BACKGROUND:Currently,different methods of model establishment have been derived from different injury modes of spinal cord injury.Traditional physical injury modeling methods have their own advantages and disadvantages,and there is a lack of more effective and stable animal models of spinal cord injury. OBJECTIVE:To establish a reproducible,controllable,trauma-free,low-mortality,more stable,widely applicable,and short-term postoperative care rat model of spinal cord injury. METHODS:Forty Sprague-Dawley rats with similar body mass and ages were randomly divided into a control group and an improved group,with 20 rats in each group.Animal models of spinal cord injury in the control group were constructed using a clip model method,while the improved group used a modified ligation method based on the compression method to make the spinal cord injury models using suture ligation based on fenestration.Postoperative comparisons were made between the two groups,assessing urination behavior,hematuria,pyuria(infection rate),mortality,scoliosis rate and Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan locomotor rating scale scores at 1,3,5,and 7 days after modeling. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the conventional modeling method,the modified ligation method based on the compression method resulted in faster recovery of urination behavior,lower hematuria rate,lower infection rate,lower mortality rate,lower scoliosis rate,and more concentrated and stable Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scores(all below 2 points within 1 week).This proves that the modified ligation method based on compression is more suitable for the establishment of spinal cord injury models in rats.

Objective To investigate the common molecular features of immunothrombosis, thus enhancing the comprehension of thrombosis triggered by immune and inflammatory responses and offering crucial insights for identifying potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Methods Differential gene expression analysis and functional enrichment analysis were conducted on datasets of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and venous thromboembolism (VTE). The intersection of differentially expressed genes in SLE and VTE with those of neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) yielded cross-talk genes (CG) for SLE-NET and VTE-NET interaction. Further analysis included functional enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network assessments of these CG to identify hub genes. Venn diagrams and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were employed to pinpoint the most effective shared diagnostic CG, which were validated using a graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) dataset. Results Differential expression genes in SLE and VTE were associated with distinct biological processes, whereas SLE-NET-CG and VTE-NET-CG were implicated in pathways related to leukocyte migration, inflammatory response, and immune response. Through PPI network analysis, several hub genes were identified, with matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and S100 calcium-binding protein A12 (S100A12) emerging as the best shared diagnostic CG for SLE (AUC: 0.936 and 0.832) and VTE (AUC: 0.719 and 0.759). Notably, MMP9 exhibited good diagnostic performance in the GVHD dataset (AUC: 0.696). Conclusion This study unveils the common molecular features of SLE, VTE, and NET, emphasizing MMP9 and S100A12 as the optimal shared diagnostic CG, thus providing valuable evidence for the diagnosis and therapeutic strategies related to immunothrombosis. Additionally, the expression of MMP9 in GVHD highlights its critical role in the risk of VTE associated with immune system disorders.
Humans ; Computational Biology/methods* ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology* ; Protein Interaction Maps/genetics* ; Venous Thromboembolism/therapy* ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/genetics* ; Extracellular Traps/metabolism* ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; Thrombosis/immunology* ; Graft vs Host Disease/genetics* ; Gene Expression Profiling

Objective:To conduct quantitative evaluation on the revise requirements of Specifications of Air Sampling for Hazardous Substances Monitoring in the Workplace (GBZ 159-2004) , clarify the problems and suggestions during its implementation for improvement, and provide a basis for the revision of the standard.Methods:From April to September 2021, stratified convenient sampling method was adopted and semi-open questionnaire was used to investigate the occupational health personnel in CDC, occupational prevention and control institutes, employers, third-party technical service institutions and universitie. The entropy weight of each index and the score based on entropy weight of GBZ 159 were calculated. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to describe the correlation between the two indexes and radar chart was drawn for comprehensive evaluation.Results:A total of 151 questionnaires were received from the respondents, of which 147 were valid, with an effective recovery rate of 97.35%, involving 29 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. The median G scores of the necessity and urgency of GBZ 159 revision based on entropy weight were 2.84 and 3.17, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( M=-25.50, P<0.001) . The trend of the score G of necessity and urgency based on entropy weight was basically the same for all secondary items ( rs=0.9998, P<0.001) , and the score G of urgency based on entropy weight was higher than that of necessity. The highest score G of necessity and urgency based on entropy weight was "3.13 long time sampling", which were 7.56 and 8.23 respectively. This was followed by "3.12 short time sampling", which were 7.19 and 7.13 respectively. Conclusion:GBZ 159 has encountered some new problems and challenges in the implementation process, and some of its technical indicators have been out of line with the actual practice of occupational health at present. These are the two items that urgently needs to be revised and improved, such as "3.13 long time sampling" and "3.12 short time sampling" and other items need to be revised and improved.

