Vascular endothelial growth factor is a vascular endothelial cell-specific mitogen.It is the most important angiogenic factor.VEGF expresses highly after cerebral infarction.It plays importmt roles in angiogenesis and neuroprotection.At the same time,its overexpression will also increase vascular permeability;thereby it may aggravate brain edema.This article reviews the advances in research on VEGF and its receptors and cerebral infarction.

Objective To detect the difference of intensity of A ,B ,H antigen on erythrocytes between neonates and adult .Meth-ods Anti-A ,anti-B and anti-H serum were diluted in multiple proportions ,then add the sample erythrocytes into the test tube to react with the serum above .Observe the agglutination between the erythrocytes and the serum ,and score for every agglutination re-action .The total of the score in different dilution of every sample were brought into statistics analysis by SPSS software .Results The A ,B ,H antigen intensity on the surface of erythrocyte of neonates were less than that of adult (P<0 .05) .And no matter neo-nates or adult ,the A antigen intensity on the surface of type A erythrocytes were higher than that of B antigen on the surface of type B erythrocyte(P<0 .05) .The A ,B ,H antigen intensity have no significant difference between adult male and female (P>0 .05) .Conclusion There is a significant difference of A ,B ,H antigen intensity on erythrocytes between neonates and adult .It also can be concluded that the varity of the antigen has effect on intensity of A ,B ,H antigen in erythrocytes ,except sex .

OBJECTIVE To norm the isolation and management of special infection patients and eliminate the incidence of hospital infections.METHODS The measures,the implementation of training and personal management,and details of control were determined.RESULTS The system management and isolation measures were implemented to effectively control the incidence of hospital infections.CONCLUSIONS The isolation and control of special infection patients are a systematic and rigorous work,it is very important to form a scientific,complete and easy to implement workflow and management system for the control of hospital infections.

Aim To identify alteration in key molecular components related to memory formation and insulin signaling in the hippocampus after rosiglitazone was in-jected into the ob/ob mice to test whether cognitive dysfunction was pharmacologically reversed by regula-tion of rosiglitazone. Methods The age-matched mice were divided into three groups ( n=18 ): Saline-trea-ted WT mice ( WT-Saline);Saline-treated ob/ob mice ( ob/ob-Saline) and RSG-treated ob/ob mice ( ob/ob-RSG) through intraperitoneal injection of rosiglitazone ( RSG) . The random glucose levels were measured for 10 days during the intraperitoneal injection period. No-vel object recognition was performed before mice were sacrificed. Western blot was implemented to evaluate the following proteins: BACE1, p-Tau, p-IRS1,IRS1, p-Akt and Akt in hippocampal tissues. The Aβ1-40 levels were detected by ELISA Kit. Results The random blood glucose levels were significantly re-duced in ob/ob-RSG compared with ob/ob-saline. RSG treatment led to an increase in hippocampus-de-pendent cognition of ob/ob mice according to the novel object recognition. The proteins levels of BACE1, p-Tau and Aβ were lowered in RSG-treated ob/ob mice. Furthermore, RSG treatment up-regulated hippocampal p-IRS1/IRS1 and p-Akt/Akt ratio. Conclusion Ros-iglitazone ameliorates cognitive deficits in ob/ob mice through up-regulating insulin signaling pathways in the hippocampus.

Aim To construct a subtracted cDNA library o f differentially expressed genes in human gastric carcinoma induced by diallyl dis ulfide(DADS). Methods Differentially expressed cDNA species induc ed by DADS in MGC 803 human gastric carcinoma cell line was determined by using suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH). Then these cDNA species were direct ly inserted into T/A cloning vector to set up the subtractive library. Amplification of th e library was carried out with transformation of E.coli by high voltage electrop erforation. One hundred positive bacteria clones were randomly picked and identi fied using PCR method. Results The amplified library contained more than 1,000 positive bacteria clones. Random analysis of 100 clones with PCR m ethod showed that all clones contained 100～600 bp inserts.Conclusions A subtracted cDNA library of differentially expressed genes in MGC 803 hum an gastric carcinoma cell line induced by DADS is constructed successfully with SSH and T/A cloning techniques. The library is efficient and lays solid foundati on for screening and cloning new and specific tumor correlative genes of human g astric carcinoma, and provides a new idea for further exploring the mechanism of DADS effects on carcinoma cells.

