Objective To investigate the level and influencing factors of nurses' professional growth,in order to provide evidence for promoting the satisfaction degree of nurses with their career and reducing nursing turnover rate.Methods A random sample of 526 clinical nurses from 6 third-level and firstclass hospitals in Tianjin were investigated with Career Growth Scale.Resalts The score of chnical nurses' professional growth averages was (2.44±0.53) points.Single factor analysis found that working purpose,the work-ing years and sex affected the total score of career growth and the score of each dimension statistically.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that working purpose was the greatest impact on the degree of the career growth score among influencing factors,followed by the working years and sex.Conclusions Nurses' professional growth is on the average level.All relevant departments should strengthen the construction of professional nurse,improve the promotion and salary system to strengthen the nurses' career growth,in order to enhance the nurse's career satisfaction,reduce the nurse turnover rate.

Objective To explore the therapeutic effects and the mechanisms of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (Fp) on trinitro-benzene-sulfonic acid-induced colitis.Methods Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into healthy control group, colitis model control group, Fp pretreated group,Fp supernatant pretreated group,Fp treated group and Fp supernatant treated group.Disease activity index (DAI),histological injury of colonic tissue,the content of butyrate in feces,forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3) regulatory T cells (Treg) in peripheral blood and spleen and the level of interlenkin (IL)-17 and IL-6 in serum were evaluated.All the data were statistical analyzed by single factor analysis of variance. Results Compared with colitis model control group, DAI significantly lowered and histological injury obviously improved in Fp pretreated group, Fp supernatant pretreated group,Fp treated group and Fp supernatant treated group.The effects of Fp pretreated group were better than those of Fp treated group and Fp supernatant pretreated group were better than Fp supernatant treated group.The concentration of butyrate in Fp pretreated group,Fp supernatant pretreated group,Fp treated group and Fp supernatant treated group was (3091.08 ±485.50) × 106 mol/L,(1714.64 ± 351.25) × 10(-8) mol/L,(2064.75 ± 295.04) × 10-6 mol/L and (1089.13±321.23) × 10-6 mol/L respectively,there was significant difference between Fp pretreated group and other groups (F=49.796,P＜0.01).The peripheral blood level of Foxp3+ Treg in Fp supernatant pretreated group was highest.The spleen level of Foxp3+ Treg in Fp pretreated group and Fp supernatant pretreated group were significantly higher than that of other groups.The serum level of IL-17 and IL-6 in Fp pretreated group,Fp supernatant pretreated group,Fp treated group and Fp supernatant treated group was significantly lower than that of colitis model group.Conclustons Fp plays a role in promoting the repair of intestinal inflammatory reaction in colitis model rats.The mechanism may be related with butyrate producing,the peripheral blood and spleen level of Foxp3+ Treg up-regulating,suppressing the secretion of proinflammatory cytokine IL-17 and IL-6.Rebuilding the balance of Treg/Th17 to reduce local intestinal inflammation.

Objective To investigate the protective effects and mechanism of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (Fp) and its products in 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) induced colitis rats.Methods A total of 40 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into healthy control group,colitis model group,Fp supernatant group,Fp bacteria group and Bifidobacterium longum (B.longum) group.The rats of the later four groups were enemaed with TNBS to establish the model.At five days before and one day after modeling,the rats were gavaged with phosphate buffer saline (PBS),the supernatant of Fp,live Fp bacteria and live B.longum respectively.Rats were executed at 48 hour after modeling.The colon tissues were taken for pathology examination.The content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in fecal was tested by gas chromatography.The plasma level of interleukin-10 (IL- 10),interleukin-12 ( IL-12),interleukin-17 (IL-17) and interleukin-23 (IL-23) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbnent assay (ELISA) and the expression of IL-17 in intestinal mucosal tissues was measured by immunohistochemistry.The data were analyzed by one way ANOVA.Results Compared with the healthy control group,the rats of colitis group suffered serious weight loss and their intestinal pathology score increased [(193.57±14) g vs (170.25±19.18) g,(1.00±0.99) vs (3.34±0.38),t=2.83 and 7.55,all P value＜0.05].The Fp supernatant group showed protective effects in terms of weight and intestinal pathology score [(187.00± 14.67) g,(2.50±0.44),t=2.1 and 2.9,all P＜0.05].Compared with healthy control group,the plasma and colon tissue IL-17 concentration of colitis model group increased (16.61 pg/ml±2.45 pg/ml vs 20.47 pg/ml± 1.45 pg/ml,0.83±0.98 vs 5.14±0.90) (all P＜0.05).Compared with the colitis model group,the plasma and colon tissue IL-17 concentration of Fp supernatant group decreased ( 17.54 pg/ml± 1.51 pg/ml and 2.86±0.69).Conclusion Fp can regulate immune response and suppress rat colonic inflammation,which may be related with the expression of IL-17.

