AIM:To establish the quality control standard of Compound Glucomannan Weight-reducing Tablet. METHODS:Material and tablets went through ultrasonic cleaning by 60% alcohol and then hydrolyzed to glucose and mannose with 2.0 mol/L sulfuric acid,derivatized with PMP,separated by RP-HPLC using a stage gradient elution,and wavelength was at 250 nm. The monosaccharide were studied under the help of internal standard; while the glucomannan content in Konjac refined powder and tablets was determined. RESULTS:Linearities of glucose and mannose were good (r=0.994 3,0.999 8) in the range of 0.05-0.5 mmol/L.The average recoveries of this method were 100.67% and 98.34%,RSD were 2.74% and 3.22%(n=5) respectively. Ratio of glucose to mannose in glucomannan was 2 ∶3,glucomannan content in Konjac refined powder was 88.2%,glucomannan content in tablet was 354 mg/p. dissolution used for glucomannan conformed to homogeneity. CONCLUSION:The established quality standard is simple,feasible and reproducible,and can be used for quality control of Compound Glucomannan Weight-reducing Tablet.

Objective To investigate the relationship between miR-411 and breast cancer,and the expression of miR-411 and its effects and mechanism research on proliferation and metastasis in breast cancer.Methods Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR411 in breast cancer cells and tissues.Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT),clone formation assay and Transwell assay were used to detect the effect of miR-411 expression on the proliferation,migration and invasion in breast cancer cells.The effect of miR-411 on growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (GRB2) expression in breast cancer cells was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.The direct effect of miR-411 target on GRB2 was detected by dual luciferase reporter assay.MTT,clone formation assay and Transwell assay detect the effect of GRB2 expression on the proliferation and invasion in breast cancer cells.Detection the effect high expression of miR-411 on GRB2 downstream signaling pathway related molecules expression in breast cancer cell with Western blot.Results The expression of miR-411 in breast cancer tissues was significantly lower than that in adjacent non-cancerous tissues (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of miR-411 in breast cancer cells SK-BR-3,BT-549 and MDA-MB-231 was significantly lower (P ＜ 0.05).Compared to the negative control group,the transfection of miR-411 mimic inhibited the proliferation,migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells (P ＜ 0.05).Targetscan showed that miR-411 could bind to GRB2 3'UTR at position 741-747.Compared with the negative control group,GRB2 3'UTR wild-type plasmid and miR-411 co-transfection reduced the fluorescence activity (P ＜ 0.05).Transfection of siGRB2 significantly reduced the expression of GRB2 protein in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells (P ＜ 0.05).Compared to the negative control group,the inhibition of GRB2 expression reduced the proliferation and the number of colony formation of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells (P ＜ 0.05).Transwell assay showed that transfection of siGRB2 significantly reduced the number of invasive cells in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions miR-411 is related closely to the occurrence and development of breast cancer,miR-411-GRB2-Ras axis is expected to become a new target for biological treatment of breast cancer.

ObjectiveTo study the technique and therapeutic effect of percutaneous cannulate screw fixation to treat the traumatic diastasis of the pubic symphysis.MethodsFrom February 2003 to December 2010,46 patients (27 men and 19 women,mean age of 34.6 years) with unstable pelvic fractures and diastasis of the pubic symphysis were admitted.All the patients were treated by closed reduction and percutaneous cannulate screw fixation of the symphysis pubis.Then to complete the fixation of posterior ring,by percutaneous screw inserted through the sacroiliac joint or posterior iliac wing.According to Tile's classification,the patients were classified into type B1.1 in 4 cases,B1.2 in 7,B2 in 2,B3 in 2,C1.1 in 7,C1.2 in 7,C1.3 in 10,C2 in 5 and C3 in 2.All patients were performed posterior ring fixation except 4 cases of type B1.1.Anteroposterior,inlet and outlet X-ray radiographs and CT scans of the pelvis were taken preoperatively to evaluate the stability and deformities,and after surgery the plain radiographs and CT scans were taken to evaluate the reduction and the location of screws.ResultsThe average operative time was 45 min (range,15-65 min),and the average intraoperative blood loss was 25 ml (range,15-50 ml).Each patient was inserted one screw in the symphysis pubis.Thirty-five patients underwent postoperative pelvic CT scan and 3screws of them penetrated the wall of symphysis pubis.The average follow-up period was 23.5 months (range,5-48 months).In the follow-up period,no infection and displacement were found.The last follow-up result:according to Matta and Tornetta's standard,the result was excellent in 43 cases and good in 3.Among all patients,31 cases (67.39％) had returned to their original works,6 were to give up their original works as complicating injuries; 28 cases had no pain,13 cases had slight pain of the symphysis pubis while to make an effort,5 cases had pain of sacroiliac joint.There were no iatrogenic injury of nerve.ConclusionClosed reduction and percutaneous cannulate screw fixation of the traumatic diastasis of the pubic symphysis is a safe,feasible and easy manipulated method.The operative injuries is small and the clinical outcome is satisfactory.

