Objective To construct human acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) recombinant eu karyotic expression vector and transfect it into muscle satellite cells(MSCs) of rat,in purpose of further study the method to set up cell bank.Methods The aFGF gene was cloned from human total RNA which was obtained from human skeletal muscle tissue by RT-PCR method.Human interleukin 2 (IL-2) signal peptide sequence (SPS) was obtained by direct chemosynthesis method.Then aFGF and SPS were fused to obtain SPS-aFGF.Finally,directional cloning SPS-aFGF into pEGFP-N1,the recombinant (pEGFP-N1-SPS-aFGF) was obtained.The recombinant was confirmed by endonuclease digestion and DNA sequencing.MSCs were purified by difference-speed adherence method and were ideontified by immunofluorescence assay.The correct cells were divided into 3 groups:Experimental group (aFGF +N 1),control group (N 1),blank group (blank).All the groups were transfected by Lipofectamine 2000TM Reagent,and pEGFP-N1-SPS-aFGF,pEGFP-N1 were respectively added in experimental group and control group while blank group was added none plasmid.Fluorescence microscope was employed to detect transfection efficiency tendency along with time changes.The expression of target gene was detected by fluorescent quantitation PCR and Western blot.Results (1) The sequencing of pEGFP-N1-SPS-aFGF was completely correct and the outcome of endonuclease was equal to actual ban s-ize.(2)The expression of GFP in transfected cells were observed by fluorescencemicroscope and transfection efficiency reached the peak at 72 h.(3)Real-time fluorescent quantitation PCR proved strong aFGF mRNA expression in transfected cells (the average relative expression of experimental group was 1464.95)with aFGF gene,while it was detected a little in the other groups (the average relative expression of control group was 1.016 and blank group was 1.000) (P ＜ 0.05).Western blot also proved strong expression in Experimental group then the other two groups.Conclusion aFGF eukaryotic expression vector was successfully constructed and transfected into MSCs.This study may be expected to obtain some specific functions cells.

Objective To investigate optimal radiation dose for digital radiography by researching the correlation between radiation dose and image quality of high kV chest radiography.Methods The kV of chest radiography was setted on 120 kV while mAs was changed.The chest radiography phantom and the contrast detail phantom CDRAD2.0 were exposed by DR with different mAs from 1 to 25 mAs.The entrance doses were measured for all exposures and the images were read independently by 5 observers on a higher resolution monitor of diagnosis work station.The image quality figure (IQF) was measured for each image.Comparison of the mean IQFs with different exposure doses were conducted in order to determined which was the optimal exposure condition for high kV radiography.The image quality of normal adult using different mAs,4 and 10 mAs for high KV chest radiography was compared.Results When the mAs was increased from 1 to 25 mAs,the entrance doses varied from 0.067 to 1.468 mGy.With the entrance doses increasing,the value of IQF was decreased (F =31.00,P ＜ 0.05).The values of IQF were statistically different between 1 and 4 mAs(F =15.3,P ＜0.05),and between 10 and 25 mAs(F =9.74,P ＜0.05).At 4 and 10 mAs with the entrance dose 0.250 and 0.606 mGy,the synthesis score of chest high kV radiography from two kinds of exposure dose was (24.8 ± 1.64),(25.8 ± 2.05),with no statistically significant difference.Conclusions For digital radiography,increasing radiation dose can improve image information.The optimal entrance dose of high kV chest radiography for standard body was about 0.250 mGy.

Objective To study the relationship between the selection of tube tension in digitalchest radiograph and image quality.Methods When tube current was fixed at 4 mAs, the choice of X-ray tube voltage changed from 60 to 120 kV.CDRAD2.0 contrast details phantom and normal human chest were exposed by X-ray system with 7 kinds of tube voltage (the difference between tube voltage was 10 kV) ,and the X-ray incidental dose of phantom surface was measured.Five radiologists with 3 years working experience evaluated the image quality on monitor and calculated the image quality factor (IQF) and image reading score.Statistics analysis was then performed by using ANOVA test and t test.According to the results, the optimum tube voltage range was determined.Results (1) The incidental dose of phantom surface increased with the higher tube voltage.(2)When the tube voltage was changed from 60 kV to 120 kV, the IQF value observed in CDRAD2.0 phantom image on monitor was 75.0±10.4,57.1±6.4,52.7±2.5,47.9±4.5, 46.0±3.8,46.0±2.8,45.2±3.5 ,there was significant statistical differences between groups(F=19.10, P<0.01).(3)The integrated score of the chest image quality in the tube voltage 90 kV and 120 kV were 12.4±0.9 and 13.0±0.7, respectively, and there was no statistical difference between two groups(t= 1.500,P>0.05).Conclusions (1)With the increase of tube tension,the display capacity of display device gradually strengthened.When the tube tension exceeded 90 kV, the increase of image quality on monitor was not evident.(2) With proper radiation dose, the value of tube tension in digital X-ray chest photograph was about 90 kV.

