treatment of ischemia/reperfusion injury. It is significant to investigate the effect of TanshinoneⅡA on improving uterine ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat model. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of TanshinoneⅡA intervention on improving uterine ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. METHODS:The rat models of uterine ischemia/reperfusion injury were established by suture method. The rats that were intraperitonealy injected with Sodium Tanshinone IIA Silate injection (20 mg/kg) at 5, 3, 1 days and 30 minutes before the operation were included in the experimental group. Model and sham operation groups were established for comparison. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Spectrophotometry and immunohistochemical staining results showed that at 1 and 3 hours of ischemia/reperfusion, the malondialdehyde concentration and Bax protein expression in the injuried rat uterine tissue were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and Bcl-2 protein expression were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the experimental group than in the model group. The results confirm that TanshinoneⅡA has a protective effect on uterine ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.

Constipation has become a common clinical symptom in the elderly. Many factors can result in constipation, including diet,physiological aging, lack of exercise, inappropriate medication, psychological factors, perianal disease, and so on. If the individualized, targetedand comprehensive care interventions that consist of health education, psychological intervention, dietary intervention, medicationguide, functional exercise, passive attention to bowel training and abdominal massage etc. are done well, it can decrease the incidence ofconstipation, reduce a variety of complications and adverse effects caused by the constipation and improve the quality of life in the elderly.So it has important clinical significance.

Objective To investigate comparative analysis of PKP and conservative treatment for old osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures ,to provide a reference for clinical treatment .Methods From January 2011 to March 2014 48 cases of OVCF patients were selected ,they were divided into two groups according to treatment which were observation group (26 cases) and con‐trol group (22 patients) ,control group with the implementation of conservative treatment ,observation group was implemented with surgical treatment for patients with PKP .Two groups of patients before and after treatment quality of life scores (SF‐36) ,pain vis‐ual analogue scale (VAS) ,Oswestry Disability Index and radiographic findings were compared .Results The observation group and the control group before and after treatment VAS scores were significantly different (F= 84 .393 ,P= 0 .019 ;F= 61 .388 ,P=0 .028);VAS score in observation group after treatment 1d ,6 months were significantly lower than the control group ,the difference was statistically significant (t= -18 .843 ,P=0 .000;t= -17 .174 ,P=0 .000);SF‐36 scores in the observation group was 85 .18 ± 8 .01 ,significantly higher than 74 .29 ± 6 .93 ,the difference was statistically significant (t=8 .569 ,P=0 .006);in observation group after treatment Oswestry disability scores compared with the control group ,the difference was statistically significant (t=6 .217 , P=0 .010);in the observation group after 1 d ,6 months the middle of vertebral height was (19 .72 ± 2 .44) mm ,(19 .70 ± 2 .17) mm ,were higher than before treatment ,the difference was statistically significant (F=23 .221 ,P=0 .028) .Conclusion PKP can improve pain and quality of life for patients ,which is worthy of clinical application .

Objective To investigate the clinical value of combined detection of H‐FABP with cTnI in the diagnosis of myo‐cardial damage caused by hypoglycemia .Methods Levels of blood H‐FABP and cTnI were examined at 0 to 3 h ,24 h ,48 h after hy‐poglycemia diagnosed ,and were compared with the control group .The levels of H‐FABP and cTnI at 24 h after hypoglycemia diag‐nosed were compared among different groups separated according to the decreasing extent of blood sugar (1 .0 to 2 .1 mmol/L ,<1 .0 mmol/L group) ,the duration of hypoglycemia (< 24 h ,≥ 24 h group) and clinical feature of hypoglycemia (symptom and no symptom group) .The sensitivity and specificity of H‐FABP and cTnI in myocardial damage was also statistical analyzed in this study . Results The statistic difference of the increasing H‐FABP levels was found for 0 to 3 h(P<0 .01) and 24 h (P<0 .01) ,but not found for 48 h(P>0 .05) .The statistic difference of the increasing cTnI levels existed for 24 h (P<0 .01) and 48 h (P<0 .01) ,but not for 0 to 3 h (P>0 .05) .The increasing extent of H‐FABP and cTnI levels was obvious for group with blood sugar <1 .0 mmol/L ,duration of hypoglycemia ≥24 h and have hypoglycemia symptom ,these data have obvious statistic difference compared with other groups(P<0 .05 ,P<0 .01 ,P<0 .01) .The sensitivity and specificity of H‐FABP methods were higher than those of cTnI ac‐cording to the 0 to 3 h and 24 h detection data ,while the opposite result was found for 48 h .Conclusion Combined detection of H‐FABP with cTnI could be well applied in the diagnosis of myocardial damage caused by hypoglycemia .

