Background Human Tenon fibroblasts (HTFs) are the main cell component in scar tissue after antiglaucomatous filtrating surgery.To study the in vitro growth and proliferation features will offer an approach to the preventing and treating of scarring following antiglaucomatous filtrating surgery.Objective The goal of present study was to investigate the growth characteristics of HTFs in vitro from patients with bleb scarring after antiglaucomatous filtrating surgery.Methods This study process was approved by Ethic Committee of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital,and informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to the initaion of the study.The specimens of scaring tissue were obtained during the secondary trabeculectomy from 8 eyes with bleb scaring after initial antiglaucomatous filtrating surgery with the tissue size of 4 mm×5 mm,and the normal Tenon capsule specimens were acquired during the strabismus surgery from 8 eyes in the same way.HTFs were primarily cultured and passaged by tissue explants adherent method and identified using immunoinfluorescence technique with vemintin antibody.Nest PCR was used to exclude the mycoplasma infection during the culturing process.The morphology,growth curve and population doubling time (PDT) of the fifth generation of cells were examined and calculated by luminescence method cell vitality method 0,4,7,11,14 days and compared between the patients and normal groups.The stability of the cell growth was assessed by comparing the morphology,growth curve and PDT between the fifth generation and fifteenth generation of HTFs.Results Primarily cultured cells reached confluence 1-2 weeks with the similar shape to HTFs.The growth properties of the cells were same between the scarring group and normal group and showed positive response for vemintin antibody.No react band for mycoplasma was detected.The PDT was (20.54±3.51) hours and (18.86±2.91) hours in the scarring group and normal group,respectively,showing insignificant difference between them (t=0.634,P=0.561).No significant differences were found in the number of cells in 4,7,11 and 14 days after passage (t =2.663,P =0.081; t =0.194,P =0.863 ; t =3.338,P =0.053 ; t =0.627,P =0.565),with a consistent growth curve with the lapse of time between the two groups.The HTFs from scarred Tenon capsule fibrosis were cultured and passaged until the fifteenth generation.The PDT was gained to be (20.54 ±3.51) hours in the fifth generation of cells and (22.84±4.15) hours in the fifteenth generation of cells,without significant difference between them (t =0.733,P =0.505).The number of cellsin 4,7,11 and 14 days was not significantly different between the fifteenth generation and the fifth generation of cells (t=1.528,P=0.235;t=0.269,P=0.786;t=1.954,P=0.139;t =0.730,P =0.506).In addition,a good and stable growth curve also was exhibited in the fifteenth generation of cells compared with the fifth generation of cells.Conclusions Bleb scar-derived HTFs present good and stable growth in vitro.This result demonstrates HTFs were target cells in antifibrosis study after antiglaucoma filtrating surgery.

BACKGROUND: Hydrogen sulfide signaling has been proved to promote distraction osteogenesis; however,the underlying mechanism remains unclear.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between hydrogen sulfide and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)during the osteogenesis of rat bone marrow mesenchymal cells under tensile stress.METHODS: 2000 μ strain was loaded on the in vitro cultured rat bone marrow mesenchymal cells by a four-point bending apparatus, and hydrogen sulfide donor or HIF-1α inhibitor was adopted in the tensile unit. Subsequently, the levels of osteogenic markers were detected.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Exogenous hydrogen sulfide signaling could promote the osteogenesis of rat bone marrow mesenchymal cells under tensile stress. However, this promotion was obviously eliminated when the endogenous HIF-1α expression was inhibited.These results show that hydrogen sulfide signaling system promotes the osteogenesis of rat bone marrow mesenchymal cells under tensile stress probably through HIF-1α.

Since the United States released the first AHA CPR guidelines in 1966 since,CPR tech-nology in the world successfully rescued tens of thousands of cardiac arrest patients.After 50 years of devel-opment,CPR technology has become one of the dying patient in cardiac arrest and basic rescue techniques, have a significant impact on emergency aid,particularly released in 2000 CPR and ECC guidelines:evi-dence based medicine and global experts The recommendations become a strong support for the clinical treat-ment regimen.Thus,with the progress of the study to update the guidelines every five years,the medical profession has become concerned about the release point.October 2015 AHA in 《Circulation》journal re-leased new CPR guidelines,the new guidelines more streamlined processes,promote rapid response.The chain of survival outside the hospital and into the hospital,so that treatment mechanism more flexible.Con-firmed the single rescue operation sequence,sure the high quality of the BLS is the solid foundation of ACLS,and further stressed the importance of ACLS team.The purpose of this combined edition 2010 CPR Guidelines 2015 on the basis of new guidelines for comparative analysis,familiar with and master the new CPR guidelines change,so that medical staff better grasp CPR techniques,more scientific and effective res-cue cardiac arrest patients,improve Cardiopulmonary resuscitation success rate.

