Objective To evaluate the effect of intrathecal administration of ?-conopeptide SO3 on inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)expression of spinal cord and the ligated sciatic nerve in a rat model with chronic constriction injury(CCI).Methods 40 male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 10 animals each.Rats in the N group served as controls;in group C 4 loose ligatures were placed around the right sciatic nerve for 14 days;in group CN,normal saline 1?l/h was injected intrathecally slowly for 7 days seven days after the ligation;in group CS,?-conopeptide SO3 30ng/h was administered intrathecally slowly for 7 days seven days after the ligature.Local expression of iNOS was assayed in samples taken from injured nerves(between and distal to the CCI site)and the spinal cord using Western blotting analysis,with GAPDH as an internal reference.Results A 130 kDa band,corresponding to iNOS protein was detected in the middle and distal sections of the injured nerves and the spinal cord.The iNOS immunoreactivity was inhibited by continuous intrathecal injection of ?-conopeptide SO3.There was no difference in the expression of iNOS between group CN and group C.Conclusion The expression of iNOS in the spinal cord and injured nerves of CCI rats was enhanced.Intrathecal injection of ?-conopeptide SO3 can inhibit the expression of iNOS.The data suggested that N-type calcium channel blocker took part in the expression of iNOS.

Objective:To observe the clinical effects of integrated disease and TCM syndrome on patients with second degree atrioventricular block.Methods:Because of the lentor cardiac rhythm characteristics of econd degree atrioventricular block,the herbs which had the effect in increasing cardiac rhythm were selected and were used in combination of clinical syndrome differentiation to treat 35 cases of second degree atrioventricular block.Results:The total effective rate was 88.6%.Conclusion:Integrated differentiation of disease and TCM syndrome had significant effects on second degree atrioventricular block.

Objective To study the mechanism of insulin resistance in obesity, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes. Methods Insulin sensitivity index (SI), glucose effectiveness (S G) and insulin secretory function of ? islet cells were assessed by the reduced sample number of Bergman's minimal model method with frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test in patients with obesity, IGT and type 2 diabetes as well as in the controls. Body mass index (BMI) and waist hip ratio (WHR) were determined in four groups. Results SI and S G were significantly higher in the controls than those in the IGT and type 2 diabetes patients. The S G in obesity group was nearly the same as that in the controls, but its SI was significantly lower. The area under curve 1 (AUC 1) of insulin in the controls was smaller than that in obesity and IGT (P

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of the self-retaining laryngeal microsurgical operation in the treatment of Reinke ’ s edema of vocal cords . Methods There were 24 cases of Reinke ’ s edema who were treated with self-retaining laryngoscope mucosal stripping surgery of vocal cords from January 2004 to December 2009 ( traditional group ) , while another group of 32 cases of Reinke ’ s edema were treated with self-retaining laryngoscopic microsurgery lateral submucosal incision micro-flap operation of vocal cords from January 2010 to December 2015 ( laryngeal microsurgery group ) .The two groups were executed with electronic laryngoscopy and subjective voice evaluation GRBAS ( The Speech and Language Institute of Japanese in 1979, G: Grade, R:Roughness, B:Breathness, A:Asthenia, S:Strain) in pre-operation and post-operation (1 week, 3 weeks, 8 weeks).The wound healing time of vocal cords , hoarseness improved time and voice improvement were retrospectively compared between the two groups . Results The patients in laryngeal microsurgery group had earlier voice hoarse improvement and more rapid mucosal epithelial of vocal cords recovery time in post-operation as compared with the patients in the traditional group [voice improving time, (7.3 ±1.9) d vs. (11.3 ±2.7) d, t=-6.481, P=0.000;mucosal epithelial of vocal cords recovery time , (12.2 ±3.1) d vs.(20.1 ±3.4) d, t=-9.062, P=0.000].The results of pre-operative voice evaluation with GRBAS showed no significant differences between the two groups, but the results of post-operative evaluation of each session (1 week, 3 weeks, 8 weeks) showed that the main data were statistically different.The GRBAS score of laryngeal microsurgery group was lower than that of traditional group in post -operation, especially after 8 weeks (8 weeks after post-operation, G:1.0 ±0.8 vs.1.6 ±0.2, t=-3.584, P=0.000; R:1.0 ±0.9 vs. 1.5 ±0.4, t=-2.536, P=0.014;B:1.0 ±0.6 vs.1.4 ±0.5, t=-2.647, P=0.011).In laryngeal microsurgery group, 24 cases were cured , 5 cases were effective and 3 cases were invalid , contrasting in the traditional group with 11 cases of cured , 7 cases of effective and 6 cases of invalid respectively, with a significant difference (Z=-2.239, P=0.025).No significant difference in effective rate between the two groups [90.6%(29/32) vs.75.0%(18/24),χ2 =1.459, P=0.227]. Conclusion The clinical efficacy of self-retaining laryngoscope microsurgery in the treatment of Reinke ’ s edema of vocal cords is faster and better comparing traditional operation , with a more significant pronunciation quality improvement .

