Objective To discuss the clinical nursing care for liver abscess patients treated by indwelling drainage tube after puncture under ultrasonic guidance.Methods 64 liver abscess patients with diameter of the abscess longer than 5cm were treated by indwelling drainage tube after puncture under ultrasonic guidance,clinical nursing care was performed before and after the operation.Results The recovery rate of liver abscess treated by puncture was 100％,no complication occurred.Conclusions It is feasible for the liver abscess patients to perform puncture under ultrasonic guidance,and meticulous nursing is a pivotal measure to improve cure rate.

Objective To describe the condition of depression of the undergraduate nursing students in practice,and compare the differences of depression between male and female nursing students.Methods Using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) to investigate the undergraduate nursing students who were practicing in the Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from July 2011 to June 2012 and analyze the condition and gender-related differences of depression.Results The occurrence of depression was high in the undergraduate practical nurses(37.2％).The occurrence of depression in the male (41.2％)undergraduate practical nurses was higher than that in the female (34.6％) undergraduate practical nurses.The occurrence of depression was mostly light depression(16.3％) and middle depression (20.9％),no serious depression occurred.Conclusions The higher occurrence of depression in the undergraduate practical nurses and the gender-related differences signify the importance of psychological problems.

Objective To explore the effect of treadmill training on inspiratory function and its association with improvement of exercise capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods The 12 moderate to severe COPD patients were allocated to lower-limb exercise training for 12weeks. The routine tests of pulmonary ventilation function, diffusion function,lung volume, peak inspiratory flow (PIF), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), symptom-limited progressive cycle ergometer exercise tests and constant work rate exercise tests were administered before and after the training program. During the constant work rate exercise tests, tidal breathing flow volume (TBFV) curves were recorded every 1 mir. Results After treadmill training, the exercise duration (T) (t=7. 357, P＜0. 001), peak work rate (WRpeak) (t=3. 614, P＜0.05), MIP (t=4.754, P＜0. 001) and PIF (t=2. 440, P＜0. 05) increased significantly. The tidal PIF (t=- 2.747, P＜0.05) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) (t = - 4.487, P＜ 0.05 ) decreased significantly at isotime. Maxium inspiratory flow reserve (△FLOWinsp) (t = 2. 755, P ＜ 0. 05 ) increased significantly at isotime, and maxium expiratory flow reserve (△FLOWexp) (t = 1. 326, P ＞ 0.05)showed no significant changes; The△T were positively correlated with △MIP (r=0. 613, P＜0. 05),△PIF (r=0.497, P＜0.05) and △FLOWinsp (r=0.592, P＜0.05). Conclusions Lower limb exercise training improves inspiratory function of COPD patients. The improvement of exercise endurance in moderate to severe COPD patients after lower limb exercise training is due to increases of inspiratory muscle strength, maxium PIF and inspiratory flow reserve.

Objective To explore the relationship between improved exercise endurance and inspiratory muscle strength,dyspnea and lower limb fatigue in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)patients. Methods Twelve moderate-to-severe COPD patients were given lower limb exercise training for 12 weeks.Routine tests of pulmonary ventilation function,diffusion function,lung volume,maximal inspiratory pressure(MIP),expiratory flow limitation(EFL),cycle ergometer exercise capacity and constant work rate capacity were administered before and after the training program.Borg's scale(BS)was used to assess dyspnea and lower limb fatigue was measured during the exercise tests.Results After training,the average peak work rate(W Rpeak)and average MIP both had increased significantly,but no significant change was observed in routine pulmonary ventilation function,diffusion function or lung volume.The 5-point EFL score showed no significant change.hut Borg's scale dyspnea scores and lower limb fatigue decreased significantly.The changes in W Rpeak were positively correlated with the MIP changes,Borg scale scores and changes in Borg scores.All of these relationships were statistically significant. Conclusion The improved exercise endurance of moderate-to-severe COPD patients after lower limb exercise training is due to increased inspiratory muscle strength and decreases in the sensation of dyspnea and lower limb fatigue.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the status quo and influence factors of self monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) and self-efficacy of diabetes patients' that participated in community diabetes self management group.

METHODSBeijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, Jiangsu, Guangdong, and Zhejiang were selected as the study sites considering patients management experiences they had. 1 401 adult diabetes patients were recruited from communities via health records system screening, telephone notification, poster advertisement, letters invitation ways. Face to face questionnaire survey was applied to obtain patients' general information, diabetes history, diabetes knowledge awareness, SMBG, and self-efficacy information. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between factors and self efficacy.

RESULTSThere were 519 male patients (37.0%) and 882 female patients (63.0%) with an average age of (64.9 ± 8.9) years old. Patients lived in city accounted for 48.0% (672/1 401) and rural patients accounted for 52.0% (729/1 401). Patients who conducted SMBG accounted for 79.9% (1 120/1 401) and 33.3% (446/1 401) patients conducted blood glucose monitoring 1-3 times per month. Rural patients, primary school educated, and new rural cooperative medical system (NCMS) covered patients had a higher proportion of never conducting SMBG which were 21.9% (160/729), 24.2% (160/662), and 26.3% (125/475) , respectively. Scores of self-efficacy was (69.24 ± 16.30) (hundred-mark system) with a relative lower score in monitoring of blood glucose (64.09 ± 20.08) and foot care (63.63 ± 21.40), as well as a highest score in taking medicine and insulin injections (76.10 ± 22.00). Multiple regression analysis on self-efficacy and its related factors show a negative correlation between patients' place of residence and self-efficacy (β' = -0.076) and a positive correlation between education and self-efficacy (β' = 0.114) as well as between diabetes knowledge awareness and self-efficacy (β' = 0.193)(t = -2.46, 3.71, 7.18, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCommunity diabetes patients had a low self-efficacy and it was even lower among low economic and education degree patients. The worst parts were SMBG and foot care. Place of residence, education, and diabetes knowledge awareness are factors that influence patients' self efficacy.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring ; statistics & numerical data ; China ; epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus ; therapy ; Female ; Foot ; Humans ; Insulin ; Male ; Medication Adherence ; statistics & numerical data ; Middle Aged ; Regression Analysis ; Self Efficacy ; Surveys and Questionnaires