Objective To determine the characteristic features of clinical manifestation, imaging and pathology in the patients with hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis (HCP). Methods All clinical data of 1 patient with HCP were studied retrospectively. Results The patient presented with heavy headache, progressive visual acuity decreased and hoarse voice. Brain MRI displayed abnormal strengthening signals in cerebral dura mater, especially in cerebral falx and tentorium of cerebellum. Pathological examination demonstrated chronic inflammation changes including numerous plasmocytes infiltration, accrementition and glassy degeneration of fibrous tissue, formation of granulation tissue. Therapy with corticosteroid hormone showed good effect for this patient.Conclusions HCP mainly presents with headache and paralysis of multiple cranial nerves. Distinctive sign on brain MRI is strengthening signal in cerebral dura. Chronic inflammation is the pathological change of this disease and pathological examination plays important role in diagnosis of HCP.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of P/Q-type calcium channel in nitroglycerin induced migraine experimental model Methods Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats ( half female and half male) were randomly divided into control group and model group. The model of migraine rats was reproduced using Tasserelli Cristina method that wassubcutaneou injection of GTN of 10 mg/kg, once a week for four weeks. After the model of migraine had been established, trigeminal ganglion and trigeminocervical complex and cortex of frontal lobe were removed and the expressions of P/Q-type calcium channel were detected by RT- PCR and Western-blot, and at the same time the concentration of intracellular Ca2+ was investigated by Fluo- 3/AM fluorometric method. Results Compared with the control group, the expression of mRNA and protein of P/Q-type calcium channel of trigeminal ganglion and trigeminocervical complex (mRNA: 0. 472 36± 0. 049 54; protein: 0. 337 25 ± 0. 035 93 ) and cortex of frontal lobe ( mRNA: 0. 547 45 ± 0. 044 39 ; protein : 0. 402 13 ± 0. 029 83) in model group all upregulated (t = 2. 6697, 3. 1993, 3. 4398 and 3. 7661, all P <0. 05), at the same time the concentration of intracellular Ca2+ in model group increased (211 182 ± 12 973 vs 135 243 ± 18 105 in trigeminal ganglion and trigeminocervical complex; 186 511 ± 18 297 vs 143 289±25 175 in cortex of frontal lobe. t =10.7819 and 4. 3917, beth P<0.05). Conclusions P/Q- type calcium channel may play a role in the pathogenesis of migraine via its upregulated expression.

Current undergraduate education in traditional Chinese Medicine combines classroom teaching with a small number of practical courses, which has showed its limitations of increasingly bad medical environment and employment situation. Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine explored new ways and means of medical education in recent years. Therefore, reforming based on the integration of clinical teaching pattern for TCM Bachelor has been carried out step by step. It meant that classroom teaching and clinical practice were fully integrated by moving classroom in the affiliated hospitals. It has been proved to work. With the experiences of the development, we have successfully explored a mature mean for the integration clinical teaching pattern. Here, we discussed the codes of such practice in order to strive to maximize the effectiveness of such practice.

BACKGROUND:Both of acupuncture and mesenchymal stem cel transplantation have therapeutic effects on cerebral palsy. OBJECTIVE:To explore the therapentic effect of acupuncture combined with placenta derived mesenchymal stem cel s on rat cerebral palsy. METHODS:Thirty-five Wistar rats were equivalently randomized into five groups, including control group, model group, acupuncture group, transplantation group and combination group. Rat models of cerebral palsy were prepared in al groups except the control group. At 7 days after modeling, in the transplantation group, 10μL placenta derived mesenchymal stem cel s were transplanted into the right cerebral cortex and striatum of rats;rats in theacupuncture group were given acupuncture at Shuigou (DU26), Dazhui (DU14), Baihui (DU20), Guanyuan (RN4) and Qihai (RN6) points;rats in the combination group given acupuncture and transplantation treatment as described above;the model and control groups received no treatment. Then, after 7-day intervention, the body mass, neurological function and pathological changes of rat brain tissues were measured and observed, respectively. . RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The order of the growth rate of body mass was as fol ows:control group>combination group>acupuncture and transplantation groups>model group, and al groups had significant differences except the two groups of acupuncture and transplantation (P<0.05);findings from holding tract, foot error and water finding in maze tests showed the neurological function was best in the control group, fol owed by the combination group, as wel as acupuncture and transplantation groups, and the worst in the model group. Al groups had significant differences except acupuncture and transplantation groups (P<0.05). Besides, in the model group, cel s in the brain and hippocampus decreased, arranging disorderly with fuzzy structure, and inflammatory cel s appeared;pathological changes in the other groups were in between control group and model group, Additional y, brain tissues in the combination group exlibited better pathological changes than those in the acupuncture and transplantation groups, which were similar with the normal brain tissues. To conclude, acupuncture, placenta derived mesenchymal stem cel s transplantation, or their combination can improve neurological function in rats with cerebral palsy, especial y the combination treatment.