Objective: To make comparative study on serum gastrin(SG) and gastrin secretory cell(G-cell) in gastric antrum(GA) of three rat models of syndrome of deficiency of spleen-QI.Methods: Animals were randomly divided into four groups in terms of control group,rhubarb group,double factors group(combination of rhubarb method and swimming exhausting energy method) and triple factors group(combination of rhubarb method,swimming exhausting energy method and starvation method).The indexes such as Serum gastrin and G-cell in gastric antrum(GA) et al were detected.Results: Compared with control group,the variances of above-mentioned indexes in double factors group and triple factors group have statistical significance(P

Objective: To explore the effect of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction(BZYQD) with various concentrations at different time points on serum gastrin in spleen-qi deficiency rats.Methods: Spleen-qi deficiency syndrome was induced in rats by compound methods which including rhubarb method,swimming exhausting and hunger method.Spleen-qi deficiency rats were randomly divided into the model control group and the low,medium and high dosage of BZYQD groups,and Decoction of Four Mild Drugs(DFMD) group.Serum gastrin in different groups was observed at different time points(7d,14d,and 21d).Results: Compared with model control group, the serum gastrin in the medium and high dosage of BZYQD groups were both significantly higher(P

Aim To evaluate the effect of intrathecal administration of ?-conopeptide SO3,an neotype N-type calcium channel blocker,on pain related behaviors and changes in intracellular calcium ion concentration of the DRG neurons in a rat model of chronic constriction injury(CCI).Methods 40 male SD rats weighing 230~270 g were randomly divided into five groups of 8 animals each.Rats in the N group served as unoperated controls;in group C the rats were placed four loose ligatures around the right sciatic nerve;in group CN 20?l normal Saline was administered 14 days after operation;in group CS1 SO3 600 ng was administered the same time as group CN;in group CS7 SO3(30 ng?h~(-1)) was chronically administered for 7 days from the 7th day post-operation.Thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia were tested by measuring paw withdrawal latency(PWL) in response to thermal stimulation and by von-Frey filaments.The animals were decapitated on time.The DRGs(L_4-L_6) were homogenized into single cells and intracellular calcium ion concentration([Ca~(2+)]_i) was measured by flow cytometry.Results The CCI procedure leads to the development of spontaneous pain,heat hyperalgesia and tactile allodynia in the hind foot innervated by the injured nerve.Intrathecal of SO3 produced significant antinociceptive effects on both thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia.In CCI rats,significant increases were observed in [Ca~(2+)]_i on the contralateral side and ipsilateral side of DRGs on day 14 after operation.I.t NS did not show any difference in [Ca~(2+)]_i to those in group C.The treatment with i.t SO3 600 ng suppressed the increases in [Ca~(2+)]_i of bilateral side of DRGs.Chronically administration of SO3 suppressed the increases in [Ca~(2+)]_i of bilateral side of DRGs further.Conclusion Selective N-type VSCC blockers are potent and efficacious antinociceptive agents when they are administered by the spinal route,and they are effective in a rat model of neuropathic pain.The antinociceptive effect provided by intrathecal SO3 is associated with N-type calcium channel,which suppresses the increases in [Ca~(2+)]_i in the DRGs.

American medical colleges attach great importance to the humanistic education.The rich humanities curriculum is fully integrated into the teaching practice thus the mutual penetration of medicine and the humanities is achieved.They have specific and detailed examination evaluation system and the teaching method was more practical and participatory.By contrast,nost of the medical colleges in our country neglect the humanities construction and the cultivation of medical students' humanistic spirit.The coverage of the humanities curriculum is relatively narrow and the faculty is insufficient.We should promote the development of humanistic cducation,attach importance to the construction of medical humanities,set up appropriate curriculum system,increase the investment in faculty and reform the teaching method and examination method.

Objective To evaluate the effect of wild feces detection in Oncomelania hupensis environments on the surveil?lance of infection source of schistosomiasis,and find the weakness in schistosomiasis control in Hubei Province,so as to put for?ward the targeted strategies and measures. Methods Four environments with O. hupensis snails in endemic areas of Hubei Provinces,where human and livestock often haunted,were selected according to the river systems,namely the Juzhanghe River beach in Jingzhou City,Changjiang River beach in Jiayu County,Hanbei River beach in Tianmen City,and Changshou River beach in Zhongxiang City,then the snail survey and wild feces detection were implemented in the selected environments. Re?sults There were O. hupensis snails,livestock,wild feces of cattle or sheep as well as positive cattle feces found in all the 4 environments,and the positive rate of schistosome miracidium incubation was 47.62%. Conclusion The schistosome miracidi?um positive rate of wild feces of cattle is high in the environments with snails in endemic areas of Hubei Province ,which has high risk for schistosomiasis transmission.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of GJB2 mutations in newborns and provide clinical experience for newborn genetic screening. METHOD: Blood samples of 23 836 newborns in Beijing from March 2012 to December 2013 were screened for hot spot mutations of GJB2 associated with hearing loss. The genetic screening results were comprehensively analyzed with hearing results in genetic counseling. RESULT: One or two pathogenic mutations of GJB2 were spotted in 622(2. 61%) individuals. Among them, numbers of newborns with 1 mutation of c. 35deiG,c. 176191 del16,c. 235delC and c. 299300 delAT were 3,26,467 and 120. One compound heterozygote, and 5 homozygotes were also identified. Five hundred and fifty(88. 6%)newborns were followed up by telephones and SMS (short message service) and 325 newborns visit our genetic clinic regularly which were regarded as the research object. In the hearing screening, the referral rate for hearing loss in the first-step screening was 13.8% (45/325), and became 9.2% (30/325) upon retesting. Nine newborns (2. 8%) were diagnosed as hearing loss of different degrees as early as 3 months old,including 6 homozygous/compound heterozygote and 3 heterozygotes. CONCLUSION Patients with GJB2 mutations have various phenotype. Newborns with homozygous/compound heterozygous GJB2 mutations may pass the hearing screening at first. Carriers of GJB2 may also have hearing problems. The combination of genetic and audiological screening can play an important role in deafness detections of infants before key period of speech development.
Base Sequence ; Connexin 26 ; Connexins ; genetics ; Deafness ; genetics ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genetic Testing ; Hearing Loss ; genetics ; Hearing Tests ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Mutation ; Neonatal Screening ; Prevalence