Systematically evaluate the implementation of Specifications of Air Sampling for Hazardous Substances Monitoring (GBZ 159-2004) , so as to provide technical basis for the future standard revision. The semi-structured interview method was used to interview the industry experts from centers for disease control and prevention, occupational disease prevention and control hospitals/institutes, employers, third-party technical service institutions and universities, and the induction method was used to refine the topics and relevant suggestions. Some technical indicators of GBZ 159 are not suitable for the current actual work of occupational health, and need to be revised and improved urgently. The revised GBZ 159 should comply with the current situation of China's industrial development and the development of occupational health testing equipment in the new era, and improve the relevant technical requirements of sampling quality control.

BACKGROUND:Acupotomy is an effective method for the clinical treatment of osteoarthritis,with affirmed clinical outcomes,but the specific mechanisms remain unclear OBJECTIVE:To investigate the role of acupotomy in modulating chondrocyte autophagy to promote chondrocyte homeostasis in osteoarthritis. METHODS:Twenty-eight New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into control group,osteoarthritis group,acupotomy group,and hyaluronic acid group,with seven rabbits in each group.The knee osteoarthritis rabbit model was prepared using the Videman method in the latter three groups.After modeling,the control group and osteoarthritis group received no interventions.The acupotomy group received acupotomy treatment 15 minutes per time,once a week,while the hyaluronic acid group received intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid once a week,with a continuous treatment duration of 5 weeks.The day after the final intervention,knee joint macrostructure was observed using DR imaging,chondrocyte ultrastructure was examined through transmission electron microscopy,apoptosis of chondrocytes was assessed using Tunel staining,and western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of proteins related to the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The DR imaging results revealed that the osteoarthritis group exhibited narrowed knee joint spaces and the formation of periarticular osteophytes,while the hyaluronic acid group and acupotomy group showed widened knee joint spaces with a reduction in periarticular osteophytes.Transmission electron microscopy results demonstrated a decreased number of autophagosomes in chondrocytes in the osteoarthritis group,along with nuclear shrinkage,nuclear membrane rupture,incomplete organelle morphology,and a clear tendency towards cell death.In contrast,both the hyaluronic acid group and acupotomy group exhibited a significant increase in autophagosomes,intact nuclear membranes,and a well-preserved cellular state.Tunel staining results indicated a considerable decrease in the number of apoptotic cells in the hyaluronic acid group and acupotomy group compared with the osteoarthritis group.Western blot results revealed that,compared with the control group,the expression levels of Beclin1,Cath D,and LC3II/LC3I were significantly decreased in the osteoarthritis group(P<0.05),while the expression levels of p-Akt/Akt and p-mTOR/mTOR were significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with the osteoarthritis group,the expression levels of Beclin1,Cath D,and LC3II/LC3I were significantly increased in both the hyaluronic acid group and acupotomy group(P<0.05),while the expression levels of p-Akt/Akt and p-mTOR/mTOR were significantly decreased(P<0.05).To conclude,acupotomy intervention can modulate the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway to enhance the autophagic level in chondrocytes,thereby maintaining chondrocyte homeostasis.This ultimately leads to a slowdown in cartilage degeneration.

Objective To study the influence of the radius of the active zone of the plane source and the horizontal distance between the source center and the center of the detection window on the detection efficiency of low-background α/β measuring instruments. Methods The geometric factor was calculated under different conditions in MATLAB, and a traceable plane source was used to test and analyze two commonly used measuring instruments. Results With the other parameters unchanged, when the radius of the active zone R₁ = 9 mm, the G value was greatest; and when the horizontal distance a = 0 mm, the G value was greatest. According to the calculation formula of the verification regulation, for the ⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y planar source, at the maximum value of a, the detection efficiency of FYFS-400X was 1.2% lower, and that of MPC-9604 was 3.2% lower; for the ²⁴¹Am planar source, the detection efficiency of MPC-9604 was 1.9% lower at the maximum value of a. Conclusion The geometric factor decreases with the increase in the radius of the active zone and the horizontal distance between the source center and the center of the detection window. At the central position, the geometric factor has less influence on the relative standard uncertainty of detection efficiency. When using a standard plane source for counting, measures should be taken to ensure that the plane source is always centrally located in the sample tray.