OBJECTIVE:To establish evaluation system and quality management of dispensing department in hospital and provide basis for comprehensive and correct assessment of pharmacy dispensing work.METHODS:Based on the platform of human resource management,the flow and job responsibility of drug dispensing were adjusted."Drug dispensing work quality management specification and performance evaluation system" was established and put into practice.RESULTS:Drug dispensing quality management had criteria and principles to go by.The level of management staff were improved dramatically.58.3% of department administrators were younger than 40 years old,who were recruited and went on duty after passing examination.CONCLUSION:"Drug dispensing work quality management specification and performance evaluation system" is the comprehensive requirement of effectively ensuring the quality of drug dispending work and safety of drug utilization and reflects the standard and scientific management of drug dispensing.

Objective To study the value of MR three-dimensional volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination(3D-VIBE)and conventional MR imaging (including MRCP) in diagnosing cholangiocarcinoma early and evaluating the respectability of cholangiocarcinoma. Methods 20 patients with malignant obstruction of bile duct were scaned by conventional MR imaging(including MRCP) and dynamic-enhanced 3D-VIBE triple-phase acquisitions. MR imaging features of the tumors were analysed and the re-spectability of cholangiocarcinoma was also evaluated. The differences between conventional MR imaging and 3D-VIBE in displaying the tumors and the infiltration extent of the tumors were compared. Results The sensitivity ratio in showing the tumors were 85 and 95% with conventional MR imaging and 3D-VIBE, respectively, and there was statistically significant difference between two sequences in displaying infiltration of adjacent organs by the tumors(P<0.05). Conclusion 3D-VIBE is superior to conventional MR imaging in the early diagnosis,preoperative assessment of the infiltration extent and the tumor respectability of cholangiocarcino-ma.

Objective To determine the effect of apigenin on inducing apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer cell line NCI-H1650. Methods NCI-H1650 cell line was cultured routinely in vitro, with blank control group and different concentrations of apigenin (10, 20, 40, 80 μmol?L-1). The blank control group was RPMI-1640 solution without apigenin. Cell proliferation was detected by MTT. Hoechst 33258 was applied to observe morphological changes of the apoptotic cells after treatment of different concentrations of apigenin. Flow cytometry AnnexinV-FITC/PI double staining method was used to determine cell apoptosis rate. The expression levels of apoptosis-related signaling molecules Bax and Bcl-2 protein were performed by Western blotting. Results MTT showed that apigenin inhibited proliferation of NCI-H1650 cell line in a concentration-and time-dependent manner (P<0.01).Hoechst 33258 nuclear staining showed typical characteristics of apoptosis in certain concentration-dependent manner, such as nuclear condensation and appearance of apoptotic bodies. In addition, the results of flow cytometry staining indicated that the apoptotic rate of NCI-H1650 cells cultured with blank control group and different concentrations of apigenin (10, 20, 40, 80 μmol?L-1) for 48 h was (5.00±0.33)%, (18.05±4.67)%, (21.48± 1.95)%, (43.24±1.11)%, (66.23±3.65)%, respectively (P<0.01).Western blotting results showed that the expression levels of Bax increased with increasing of the drug concentration, but Bcl-2 decreased with increasing of the drug concentration. Conclusion Apigenin can inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of NCI-H1650 cells in non-small cell lung cancer. Mechanisms may be related to increase of the expression of apoptosis related protein Bax and decrease of the expression of anti apoptosis protein Bcl-2.