Objective To study characters of pathology associated with functional alteration of primary brainstem injury (PBI) at different injury severities in rabbits .Methods Animal model of graded PBI was produced using rabbits .Animals were di‐vided into five groups ,group Ⅰ to Ⅳ with an increase of impact power ,10 cases in each group ,and the control group with 5 cases . The pathology characters of PBI were investigated combining dissection observation with unaided eye ,tissue HE histochemical stai‐ning and electron microscope .Results Slight brainstem injury were observed in group Ⅰ ,and pathological results showed regional subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) ,stripping of regional cerebral pia mater ,a few petechial hemorrhage in surface ,nerve cell edema , normal medulla sheath and axon roughly .The brainstem injuries were apparent in group Ⅱ ,and the pathological changes indicated SAH in sheet ,petechial and sheeted hemorrhage in surface ,and slight swelling and vacuoles in nerve cells .The brainstem injuries were observed obviously in group Ⅲ ,exhibiting thick SAH ,petechial and sheeted hemorrhage in surface and inside ,degeneration of nerve cells ,abruption of axon ,and atrophy of axoplasm .Eight of ten animals died of respiratory depression induced by brainstem in‐jury in group Ⅳ ,presenting thick hemorrhage in subarachnoid surrounding brainstem ,the whole brainstem injured ,microscopically with multiple small hemorrhage ,nerve cells only residual nuclei ,myelin lamellar severe stratification and fracture ,and axonal tran‐section ,disintegration .No abnormal pathological changes were shown in control group .Conclusion The impacts to brainstem with higher powers lead to more manifest functional and more severe pathological changes ,with an alternation of injury location from surface to deep .

Objective: To find out the pathomechanism of low back and leg pain related to intervertebral disc. Methods: The nucleus pulposus of coccygeal vertebral was transplanted to the cavum epidurale of rats to establish the non-compressive model with transplanted nucleus pulposus. The evoke potentials and morphology of nerve roots were observed. Results: Even without mechanical compression, rats transplanted with nucleus pulposus resulted in significant harm to evoked potential and morphology of cauda equina. Conclusion: The biomechanical and/or immunologic inflammatory effect of nucleus pulposus can result in nerve roots injury and is an important factor in the pathogenesis of low back and leg pain.

Objective To explore the influences of plumbagin on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/ protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway in rats with carbon tetrachloride induced liver fibrosis.Methods Forty male SD rats were assigned to control group,model group,2 mg/kg plumbagin treated group and 3 mg/kg plumbagin treated group,with 10 rats in each group.Rats of the control group were injected with 0.9％ NaCl solution (2 mL/kg) intraperitoneally,while rats of the other three groups were injected with 60％ carbon tetrachloride/peanut oil (2 mL/kg,3 times a week for 6 weeks) intraperitoneally.Since the third week after modeling,rats of plumbagin treated groups were treated with intraperitoneal injection of plumbagin at a dose of 2 mg/kg and 3 mg/kg (twice a week for 4 weeks),respectively.Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),albumin (Alb) were monitored routinely.Hyaluronic acid (HA) and laminin (LN) were measured by radioimmunoassay after 6 weeks; protein expression of liver PI3K,Akt and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) were evaluated by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry,respectively.Comparison of means among groups was performed by univariate analysis of variance.Results The hepatic fibrosis model was successfully established after 6 weeks.Serum levels of ALT,AST,HA and LN of model group were significantly higher than those of control group (all P＜0.05).Serum levels of ALT,AST,HA and LN of 2 mg/kg plumbagin treated group and 3 mg/kg plumbagin treated group were significantly lower than those of model group,and the differences were statistically significant (all P＜0.05).The protein expressions of PI3K and Akt in each group were comparable (all P＞0.05).The p-Akt protein was mainly expressed in nucleus of hepatocytes.The levels of p-Akt protein in control group,model group,2 mg/kg plumbagin treated group and 3 mg/kg plumbagin treated group were 0.0821±0.0003,0.7374±0.0037,0.3679 ±0.0332 and 0.1327±0.0561,respectively,and that in model group was significantly higher than control group (t =851.302,P＜0.05),but those in plumbagin treated groups were both lower than model group (t=71.858 and 28.363,all P＜0.05).Conclusions Plumbagin presents anti-fibrotic effects in the liver,by down-regulating the expression of p-Akt during the development of fibrosis,which might be one of the antifibrotic mechanisms.