Objective:To investigate the effect of N-acetylserotonin (NAS) on the retinal microglia polarization in retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI) rats and explore its mechanism via nucleotide-bound oligomeric domain 1 (NOD1)/receptor interacting protein 2 (Rip2) pathway.Methods:Healthy male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into Sham ( n=21), RIRI ( n=21) and NAS (injected intraperitoneally 30 min before and after modeling with NAS, 10 mg/kg, n=18) groups, using random number table. And the right eye was used experimental eye. The RIRI model of rats in RIRI group and NAS group was established by anterior chamber high intraocular pressure method. Rats in NAS group were intraperitoneally injected with 10 mg/kg NAS before and 30 min after modeling, respectively. The retinal morphology and the number of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) in each group were detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining. The effect of NAS on polarization of retinal microglia was detected by immunofluorescence staining. Transcriptome sequencing technology was used to screen out the differentially expressed genes between Sham and RIRI groups. Western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to examine the differentially expressed genes. Immunohistochemical staining, Western blot and RT-PCR were used to investigate the effect of NAS on the expression of NOD1 and Rip2 protein and mRNA in retinal tissue and microglia of rats. General linear regression analysis was performed to determine the correlation between the number difference of NOD1 + cells and the number difference of M1 and M2 microglia in retinal tissues of rats in NAS group and RIRI group. Results:A large number of RGC were observed in the retina of rats in Sham group. 24 h after modeling, compared with Sham group, the inner retinal thickness of rats in RIRI group was significantly increased and the number of RGC was significantly decreased. The thickness of inner retina in NAS group was significantly thinner and the number of RGC was significantly increased. Compared with Sham group, the number of retinal microglia of M1 and M2 in RIRI group was significantly increased. Compared with RIRI group, the number of M1 microglia decreased significantly and the number of M2 microglia increased significantly in NAS group. There was statistical significance in the number of M1 and M2 microglia in the retina of the three groups ( P<0.05). Transcriptome sequencing results showed that retinal NOD1 and Rip2 were important differential genes 24 h after modeling. The mRNA and protein relative expressions of NOD1 and Rip2 in retina of RIRI group were significantly higher than those of Sham group, with statistical significance ( P<0.05). The number of NOD1 + and Rip2 + cells and the relative expression of mRNA and protein in retinal microglia in RIRI group were significantly higher than those in Sham group, and NAS group was also significantly higher than that in Sham group, but lower than that in RIRI group, with statistical significance ( P<0.05). The number of Iba-1 +/NOD1 + and Iba-1 +/Rip2 + cells in retinal microglia in RIRI group was significantly increased compared with that in Sham group, and the number of Iba-1 +/Rip2 + cells in NAS group was significantly decreased compared with that in RIRI group, but still significantly higher than that in Sham group, with statistical significance ( P<0.05). Correlation analysis results showed that the difference of retinal NOD1 + and Rip2 + cells in NAS group and RIRI group was positively correlated with that of M1 microglia ( r=0.851, 0.895), and negatively correlated with that of M2 microglia ( r=-0.797, -0.819). The differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusion:NAS can regulate the microglial polarization from M1 to M2 phenotype, the mechanism is correlated with the NOD1/Rip2 pathway.

Objective:To investigate the association of serum uric acid (SUA) with the outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) at one year after onset.Methods:Patients with AIS admitted to the Department of Neurology, Dagang Hospital, Tianjin Binhai New Area were included retrospectively. According to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at 1 year after onset, patients were divided into a good outcome group (0-2) and a poor outcome group (>2). They were also divided into a survival group and a death group based on their survival status at 1 year after onset. The clinical baseline data and laboratory tests were compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the associations of SUA with poor outcome and death in patients with AIS. Results:A total of 651 patients were enrolled, including 430 males (66.1%) aged 67.5±11.7 years. Four hundred and fourteen patients (63.6%) were in the good outcome group, and 237 (36.4%) were in the poor outcome group. There were 568 patients (87.3%) in the survival group and 43 (16.7%) in the death group. Univariate analysis showed that there were differences in age, atrial fibrillation, history of stroke or transient ischemic attack, baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, and pre-admission mRS score between the poor outcome group and the good outcome group. The homocysteine, SUA, white blood cell count, and creatinine in the poor outcome group were higher than those in the good outcome group, while the red blood cell count and hemoglobin were lower than those in the good outcome group (all P<0.05). There were differences in age, history of ischemic heart disease, atrial fibrillation, history of stroke or transient ischemic attack, baseline NIHSS score, pre-admission mRS score, and stroke etiology classification between the survival group and the death group. Hemoglobin and triglycerides in the survival group were higher than those in the death group, while the white blood cell count and creatinine were lower than those in the death group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that SUA was an independent risk factor for poor outcome in patients with AIS (odds ratio 1.004, 95% confidence interval 1.001-1.006; P<0.01), but there was no independent correlation with death. Conclusion:Higher SUA is an independent risk factor for poor outcome at one year after onset in patients with AIS.