BACKGROUND:Long course of treatment and complications limit the extensive application of distraction osteogenesis, which cannot meet the clinical requirements. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of general administration of eucommia alcohol extract on new bone regeneration based on the rabbit model of mandibular distraction osteogenesis. METHODS:Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. Unilateral mandibular distraction osteogenesis model was established by 1 mm/12 h distraction protocol. During the distraction period, the rabbits in the experimental group were intragastricaly administered with eucommia alcohol extract and the control animals received the same amount of physiological saline, respectively. Six weeks later, the animals were sacrificed for osteogenic testing. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: New bone formation was observed in the distracted gap in both groups. However, the amount, mineralization and biomechanical strength of new regenerated bone in the experimental group were obviously greater than those in the control group by histological observation, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, micro-CT and biomechanical test. General administration of eucommia alcohol extract can markedly promote distraction osteogensis in rabbit mandibular osteodistraction.

Objective To investigate the clinical and imaging features of mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion of corpus callosum (MERS) in children.Methods Four patients of MERS, who were diagnosed and treated in the First Hospital of Jilin University during 2013-2014, were collected retrospectively.Their clinical, laboratory, radiologic data and the related literatures were reviewed.Results Four patients onsetted as gastrointestinal symptom (3 cases) or respiratory (1 case) symptom, in accompany with disturbance of consciousness (3 cases of drowsiness, 1 case of lethargy), convulsions (4 cases), headache (1 case) as the main symptoms.Abnormal neurological signs included positive cervical resistance (3 cases), positive bilateral Babinski sign (3 cases), bilateral chemosis (2 cases).Laboratory test showed the average blood sodium was 131.6 mmol/L, while the cerebrospinal fluid test only showed abnormality in 1 case.In etiology examination, 2 cases showed human rotavirus antigen positive, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody was found positive in 2 cases.Cranial MRI showed reversible lesion in the splenium of corpus callosum (patchy iso-or hypo-intensity on T1 WI and apparent diffusion coefficient, hyper-intensity on T2WI, FLAIR and DWI, clear boundary).After active treatment, clinical symptoms disappeared within 1 week, and cranial MRI lesions disappeared within 2 weeks.Conclusion The clinical presentations of MERS, which is a clinical-radiological syndrome, are sudden onset and mild, with characteristic changes in brain MRI and good prognosis.

ObjectiveTo study central venous oxygen saturation (ScyO2) in controlled hemorrhagic shock rabbits resuscitation process as a transfusion trigger and traditional transfusion trigger of comparison.MethodsSelection New Zealand pure line of rabbit 32 only,simple randonly divided into 4 groups,groups A and B for the observation group,groups C and D as control group,groups of eight only.A,B,C,D four groups respectively by ScvO2 ≤70％,ScvO2 ≤75％,hemoglobin (Hb)≥8g/dl,blood loss for the whole blood volume≥30％ as transfusion trigger.From right femoral artery bloodletting 10 minute inside,made the MAP to about (40 ± 5 )mmHg,and maintained the blood pressure 60 minutes,established controlled hemorrhagic shock rabbits of animal model.And then started to resuscitate,with colloid and crystalloid infusion according to the proportion 1∶2,infusion rate of about 10 ～ 15ml/( kg · h),according to the blood pressure and heart rate,and proper adjustment according to the different requirements of each group conducted a blood transfusion.Monitoring based value,shock,shock treatment 30 minutes,60 minutes,120 minutes,180 minutes all time points,and various indexes of blood loss,blood transfusions,crystalloid and colloid fluid volume and so on.ResultsIn shock treatment observation group A late blood pressure,pH,BE,HCO3-,O2ER etc compared with the other three groups had obvious statistical differences ( P ＜ 0.05 ),group B with C and D two groups at the same time points each monitoring were no significant differences ( P ＞0.05 ).The volume of transfusion group C was most,compared with the other three groups were significant difference ( P ＜ 0.05 ),group D of blood transfusions than A,B two groups (P ＜ 0.05 ),groups A and B infused colloid fluid,crystal fluid volume than groups C and D ( P ＜ 0.05 ),each group blood lossed without significant difference.ConclusionScvO2 for controlled hemorrhagic shock rabbit resuscitation monitoring can guide controlled hemorrhagic shock rabbit of blood transfusions,according to ScvO2 ≤75％ transfusion with traditional according to Hb or blood loss transfusion trigger comparison,can achieve the same resuscitation effect,and can more accurately and individualized guide transfusion,reduce unnecessary blood transfusions,save resources.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the relevant platelet parameters and the thromboelastographic in-dexes with the the occurrence and development of diabetic vascular complications so as to early find the high-risk group of vascular complications or early patients .Methods According to the WHO diagnostic criteria for diabetes ,268 patients with diabetes and 80 retired people with the physical examination (normal control group) were selected as the research subjects .268 cases were divided into the group A(HbA1c <6 .2% without vascular complications) the group B(HbA1c >6 .5% without vascular complications) and the group C(HbA1c >8 .0% with vascular complications ) .The Siemens ADVIA2120 fully automatic blood analyzer was adopt-ed to detect the platelet parameters of mean platelet volume (MPV) ,platelet distribution width(PDW) ,large-platelet(L-PLT) , MPM and mean platelet concentration(MPC);The TEG@ 5000 coagulation analyzer was adopted to perform the thromboelastogra-phy for detecting the values of R ,K ,Angle A and MA .All obtained data were statistically analyzed .Results L-PLT in the group B and the platelet parameters in the group C had statistical differences compared with the normal control group (P<0 .05) .The val-ues of R ,K ,Angle A in the group B and the values of R ,K ,Angle A and Ma in the group C had statistical differences compared with the normal control group (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Relevant platelet parameters and the thrombelastogram detection have the important significance to help to the clinical diagnosis of diabetic angiopathy ,guide the treatment and the condition monitoring ;the thrombelastogram is more sensitive than the detection of the relevant platelet parameters in early finding the patients with diabetic angiopathy .

