AIM: To explore the effect of drug content and encapsulated efficency of microsphere ophiopogon saponin preparation, providing more precise computational method. METHODS: Ophiopogon saponin enteric microsphere was prepared by spray drying technique, and the sum of saponin was determined by colorimetric analysis to evaluate the drug content and encapsulated efficency. RESULTS: The encapsulated efficency (%) was 94.75? 2.68. The drug content (mg/g) was 54.81? 2.12. CONCLUSION: The drug content the encapsulated efficency can affect the clinical dosage and the encapsulated efficency stands for the preparation process and the quality. So we should detect both drug content and the encapsulated efficency to evaluate preparation quality evaluation.

Objective:To investigate the effects of cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) promoter methylation in ovarian cancer on gene transcription and protein expression levels, and the regulation mechanism of mirNA-148A on CADM1 methylation levels.Methods:A total of 86 patients with ovarian cancer who received surgical treatment in the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University from Jun. 2018 to Jun. 2020 were selected as study subjects. The methylation level of CADM1 gene CpG island in ovarian cancer tissues and adjacent tissues was quantitatively detected. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the mRNA and mirNA-148a expressions of CADM1 gene. The CADM1 gene and DNMT1 protein levels were detected by Western blot. Human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells were treated with different concentrations of methyltransferase inhibitors (5-Azacytidine, 5-aza) , and CADM1 mRNA expression was detected 72 h later. Human ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV3 were transfected with mir-335-5p mimic, inhibitor and negative control respectively. Then mir-335-5p expression level and CADM1 gene methylation level were detected after transfection.Results:The methylation level of CADM1-1 island in ovarian cancer tissues was 2.89%±0.82%, significantly higher than that of paracancerous normal tissues 1.86%±0.68% ( t=4.936, P<0.001) , and that of CADM1-2 island in ovarian cancer tissues was 3.12%±0.93%, significantly higher than that of paracancerous normal tissues (2.27%±0.69%, t=5.114, P<0.001) . Pearson correlation analysis showed that the methylation level of CADM1-1 island and CADM1-2 island in ovarian cancer tissues was significantly negatively correlated with the relative mRNA expression (r was -0.615 and -0.582, respectively, and both P<0.001) , and with the protein expression level of CADM1 (r was -0.521 and -0.612, respectively, and both P<0.001) . The relative expression level of mirNA-148a in ovarian cancer tissues was 1.53±0.42, significantly lower than that in paracancer tissues (2.59±0.73, t=6.113, P<0.001) . After treatment with different concentrations of 5-AZA, mRNA expression levels of CADM1 gene in SKOV3 cells were significantly higher in the low concentration group and the high concentration group than in the control group (both P<0.05) , and mRNA expression levels in the high concentration group were significantly higher than in the low concentration group ( P<0.05) . After mirNA-148A transfected SKOV3 cells, the relative expression levels of mirNA-148a in the mimic group were significantly increased, while those of inhibitor group were significantly decreased ( P<0.001) . The DNMT1 expression level and CADM1 gene methylation level of mimic group were significantly decreased, while those of inhibitor group were significantly increased (P<0.001) . Conclusion:In ovarian cancer, miRNA-148a can regulate the DNA methylation level of CADM1 gene by acting on the downstream target protein DNMT1, thus affecting the mRNA and protein expression levels of CDM1 gene and participating in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer.

Flavaspidic acid AB is a bicyclic phloroglucinol derivative with various biological activities in Dryopteris fragrans (L.) Schott. The structure of flavaspidic acid AB was analyzed by inverse synthesis techniques, and its synthesis was designed under the principle of association. Using phloroglucinol as raw material, the 2-methyl-4-butyrylphloroglucinol was synthesized by Vilsmeier-Haack reaction, reduction and acylation, and the flavaspidic acid fragment was synthesized by acylation, alkylation and deacylation, after which N, N-dimethylmethyleneammonium iodide was activated and the flavaspidic acid AB was obtained. The structures of intermediates and flavaspidic acid AB were confirmed by MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR, and the yield of the target product reached 14.7%. Results indicate that the designed synthetic route of flavaspidic acid AB is simple and easy.