BACKGROUND:Acupuncture is proved to have therapeutic effect on cerebral palsy of immature rats.
OBJECTIVE:To discuss the possible effect on cerebral amino acids and neurotransmitters in immature rats with cerebral palsy by using fire-needle.
METHODS:Cerebral palsy models were established in 45 Wistar rats aged 1 week by left common carotid artery ligation and randomly assigned into model, acupuncture and positive groups (n=15 per group). The other five rats were defined as controls, without any management. At 3 days, positive group rats were oral y administrated with brain enzyme solution, and acupuncture group given fire-needle treatment at points of Neiguan (P 6), Yongquan (K 1), Quchi (LI 11) and Baihui (Du 20) for 21 days. Hanging test, inclined plane test and Y maze test were performed 1 hour after the last treatment, and the cerebral cortex and hippocampus were extracted and homogenized after execution. Lelves of acethl choline, norepinephrine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, glutamic acid andγ-aminobutyric acid were recruited, and morphology of hippocampus was observed by pathological section.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Within 21-day treatment, positive and acupuncture treatment rats were more active than model group. Compared with the control group, the body mass in the model group was significantly decreased (P<0.05);compared with the model group, the body mass in the positive and fire-needle groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), while it showed no significant difference between latter two groups. (2) The hanging time of model group rats was significantly shorter than that of control group (P<0.05), and significantly lengthened in the positive and fire-needle groups compared with the model group (P<0.05). Compared with the control rats, the error numbers of model group rats were significantly increased (P<0.05), and conversely, significantly decreased in the positive and fire-needle groups (P<0.05). (3) In the model group, the levels of norepinephrine, 5-hydroxytryptamine andγ-aminobutyric acid were significantly decreased, while glutamic acid significantly increased compared with the control group (P<0.05);compare with the model group, the positive and fire-needle group rats held significantly increased levels of norepinephrine, 5-hydroxytryptamine andγ-aminobutyric acid and decrease of glutamic acid (P<0.05). (4) Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that in the mode group, there were abundant neurons damaged, cel volume reduced, nucleus pycnosis and unclear border with nucleus;both positive and fire-needle groups could improve neuron structure induced by cerebral ischemia. (5) In conclusion, fire-needle can treat cerebral palsy effectively.

OBJECTIVE:To provide data and reference for pharmacist legislation. METHODS:Questionnaire survey was de-signed investigate and analyze the staffing situation,education level,professional composition,age composition,professional titles composition,continuing education and wage of pharmacists who worked in medical and health institutions from 16 states (cities) in Yunnan province,and suggestions were put forward for relevant legislation. RESULTS:Totally 10 questionnaires were received from provincial medical and health institutions,and 16 from state (city) Health and Family Planning Commission,with effective recovery of 100%;data covered 1 561 medical and health institutions,involving 7 409 pharmacists. The numbers of pharmacy per-sonnel/hospital beds in tertiary hospitals,secondary hospitals and class-1 hospitals were 1∶15.49,1∶17.50,1∶20.68,numbers of pharmacy personnel/health professional and technical personnel in hospital accounted for 5.62%,6.18%,5.30%,respectively;most pharmacists in tertiary hospitals were mainly undergraduate degree(35.21%),doctor degree accounted for 0.15%,the high-est ratio of education was junior college degree in secondary hospitals(41.60%)and class-1 hospitals(57.51%);most pharmacists graduated in pharmacy in tertiary hospitals(94.14%),70.22% in secondary hospitals and only 10.50% in class-1 hospitals;phar-macy personnel mainly held the pharmacist professional titles in tertiary,secondary and class-1 hospitals (33.83%,37.89% and 63.55%),senior professional titles accounted for 5.88%,2.71% and 0.21%,respectively;only a few have learning experience and almost less than 6 months (9.17%,5.84% and 21.32%),and 80 pharmacists were certificated as clinical pharmacists in the whole province;generally,all wage was concentrated in 2 000-2 999 per month (27.72%,41.80% and 55.90%,respectively). CONCLUSIONS:Shortage of hospital pharmacists and lack of senior personnel are the main problems in Yunnan province,and wage is not high,especially in primary hospital,this situation is more obvious. The current situation of pharmacists in the hospital should be more taken into consideration during the legislative process in aspects of clearing and guaranteeing access qualifications, responsibilities,status,rights and interests,and pharmaceutical technology and service charges should be established.