Objective To investigate the methods of X-ray diagnosis of various displacement of unstable pelvic fracture in three-dimensional space and its instructive significance in closed reduction.Methods A normal adult pelvic specimen was selected and fixed in a wood-frame at supine position after soft tissue rejection and ligament preservation.With the breakage at the unilateral anterior-posterior ring,models of hemipelvic rotation in the transverse and sagittal planes and hemipelvic vertically upward displacement were induced.Anteroposterior radiographs of the pelvic specimen were made and picture archiving and communication system (PACS) was used to measure width of iliac wing,suprainferior diameter of hemipelvis,vertical displacement of iliac crest,acetabulum roof,pubic tubercle and sciatic tuber and area of obturator foramen.Methods of X-ray diagnosis of various displacements of hemipelvis were concluded and applied in treatment of 43 patients with unstable pelvic fractures.Operation time and intraoperative blood loss were recorded.Postoperative images were evaluated by Matta standard.Results Hemipelvic rotation in transverse plane included eversion and inversion.Width of iliac crest was enlarged and area of obturator foramen was shrunk while extroversion ; on the contrary,an opposite result was observed while inversion.Sagittal rotation included pronation and supination.Pubic tubercle had obvious downward shift,iliac crest presented no change or slight upward shift,suprainferior diameter of hemipelvis was lengthened,iliac roof and sciatic tuber remained their position unchanged and area of obturator foramen was shrunk while pronation; on the contrary,pubic tubercle had obvious upward shift,iliac crest presented no change or slight downward shift,suprainferior diameter of hemipelvis was shortened,iliac roof and sciatic tuber remained their position unchanged and area of obturator foramen was enlarged while supination; iliac crest,acetabular roof,pubic tubercle and sciatic tuber presented equidistant upward shift while the hemipelvis displaced upward vertically.Average operation time was 55 minutes (range,15-85 minutes) and intraoperative blood loss was 26 ml (range,10-50 ml).According to Matta standard,pelvic radiography evaluation at postoperative 3 days was excellent in 31 cases and good in 12 cases,with excellent and good rate of 100％.Conclusion Pelvis X-ray films are able to diagnose various three-dimensional displacement of unstable pelvic fractures and guide closed reduction timely and rapidly to achieve satisfactory result.

Objective To study the therapeutic efficacy of the chondroplasty with radiofrequency technique under arthroscope for osteoarthritic knees in the senile patients.Methods Thirty-six patients were divided randomly into control and test groups(in each with 18 patients).The patients suffered from osteoarthritis of knees.The control group confirmed and treated by knee arthroscope,which was subjected to debridement with routine technique.The test group was treated by chondroplasty with radiofrequency technique under arthroscope.Results The patients developed no infection or other complications.Better therapeutic results were obtained after follow up of 6 to 18 months.Conclusions Chondroplasty with radiofrequency technique under arthroscope for the osteoarthritic knees has the advantages of less injury,less bleeding,less complication and quick recovery.

From the perspective of humanistic care,the article explores the dilemmas and misunderstandings in the treatment of patients with terminal cancer,and states great significance to develop palliative treatment and hospice service.The importance to establish the center for pain prevention and hospice care hospital for patients with terminal cancer is also clarified so as to improve the quality of their life.The development of palliative care and hospitalpice service also plays an active role in the establishment of a harmonious society in Hunan province.It is also called for to include the education of proper values on death as a part of public education.

OBJECTIVETo compare different surgical approaches in order to obtain better surgical exposure and more reliable reset fixation according to the different types of quadrilateral area fractures of acetabular.

METHODSFrom January 2006 to January 2011, 58 patients with the quadrilateral area fractures of acetabular were treated by surgical operation through the simple Kocher-Langenbeck (KL) approach, ilioinguinal approach, modified Stoppa approach, or combined surgical approach, or a combination of anterior column screw fixation percutaneously and modify Stoppa approach.

RESULTSForty-nine patients were followed up for an average time of 32 months ranging from 2 to 6 years. One patient with deep infection cured after treatment of effective antibiotics and drainage, 2 patients had a sciatic nerve injury, 2 cases of avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Among them, 36 cases were anatomical reducted, 8 were good and 5 were poor according to Matta's radiographic assessment system. According to the mean Merle d'Aubigne and Postel Score,32 patients got excellent result, 12 good,4 fair and 1 bad,the average score was (15.3 +/- 2.5).

