Objective To analyse oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) screening results of pregnant women in Liuhe District of Nanjing and understand the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) in the region .Methods From July 2014 to March 2015 ,1 308 cases of healthy pregnant women who received 75 g OGTT in Nanjing Liuhe People′s Hospital for 24 to 28 weeks were enrolled in the study .When people were with fasting plasma glucose ≥5 .1 mmol/L ,OGTT was not necessary for a diagnosis of GDM to be made .According to the American Diabetes Association′s diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes ,the number of gesta‐tional diabetes and the detection rate was calculated .According to the pregnant women′s age ,they were divided into three groups :18- <25 years old (group A) ,25- <29 years old (group B) and ≥29 years old (group C) ,the GDM detection rate were compared statistically among groups .Results The total detection rate of GDM in the region was 7 .49% (98/1 308) .The rate of group A ,B and C were 5 .24% (20/382) ,6 .97% (48/689) and 12 .66% (30/237) respectively .The detection rate of GDM among different age groups were statistically different(χ2 =6 .477 ,P<0 .05).There was no statistically significant difference of detection rate between group A and group B (χ2 =1 .238 ,P>0 .05) .There was statistically significant difference between group A and group C in GDM detection rate(χ2 =10 .853 ,P<0 .05) ,and also group B and group C was significantly different(χ2 =7 .406 ,P<0 .05) .Conclusion If pregnant women were older than 29 years old ,the incidence of GDM increased significantly .

Objective To observe the regulatory effect of glycyrrhizin on the expression of IFN-γ and TNF-β in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with alopecia areata.Methods PBMCs were obtained from 18 patients with mild alopecia areata,24 patients with severe alopecia areata and 20 normal human controls,and cultured with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or the combination of PHA and glycyrrhizin for 24 hours.Then,reverse transcription (RT)-PCR was conducted to detect the mRNA expression of IFN-γand TNF-β in these cells.Results The mRNA expression levels of IFN-γand TNF-β in PBMCs were significantly higher in patients with severe alopecia areata than in those with mild alopecia areata and normal human controls (all P ＜ 0.05),and higher in patients with mild alopecia areata than in normal human controls (both P ＜ 0.05).A significant decrease was observed in the mRNA expressions of IFN-γ and TNF-β in the PBMCs from patients with alopecia areata after stimulation with the combination of PHA and glycyrrhizin (both P ＜0.05).Conclusion Glycyrrhizin can inhibit the expression of Th1-type cytokines and reverse Th1-type immune response.

Objective To explore the influence of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)on pregnancy and delivery outcomes.Methods 278 pregnant women with GDM were chosen as experimental group who underwent their antenatal care and delivery in Liuhe People's Hospital in Nanjing,according to the 75g oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)performed in pregnant women at 24-28 pregnancy weeks from January 2014 to October 2015.Meanwhile,the other 278 healthy women were chosen as control group.The pregnancy and delivery outcomes of the two groups were compared.Results The 24-28 weeks' 3 time-point OGTT blood glucose (FPG,1 h PG and 2 h PG) (mmol/L) values of experimental group were 5.08±0.56,9.22±1.71 and 7.62±1.48 respectively,which were significant higher than that of control group:4.45 ± 0.43,7.76 ± 1.35,6.34±4 0.96 (P＜0.05).The incidences of pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome,premature rupture of membranes,premature birth,fetal distress,postpartum hemorrhage,macrosomia and cesarean delivery of experimental group were significantly higher than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion GDM has a relatively large effect on pregnancy outcomes,causing serious complications of maternal and infant.Therefore,glucose metabolism during pregnancy should be surprised closely and education should be conducted to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Objective To determine whether NT 3 overexpression could abrogate DDP toxicity in vitro . Methods We constructed a herpes simplex virus(HSV) amplicon vector to transduce a c myc tagged version of rat NT 3. In the HSVnt 3myc vector, the chimeric neurotrophin cDNA was placed under the transcriptional control of the CMVIE promoter. The resultant vector was packaged utilizing the recently developed helper virus free method. Results Transduction of NT 3myc in cultured mouse cochlear explants at a multiplicity of infection(MOI) of 0 25 resulted in production of NT 3 up to 3?g/L over a 48 hours period. The mouse cochlear explants were transduced with HSVnt 3myc or HSVmiap(control vector expressing the reporter gene, murine intestinal alkaline phosphatase) for 48 hours and the exposed to cisplatin for 48 hours.The cochlear explants transduced with HSVnt 3myc had a significantly greater number of SGN survival than the control group. NT 3 powerfully enhanced the process length and the density of SGNs.Conclusion These data demonstrate that the neurotrophic cDNA transduction via HSV amplicon helper free virus system can attenuate the ototoxic action of DDP on organotypic culture. The potency of NT 3 in protecting spiral ganglion neurons from degenerating suggests that neurotrophins might be useful for the prevention or treatment of hearing disorders. [

Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell malignancy.At diagnosis,most patients are older than 65 years,In newly diagnosed myeloma patients younger than 65 years,high-dose of melphalan followed by autologous stem cell transplantation(ASCT)is regarded as the standard treatment.In elderly patients,usually older than 65 years,oral melphalan and prednisone(MP)has been considered as the standard regimen recently.However,the discovery of thalidomide,lenalidomide,and the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib will increase the effect of clinical treatment.This review will summarize literatures and focus on the treatment of newly diagnosed myeloma.

Objective To investigated the absorbed dose response of Al2O3 dosimeter in water phantom irradiated by 60Co γ spectrum source. Methods The EGSnre simulation program code DOSRZnrc was used to calculate the absorbed dose of the Al2O3 dosimeter and that of the equivalent volume of water in the corresponding position, as well as the absorbed dose conversion factor, irradiated by 60Co photon beams in a water phantom. Simulations were done for a eylindrieal geometry dosimeter (diameter 0.4 cm and height 0.1 cm) and the dosimeter was placed at the centre of the water phantom at different depths. Results The average absorbed dose conversion factor is 1.143 ± 0.006 and changes little with the depth of the dosimeter in the water phantom, and the deviation is less than 1.0 %. Conclusion The absorbed dose response of Al2O3 dosimeter irradiated by 60Co γ spectrum source is steady and is independent on the depth of the dosimeter in water phantom in this research.

BACKGROUND: Soft tissue filling is a problem in clinic. It has been proved that ultrasonic wave-treated mature adipocytes cannot be used for cell transplantation.It is hopeful to solve the problem with adipose tissue engineering. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of ultrasonic wave on the in vitro culture and proliferation of preadipocytes, and validate the possibility of preadipocyte as seed cell in adipose tissue engineering following ultrasound-assisted liposuction. DESIGN: Controlled observation experiment. SETTING: Department of Plastic Surgery, Rennin Hospital, Wuhan University. MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out in the Medical College of Wuhan University from July 2003 to September 2004. One local 3-month-old hybridized pig was provided by the Experimental Animal Center of Medical College of Wuhan University. After the pig was anesthetized with ketamine, an area of 10 cm×20 cm was labeled on both sides of back respectively, and the tissue in the labeled area was harvested. The tissue on the right side served as experimental group and that on the left side served as control group. METHODS: The tissue of the expedmental group was pretreated for 8 minutes by ultrasonic wave with the energy of 3W/cm2. Under aseptic condition, the skin layer was open, and 100 g subcutaneous adipose tissue was resected from each side and then placed in prepared container containing cold D-hanks solution for later use. The ultrasonic wave-treated porcine preadipocytes of adipose tissue of experimental group were isolated and cultured in vitro, and the number and lipid content of preadipocytes were measured every other 2 days. Results were presented as the mean val ue of the number of cells of three wells. In the control group, pretreatment of ultrasonic wave was omitted. The growth curves of two groups were drawn. Intracellular adipose content was measured by oil red O staining. Absorbance (A) was measured with spectrophotometer (HITACHI G2000), which was regulated at the wavelength of 510 nm. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Morphological observation of culture of porcine preadipocytes. ②The growth curves of experimental and control groups. ③3 Change in the lipid content of experimental and control groups.RESULTS: ① Cells in the control group adhered to the wall within 6 to 24 hours, and those in the experimental group basically adhered to the wall after 1 to 2 days, and there were many non-adhesive cells in the exoerimental group. Accumulation of adipose granules in the cells was found in the control group after 4 days and that was found in the experimental group after 6 days. On day 12, the cells in the control group basically differentiated into the cells with single lipid drop or multiple lipid drops, and a small amount of natant mature adipocytes were found, while few cells with lipid drop were found in the experimental group. ②Under the condition of the same amount of cells, the cell doubling time of experimental group was about 72 hours and that of control group was 36 hours. After 9-day culture, the number of cells in the experimental group and control group was 13×104 cells/well and 18×104 cells/well, respectively. The rate of cell proliferation of experimental group was very slow. ③Lipid of the experimental group appeared on the 6th day after culture, and that of the control group appeared on the 4th day after culture. The peak value of A was 0.32 and 0.68 in e penmental group and control group respectively.CONCLUSION: Ultrasonic wave has obviously inhibitory effect on the proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes.The preadipocytes treated by ultrasonic wave are not suitable as seed cells.