Objective To study the value of the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in gene diagnosis on spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).Methods PCR-RFLP method was used to detect the homozygous deletion of the exon 7 or exon 8 of SMN gene in 20 SMA patients of Type Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and 15 normal individuals.Results Homozygous deletion of exon 7 and exon 8 of the SMN gene were all identified 7/7 in SMA TypeⅠpatients, and 5/5 and 4/5 respectively in SMA Type Ⅱ patients, but only 1/8 of SMA Type Ⅲ patients, and no homozygous deletion was found in the normal controls.Conclusions PCR-RFLP might be recommended as an effective diagnosis for spinal muscular atrophy Type Ⅰand Ⅱ patients, whereas the method might not be as useful in Type Ⅲ as in Type Ⅰand Ⅱ for the gene diagnosis.

Objective] By sequencing of SSU rRNA gene cloning from Xinjiang cutaneous leishmaniasis pathogen (XJCLP) to provide evidence for identification of the pathogen. [Methods] By PCR assay with primers R222 and R333, the specific fragment had been produced from SSU rRNA gene of XJCLP , L infantum, L tropica and cloned into pGEM ○[KG-6/7]R T Easy vector .The clones were sequenced by the Sanger dideoxy mediated chain termination method, analysis of SSU rRNA gene sequences from XJCLP, L tropica, L infantum with DNASIS. [Results] Sequence analysis showed that the specific fragment of SSU rRNAgene from XJCLP, L infantum,L tropica , were all 394 bp in length. There were 391 bases identical and three point mutations between the sequences of XJCLP and L tropica , the similarity being 99 2%; 390 bases identical and three point mutations and one insertion /deletion between the sequences of XJCLP and L infantum , the similarity being 99 0%. One insertion/deletion between the sequences of L tropica and L infantum , the similarity being 99 7%. The primary and secondary structures of SSU rRNA gene from XJCLP differed from those of L infantum and L tropica .A retrieval from GenBank confirmed that these 394 bp sequence are new gene sequences. [Conclusion]The primary and secondary structures of SSU rRNA gene from XJCLP, L infantum , L tropica were different. 394 bp sequence from SSU rRNA gene of XJCLP is a new gene sequence.

Objective To upgrade the current X-ray vehicle.Methods Modern digital X-ray radiography was analyzed and 3 kinds of X-ray detectors were compared.Canon CXDI digital X-ray detector was used to update field X-ray vehicle into a field digital X-ray radiography vehicle.Results Real-time X-ray signal synchronization was realized.Digital images could be edited and labeled with detection information.Conclusion The working efficiency is enhanced and the support ability is improved.

Objective To develop new-type multi-body-position tripod of X-ray appratus for field battle.Methods One screw was added to the bottom of axis stayer of the original tripod for the inversion of fixed bulb so that the bulb could vertically project.Three support feet were porlonged at the same time.Results The X-ray appratus of the new-type multi-body-position tripod could project for patients in satnding or lying position and the range of focus adjustmet was enlarged,which could meet nomal requirements.The new-added crew was firm and its support quality was greatly over the quality of X-ray appratus.Compared with the original one,the barycenter of the appratus was lower,and the hemline length was longer.It remaind portable for the overall quality and length didn't change apparantly.Conclusion The new-type multi-body-position tripod of X-ray appratus for field battle meets the practical field requirments.