CONCLUSIONSingle classic surgical approach can only use for some types of the complex quadrilateral area fractures of acetabular while combination approach may need for some fractures. Modified Stoppa approach combined with ilioinguinal approach or a combination of anterior column acetabular screw fixation are the most effective surgical approaches for complex quadrilateral area fractures of acetabular.

Acetabulum ; injuries ; surgery ; Adult ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo discuss the suitable surgical approach and the internal fixation of unstable pelvic pelvic fractures.

METHODSFrom May 2010 to May 2015, 45 patients with unstable pelvic fractures were treated with different approaches and fixations, including 38 males and 7 females with an average age of 45 years ranging from 21 to 61 years. The course was within 2 weeks. According to Young-Burg classification, 23 patients were lateral compression injuries, 6 patients were vertical shearing injuries, 16 patients were anterior-posterior compression injuries. All patients had hip pain and limitation of motion, the X-rays showed the pelvic ring fracture.

RESULTSAll wounds healed well without complications, 45 cases were followed up for a mean period of 13 months (ranged 9 to 21 months). Patients with hip pain had a good postoperative pain relief. The post-operative X-rays showed the reduction was satisfied and the pelvic ring shaped well. According to Majeed standards, the final follow-up score was 93.5±11.6, 35 cases got excellent results, 8 were good, 2 were fare.

CONCLUSIONSThe unstable pelvic and acetabular fractures are always with compound injury. Beside the reduction, to decrease the second surgery trauma should take into consideration as well, the intra-articular reduction and the stability of the pelvic were especially valued, so combined the different approach with minimal invasive technique can get good clinical result.

OBJECTIVETo retrospectively study medium term follow-up outcomes of the femoral intertrochanteric with lateral femoral wall fractures using anatomic locking plate fixation.

METHODSFrom June 2010 to January 2013, 18 cases of the unstable femoral intertrochanteric with lateral femoral wall fractures were treated with the anatomic locking plate, included 8 males and 10 females with an average age of 75.5 years ranging from 19 to 83 years old. There were 8 cases of traffic accident injuries, 6 cases of falls injuries, and 4 cases of falling from high place. The time from injury to operation was ranged from 1 to 14 days with an average of 4.5 days. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss and the length of hospitalization were recorded and analyzed. The fracture union was assessed by follow-up radiographs and hip functional recovery by PPMS and Harris hip scoring.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 36 to 68 months with a mean of(44.8±8.8) months. The mean operative time was (61.02±38.28) min;the mean blood loss was (226.00±162.52) ml;the mean length of hospitalization was (10.8±9.2) days. During the follow-up period, no infection, deep veintllrombosis, screwed cut-out and implant failure occurred in all patients. Coxa vara with shortening deformity was noted in 2 cases. Bone union was found in all the cases. The bone healing time was ranged from 4 to 10 months with an average of 6.2 months. The mean PPMS score at the final follow-up was 7.22±2.36. The Harris score was 79.46±11.02, 5 cases were classified as excellent, 9 as good and 2 as fair.

CONCLUSIONSProximal femoral anatomic locking plate can be used in treating intertrochanteric fractures with compromised lateral wall, which has a satisfied medium term follow-up outcomes, especially for complex fractures patterns in which intramedullary nailing may be difficult, and should not emphasis on premature loading.

OBJECTIVETo study clinical effects of inversive LISS(less invasive stabilization system, LISS) plate for the treatment of intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures combined with femoral shaft fractures.

METHODSFrom January 2012 to January 2015, 24 patients with intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures combined with femoral shaft fractures were treated with inversive LISS plate, included 16 males and 8 females with an average age of 62.5 years old ranged from 35 to 81 years old. There were 8 cases of traffic accident injuries, 3 cases of falling from high place, and 13 cases of falls injuries. The time from injury to operation was ranged from 2 to 12 days with an average of 5.2 days. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss and the length of hospitalization were analyzed. The fracture union was assessed by follow-up radiographs and hip functional recovery by Harris hip scoring.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 16.2 months (ranged, 18 to 36 months). The mean operative time was (68.22±48.36) min;the mean blood loss was (256.28±182.46) ml;the mean time of hospitalization was(14.8±5.2) days. There were no complications such as deep infection, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism and bone nonunion during the follow up period. The bone healing was ranged from 3 to 8 months with an average of 4.8 months. The mean Harris score was 76.49±12.28 at the final follow-up, 15 cases were classified as excellent, 6 as good and 3 as fair.

CONCLUSIONSInversive LISS plate can be used in treating with intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures combined with femoral shaft fractures, and should not emphasis on premature loading.