Objective To monitor the levels of NO and IL-18 in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), to explore the relation of NO, IL-18 and HIE. Methods HIE infants admitted in our hospital from January to Novermber of 2007 were taken as observation group and normal neonates were chosen as control group. In each group,the concentrations of NO and IL-18 were tested on 1 day,3 days,7 days and 14 days. Results On the first day after birth,the levels of serum NO and IL-18 in control group were (6.40±4.24) μmol/L and (2.84± 2.53)ng/L,in mild HIE group were (21.55±7.23) μmoL/L and (6.79±1.96) ng/L,in moderate HIE group were (33.38±2.81) μmol/L and (14.07±2.91) ng/L,in severe HIE group were (66.39±18.03) μmoL/L and (26.85±9.82) ng/L. The levels of serum NO and IL-18, in HIE groups were higher than those in control group (P<0.01), were much higher in patients with moderate and severe HIE than those with mild HIE (P<0.01). On 14 days,the levels of serum No and IL-18 were not different in moderate HIE groups and those in the control group (P>0.05), butwere higher in the severe HIE groups than those in the control group [NO and IL-8 level: (5.38± 4.79) μmol/L and (2.39±1.41) ng/L in control group and (24.89±9.43) μmol./L and (13.43±3.23) ng/L in severe HIE group(P<0.01)]. Conclusion NO and IL-18 are involved in the whole course of HIE, which are correlated with the severity of condition. They may be acted as indicators in monitoring pationts' conditon.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects and safety of erythropoietin on nerve function and brainstem auditory evoked potential in the preterm children with brain damage. METHODS:46 preterm children with brain damage were randomly di-vided into treatment group and control group,with 23 cases in each group. Control group received conventional symptomatic treat-ment as respiratory support,nutritional support,vitamin K supplement and ganglioside. Treatment group was additionally given rhE-PO for injection (CHO cell) 500 IU/kg hypodermically,3 times a week,on the basis of control group. Both group received 3-4 weeks of treatment continuously. MDI,PDI,the content of serum nerve injury factor(NSE,S-100β),latent period and peak inter-val of brainstem auditory evoked potential were compared between 2 groups before and after treatment,and the occurrence of ADR was observed in 2 groups. RESULTS:There was no statistical significance in MDI,PDI,the content of serum nerve injury mole-cule,latent period and peak interval of brainstem auditory evoked potential between 2 groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment,MDI and PDI of 2 groups increased significantly,while the content of serum nerve injury factor,latent period and peak interval of brainstem auditory evoked potential decreased significantly;the treatment group was better than the control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). No obvious ADR was found in 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS:Erythropoietin can significantly im-prove intelligence development,protect the damaged nerve cells and auditory nerve pathways with good safety.

Objective: Acute pancreatitis(AP) often impairs peripancreatic tissues and involves more distant organs,such as the liver,which would exacerbate the progression of the disease.This study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics of acute pancreatitis-associated liver injury.Methods: We randomly retrieved 156 cases of AP from the medical records retrieval system of Jinling Hospital,of which 102 were complicated by liver injury.The latter were divided into a severe AP(n=44) and a mild AP group(n=58) for comparative analysis of the severity of liver injury and time of recovery.Results: Liver injury occurred in 65.38% of the AP patients,and it was more serious,had a longer disease course and took more time to recover in the severe than in the mild AP group.Conclusion: The incidence and severity of acute pancreatitis-associated liver injury are positively correlated with the severity of acute pancreatitis.