Calcium-sensing receptor(CaSR)is expressed in human parathyroid cells and renal tubular epithelial cells mainly.CaSR could control parathyroid hormone(PTH)secretion and the renal tubular's handing of the electrolytes and water.This receptor plays a central role in extracellular calcium homeostasis,and involves in the process of bone remodeling.The change of CaSR function,including anti-CaSR antibodies,CasR gene mutations or any part impairment in CaSR signaling pathway,not only results in the imbalaance of PTH and calcium homeostasis.but also relates to disorders of bone remodeling and renal tubular's mishandling in the electrolytes and water,which contribute to hyperparathyroidism.It makes possible clinical Use of cinacalcet in hyperparathyroidism in theory.

Objective:To study the master iodine nutrition status of population living in areas with different iodine in drinking water and the cut-off point of stopping iodized salt supply and the range of adequate iodine intake for the strategy of prevention from iodine deficiency or excess. Method:Thirteen townships points along the Yellow River downstream in Shandong were investigated and divided into six groups(A-F) based on water iodine concentrations of 0-50,50-100,100-150,150-300,300-800 and over 800 ?g/L. The indicators of water iodine,edible salt iodine,urinary iodine(UI) and thyroid goiter were observed. Results:From A,B,C,D,E and F group,the medians of water iodine concentration were 20.3,91.4,143.2,203.6,341.9 and 812.3 ?g/L,of edible salt iodine were 0,25.7,25.8,30.4,36.4 and 33.0 mg/kg,and of UI were 116.8,354.2,400.4,607.9,881.3 and 1 213.8 ?g/L respectively. The goiter rates were 10.8,8.6,15.0,14.2,14.9 and 25.0 % respectively . The sample proportion of UI below 100 ?g/L was 8.2%,of 100-300 ?g/L was 18.2% and of over 300 ?g/L was 73.6%. Frequency excursion of UI had a high trend towards water iodine concentration over 90?g/L in 5 groups. The proportion of UI over 300 ?g/L increased,consistent with higher water iodine level. Median UI of all groups with iodized salt decreased significantly,especially group F. There were significant correlations between UI and water iodine. Iodine nutrition status was markedly excessive in group B,C,D,E and F. Conclusions:Iodine nutrition status of most residents consuming drinking water with iodine concentration about 20 ?g/L should be adequately supplied with eligible iodized salt. Iodine intakes in groups B-F were excessive,and iodized salt supply should be stopped there. The cut-point of water iodine level where iodized salt stopped could possibly be 90 ?g/L,and the range of adequate iodine intake,in terms of drinking water,could be defined at range of over 20 to 90 ?g/L in iodine concentration.

Oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (OAVS), also known as Goldenhar syndrome, hemifacial microsomia, oculo-auriculo-vertebral dysplasia and facio-auriculo-vertebral spectrum, is a developmental disorder associated with the first and second branchial arches. Most cases are sporadic, while some familial instances observed suggested that the etiology of OAVS heterogeneous. In this review, we summarize the OAVS epidemiology, classification and mainlyheterogeneous etiology.
Goldenhar Syndrome ; pathology ; Humans