OBJECTIVE To screen the prescription and preparation method of Bupleurum nanoemulsion, and evaluate its quality, study the antipyretic effect. METHODS The emulsifier and co-emulsifier of the nanoemulsion were preliminarily screened, and then the prescription was screened by pseudo-ternary phase diagram. The quality evaluation of the appearance, particle size distribution, structure type, stability and content of the prepared Bupleurum nanoemulsion was performed. Wistar rats were further randomly divided into blank control group, model control group, positive control group(aspirin group), Bupleurum nanoemulsion high-dose, medium-dose and low-dose groups(18.00, 9.00, 3.00 g·kg−1). Except for the blank control group, the pathological model of fever rats was prepared in the other groups. According to the scheduled experimental requirements, rats in each group were given the corresponding drugs. And the temperature changes of rats in each group were recorded at 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3 h to observe the antipyretic effect of Bupleurum nanoemulsion. RESULTS The best prescription of Bupleurum nanoemulsion: Tween-80 6 g and n-butanol 3 g, Bupleurum extract dissolved in pure water as water phase 20 mL, Bupleurum oil as oil phase 2 g. At room temperature, the Bupleurum nanoemulsion was a yellow-brown clear and transparent liquid, O/W nanoemulsion, with an average particle size of (77.21±3.66)nm, polydispersity index of 0.28±0.04, Zeta potential of (–18.81±1.42)mV, and saikosaponin content of 3.071 mg·mL−1, with good stability. In animal experiments, compared with the model control group, the rectal temperature of aspirin group and Bupleurum nanoemulsion high-dose group was significantly lower after the first administration(P<0.01), the rectal temperature of Bupleurum nanoemulsion middle-dose group was significantly lower after the first administration 2, 3 h(P<0.01). CONCLUSION The Bupleurum nanoemulsion is transparent and stable, and it has good antipyretic effect on fever rat model.

Objective:In this retrospective study, the accuracy and outcomes of segmental Le Fort I surgery with the aid of 3D-printed surgical templates and occlusal splints and dental model surgery were evaluated.Methods:Clinical data of patients receiving segmental Le Fort I surgery in the Department of Orthognathic and Temporo-Mandibular Joint Surgery of West China Stomatological Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2014 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The accuracy of virtual surgical planning(VSP) and the difference between VSP and dental model surgery were evaluated by postoperative complications, color distance maps, and quantitative accuracy analysis.The amount of surgical displacement of the maxilla in the three-dimensional direction before and after surgery, the occurrence of postoperative complications and the patients'satisfaction survey were analyzed in both groups. Paired t-tests were used for the linear distance and angle between the preoperative design model and the final virtual surgery model in the digital surgery group. Independent samples t-test was used for each marker point’s preoperative and postoperative displacements in the three-dimensional direction between the digital surgery group and the dental model group. The proportion of postoperative complications in the 2 groups was tested using the Pearson chi-square test, and the difference was considered statistically significant at P<0.05. Results:There were 129 patients in the digital surgery group, 35 males and 94 females, aged (24.5±6.5) years, and 92 patients in the dental model surgery group, 28 males and 64 females, aged (27.7±5.4) years.The overall mean linear difference was 1.23±0.35 mm, and the overall mean angular difference was 2.48°±0.31°. The vertical displacement of U3R, U6L in the digital surgery group was (6.72±1.57)mm and (4.73±2.07)mm. The vertical displacement of U3R, U6L in the group of dental model surgery was (4.07±2.14)mm and (1.62±1.82)mm.The significant deviation difference in U3R-Y and U6L-Y between two groups could be detected. The complications in two groups showed a significant difference. Except for one case of root injury, there was no serious complication recorded in the digital surgery group. However, there were three cases of palatal fistulas, four cases of root injury and two cases of bone dehiscence in the dental model group. 94.5% of patients in the digital surgery group are satisfied with the surgical results, while 89.1% in the dental model group.Conclusion:Compared with dental model surgery, segmental Le Fort I surgery is highly accurate under the guidance of surgical templates and occlusal splint which has better postoperative results and effectively reduces the occurrence of surgical complications.