OBJECTIVE:To discusses the influencing factors on the safety and efficacy of pediatric drugs.METHODS:The errors in administration of pediatric drugs were analyzed.The drugs under current use in the pediatric pharmacy of our hospital were classified and compared as per quantity,dosage form,specification,medication safety, direction and medicine evaluation. RESULTS: The influencing factors mainly included the subjective factors(wrong drug treatment) and the objective factors (pharmaceutical factors and social factors) .CONCLUSION: To safeguard the efficacy and safety of pediatric drugs, it' s advisable that an evaluation or control system for rational use of pediatric drugs be established with the participation of the society, the hospital and patients.

Objective Hirsutella sinensis (HS) is the anmorph of Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Cordyceps sinensis). O.sinensis and Panax notoginseng are two popular Chinese herbs, commonly used in traditional Chinese prescriptions for the treatment of various diseases. A combination of HS extract with P. notoginseng saponin (PNS) extract demonstrated more prominent lung-protective activity than the two herbs individually used in our preliminary studies. This study further investigated the action of their combination (HSPNS) on anti pulmonary fibrosis using a Bleomycin (BLM)induced mouse model. Methods BLM-treated Kunming mice was given HSPNS daily for 7, 14 or 28 d via ig administration. After treatment, following parameters were monitored using proper methods, respectively. Lung index, serum and lung malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydroxyproline (HYP) contents, lung superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), and expression levels of collagen Ⅰ (Col- Ⅰ) and collagen Ⅲ (Col-Ⅲ). The lung biopsies were also dissected for semiquantitative histological analysis. Results The results indicated that HSPNS significantly reduced lung index, MDA and HYP contents, and expression levels of TGF-β1,Col- Ⅰ, and Col-Ⅲ. The combination also remarkably enhanced SOD activity compared with BLM-induced group.Moreover, the severe pulmonary fibrosis histopathological changes induced by BLM could be attenuated by HSPNS treatment. Conclusion These results suggest that HSPNS could significantly inhibit the progression of pulmonary fibrosis induced by BLM and its inhibitory effect might associate with its ability to scavenge free radicals, decrease TGF-β1 level, and inhibit collagen synthesis.

Through the literature collection on Chinese marine materia medica,this study analyzed medication rules of Chinese marine materia medica prescription,understood general conditions of Chinese marine materia medica prescription,in order to conduct data mining on medication rules of Chinese marine materia medica prescription.The name of Chinese marine materia medica was used as the search term.Chinese marine materia medica prescriptions were searched in related literatures of Chinese Medicine Code,Chinese Marine Materia Medica,Chinese Materia Medica,Chinese Pharmacopoeia and Great Dictionary of Chinese Medicine.The information was extracted and standardized to construct database for the initial data mining of related information and medication rules of Chinese marine materia medica prescriptions.The results showed that 16715 Chinese marine materia medica prescriptions were screened,which contained 144014 items of data,involving 218 kinds of Chinese marine materia medica.Decoction was the most common dosage form.The amount of Chinese marine materia medica prescription in the Ming and Qing dynasties was the largest.The highest frequency of Chinese marine materia medica in one prescription was 1 to 3 types.The prescription composed all by Chinese marine materia medica occupied 8.065％.Other prescriptions contained the compatibility of Chinese terrestrial materia medica.The prescription containing materia medica half from the sea and half from the land,occupied 7.754％.The Chinese marine materia medica used with the highest frequency in all prescriptions was oyster.The frequently used Chinese terrestrial materia medica was licorice and angelica in Chinese marine materia medica prescriptions.It was concluded that the number of Chinese marine materia medica prescription was large.Its compatibility and clinical application had a certain characteristic,which provided data foundation for the further research and development of Chinese marine materia medica.

Objective To study the prescription and preparation technology of breviscapine microemulsion for parenteral injection,and to evaluate its quality.Methods The prescription was selected and optimized through single-factor test and the pseudo-ternary phase diagram method.The preparation technology was investigated,and the particle diameter,drug content,encapsulation efficiency and haemolyticus were evaluated.Results The prescription composition of breviscapine microemulsion was soybean oil:phospholipid:HS15:PEG400:water=1:0.1:0.55:0.55:6.64 (m/m),with the drug content of 4.01 mg·mL-1,the acquired breviscapine microemulsion exhibited light yellow,uniform and transparent,with average particle diameter of 92.1 nm and encapsulation efficiency of 96.8%.The compatibility test showed no drug precipitation and the preparation was no hemolytic crisis.Conclusion The preparation of breviscapine microemulsion injection is correspond to the main index of parenteral injection.