Objective To study the diagnostic value of susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) in diffuse axonal injury (DAI) and investigate the relationship between SWI and clinical prognosis. MethodsTwenty patients (15 males and 5 females) with DAI were included in this study. Routine sequences (T1WI, T2WI and FLAIR) and SWI were performed on a 3.0 T MRI scanner. There were 8 cases whose Glasgow score scale (GCS) ranged from 3.0 to 5.0, 4 cases from 6.0 to 8.0 and 8 from 9.0 to 12.0. The interval time between injury and examination were from 3 hours to 20 days. The number and volume of lesions observed on SWI and routine sequence were compared using Mann-Whitney U-test and paired t-test. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between the number and volume of all lesions and GCS. Results The lesions showed punctate, beaded, patchy and cord-like hypointense signal with various size on SWI (lesion diameter <2.0 cm). Distribution of lesions was multifocal with clear boundary. Routine MRI scan found a total of 78 lesions, while SWI sequence detected 424 lesions. The number of the lesions found on SWI was more than that on conventional MRI (U=-15.447,P＜0.01). The total volume of the lesions measured on routine MRI and SWI were 19 340 mm3 and 38 042 mm3, respectively. The total volume measured on SWI was more than that on routine MR (t=5.870,P＜0.01). The number and volume of all lesions were negatively correlated with GCS (r=-0.802, -0.767, P＜0.01). Conclusion SWI sequence could find more bleeding lesions than the routine MRI sequences. The number and the volume of the lesions were closely related to GCS. SWI showed high value in the diagnosis and prediction of the prognosis of DAI.

The radiomics of tumors can indirectly reflect the state of tumor proteins and even genes. The radiomics extract imaging features through high-throughput and conduct correlation analysis to play a role in predicting tumor stage, pathological differentiation, therapeutic efficacy, and prognosis. In this review paper, relevant literature about the research progress of radiomics in the prediction of esophageal cancer stage, lymphovascular invasion, pathological differentiation, short-term curative effect, and long-term prognosis is summarized.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of posterior decompression pedicle screw fixation and single pedicle screw fixation for thoracolumbar fracture with greenstick lamina fracture. Methods: A retrospective case series study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 106 patients with thoracolumbar fractures combined with greenstick lamina fractures admitted to the 909th hospital from January 2011 to May 2016. There were 68 males and 38 females, aged 21-58 years [(39.5±7.1)years]. The fracture was located at T₁₁ in 9 patients, at T₁₂ in 6, at L₁ in 28, at L₃ in 11. A total of 58 patients underwent posterior decompression pedicle screw fixation including 37 males and 21 females, aged 23-58 years [(38.7±6.6)years]. The preoperative neurological function was evaluated according to ASIA grade: grade A for three patients, grade B for nine, grade C for 14, grade D for 27, and grade E for 53 patients. A total of 48 patients were treated with single posterior pedicle screws fixation including 31 males and 17 females, aged 21-57 years [(41.4±5.8)years]. Statistical indicators included operation time, intraoperative blood loss, anterior height ratio of injured vertebrae, sagittal Cobb angle, visual analogue scale (VAS), ASIA grading, dural tears and/or cauda equina entrapment, and complications. Results: All patients were followed up for 24-72 months [(30.2±4.7)months]. The operation time ranged from 105 to 137 minutes [(113.5±21.3)minutes], and the intraoperative blood loss was 235-310 ml [(252.2±28.6)ml] in the posterior decompression and pedicle screws fixation group. In the posterior pedicle screw fixation group, the operation time ranged from 52 to 85 minutes [(65.3±9.6)minutes], and the intraoperative blood loss was 72-125 ml [(90.2±23.6)ml]. The anterior height ratio of injured vertebrae, sagittal Cobb angle and VAS score of the two groups were significantly improved immediately after operation and at the last follow-up (all P<0.01). At one year follow up, the ASIA grading in patients treated with single posterior pedicle screw fixation remained the same while the ASIA grading of patients treated with posterior decompression pedicle screw fixation was significantly improved compared with before operation. Dural tears were found in 12 patients and cauda equina entrapment were found in five patients during decompression. Three patients had neurological function injury after posterior pedicle screw internal fixation surgery, and they received a second decompression operation. Dural tears and/or cauda equina entrapment were subsequently found in all of the three patients. No complications related to internal fixation occurred during follow-up. Conclusions Both posterior decompression pedicle screw fixation and single pedicle screw fixation can effectively correct the kyphosis deformity, restore vertebral body height, and relieve pain in the treatment of thoracolumbar fracture with greenstick lamina fracture. Dural tears and/or cauda equina entrapment might be subsequently found in greenstick lamina fracture. Posterior pedicle screw fixation can not release the entrapped cauda nerve, so attention should be paid to the risk of secondary surgery.

Osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly will seriously reduce their quality of life and life expectancy. For osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly, spinal reconstruction is necessary, which should comprehensively consider factors such as the physical condition, fracture type, clinical characteristics and osteoporosis degree. While there lacks relevant clinical norms or guidelines on selection of spinal reconstruction strategies. In order to standardize the concept of spinal reconstruction for osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly, based on the principles of scientificity, practicality and progressiveness, the authors formulated the Clinical guideline for spinal reconstruction of osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in elderly patients ( version 2022), in which suggestions based on evidence of evidence-based medicine were put forward upon 10 important issues related to the fracture classification, non-operative treatment strategies and surgical treatment strategies in spinal reconstruction after osteoporosis thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly, hoping to provide a reference for clinical treatment.