Objective To assess the risk of sympathetic nerve injury in oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) in different lumbar spine segments based on anatomical study.Methods Twenty-four healthy adult volunteers (12 male and female) were selected and routine lumbar spine scanning was performed with MAG MAGOMOM Verio 3.0 T.The anatomical structures of left lumbar sympathetic trunk,abdominal aorta and left psoas muscle were identified on T2 images of L2,3,L3,4,L4,5 intervertebral space.And the anatomical parameters of the OLIF operation approach and the anatomical parameters of the left sympathetic trunk and adjacent structures were measured.The t-test was used to compare the parameters between the different sexes.The comparison of the data between the different segments was performed by the least significant difference (LSD) single factor analysis of variance.Results From the L2,3 to L4,5 segments,the anatomical parameters of the OLIF operation approach and the anatomical parameters of the left sympathetic trunk and the adjacent structures showed regular changes.The distances between the anterior margin of the left psoas muscle and the abdominal aorta from L2,3 to L4,5 were 13.65±4.10 mm to 9.42 ± 4.00 mm in adult healthy male individuals,and 13.89±3.18 mm to 8.38 ± 3.33 mm in female individuals,showing a significant downward trend.The distances between the left sympathetic trunk and the abdominal aorta from L2,3 to L4,5 were 10.76±3.89 mm to 6.68±3.39 mm in adult healthy male individuals,and 11.52±3.02 mm to 6.12±2.95 mm in female individuals,also showing a significant downward trend.There were significant differences in the operation area of OLIF surgery between different segments.The operation area of OLIF surgery was relatively large in L 2,3 segment,and the risk of sympathetic nerve injury was relatively small.The left lumbar sympathetic trunk in the L3,4 intervertebral space was walking front and inside,and there was a greater risk of injury in the OLIF surgery.Conclusion The left lumbar sympathetic trunk located in or close to OLIF surgery operation field in L2-L5 segments.There was a certain risk of sympathetic nerve injury in OLIF surgery,and the risk of sympathetic nerve injury was different in L2,3,L3,4,L4,5 segments.

Objective To investigate the effect of implantation of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs)on neovascularization and ischemic-type intrahepatic biliary lesion in rabbits.Methods The animals were divided into the sham-operation group, experimental model group and BM-MNCs implantation group with 10 rabbits in each. The animal model of ischemic-type intrahepatic biliary lesion was established by clamping the hepatic artery and common bile duct. The BM-MNCswere isolated from the tibial plateau by means of density gradient centrifugation and were implanted through the common hepatic artery. Changes of some biochemical markers such as ALT, AST, ALP,γ-GT, TBIL and DBIL etc. were detected. In 4 weeks after operation, the cholangiography, histopathological manifestation, differentiation of BM-MNCs, and microvessel density were observed.Results At each observation time, the degree of change of biochemical markers in group C was lower than that in group B. The engrafted cells could differentiate into vascular endothelial cells. The intrahepatic biliary lesion of group B was severer than that of group C but had fewer new capillary blood vessels around it. Conclusion The implantation of BM-MNCs can promote neovascularization and increase blood supply to the ischemic bile duct to diminish or prevent ischemic-type intrahepatic biliary lesion.