Aim To investigate whether DATS induce MGC803 cell apoptosis and the relationship betweenapoptosis and Ca~(2+) disruption. Methods MGC-803 cell growth inhibition was measured by MTT assay. Tunnel and flow cytometry methods were used to determine the induction of apoptosis and Ca2+ homeostasis disruption. Result MTT assay showed that the inhibitory rates on MGC-803 cell growth of different concentrations of DATS 4,8,12,16 and 24 mg?L-1 were 0.231?0.037,0.305?0.036,0.455?0.029,0.607?0.058,0.751?0.019 respectively. Flow cytometry analysis showed that treating MGC803 cell with DATS significantly increased the percentage of apoptosis cells and intracellular Ca2+. Treatment of cells with 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxye-thane)-N,N,N-tetraacetic acid tetrakis acetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA-AM), cellular Ca2+ chelator, resulted in abolishment of the elevation of intracellular Ca~(2+) and blockage of DATS induced apoptotic of MGC-803. Conclusoin DATS could induce apoptosis of MGC-803 cells through the mechanism of Ca~(2+) homeostasis disruption.

Objective To investigate the influence of gestational vitamin A(VA) deficiency on lipid synthesis in offspring liver tissue by using the rat model of gestational vitamin A deficiency.Methods The rat model of gestational VA deficiency was established and divided into the normal AV,VA deficiency and VA deficiency and supplement (VAD) groups.The offspring blood lipid levels were detected.The mRNA expression changes of lipid synthesis molecule ACC1,FAS and SREBP1 in liver were detected;the lipid droplet deposition situation after HE staining in offspring liver tissue section was observed.Results The HDL-C level of the VAD group was significantly lower than that of the VA normal group(VAN group and VAS group,P＜0.05),and the difference between the VAN group and VAS group had no statistical difference(P＞0.05).The TG level had statistically significant difference among the three groups(P＜0.05).The ACC1,FAS and SREBP1 mRNA expression levels in the VAD group were significantly increased.The liver in the VAD group appeared more lipid droplet deposit with partial lipid droplet vacuoles in cytoplasm;while the liver cells in the VAS and VAN groups showed the regular arrangement without obvious lipid droplet deposit.Conclusion Gestational VA deficiency may induce the abnormal activation of liver lipid synthesis pathway in rat offspring and causes lipid metabolic disturbance.

Objective To study the changes and significance of 11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2 gene and protein expression in pla-centa of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus .Methods Thirty pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM ) and normal glucose tolerance (NGT ) were selected .Chemiluminescence was used to determine the serum cortisol ,neonatal cord blood cortisol and fasting insulin ect .Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression location of 11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2 in the placenta .The differential expression of 11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2 genes and proteins were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot .Results Compared with NGT group ,fasting insulin ,HOMA-IR ,insulin secretion index and maternal serum cortisol level were significantly increased in GDM group [(19 .95 ± 1 .05) mU/L vs .(12 .93 ± 1 .50) mU/L ,4 .54 ± 0 .67 vs .2 .87 ± 0 .43 , 80 .55 ± 6 .18 vs .53 .15 ± 5 .58 ,(1110 .00 ± 40 .91) nmol/L vs .(934 .1 ± 45 .92) nmol/L ,P<0 .05)] ,but there were no significant differences were found in fasting blood glucose and cord blood cortisol (P>0 .05) .The distribution of 11β-HSD1 in the placenta was distributed in the outer layer of villous syncytiotrophoblast ,villous interstitial and dry villi .The expression of 11β-HSD2 was con-centrated in the outer layer of villous syncytiotrophoblast .Real time-PCR and Western blot results showed that the expression of 11β-HSD1 mRNA and protein in placenta of GDM group was significantly lower than that of NGT group (0 .56 ± 0 .09 vs .1 .36 ± 0 .36 ,0 .27 ± 0 .07 vs .1 .00 ± 0 .01 ,P< 0 .05 ) ,11β-HSD2 mRNA was significantly higher than NGT group (5 .17 ± 1 .02 and 1 .21 ± 0 .34 respectively ,P<0 .05) ,but no significant difference was found in protein level (P>0 .05) .Conclusion The differenti-al expression of 11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2 in placenta of gestational diabetes mellitus can avoid the maternal poor pregnancy envi-ronment ,but will cause long-term harm to the fetus .

OBJECTIVETo determine the effects of probucol on serum parameters and liver histopathology in rats with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and explore the mechanisms.

METHODSForty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into 4 equal groups, namely the normal control group (NC group) with a standard feeding, high-fat diet group (HD group) fed with a high-fat diet, probucol (500 mg/kg daily) control group (NP group) fed with standard diet, and probucol group fed with a high-fat diet (HP group). After 15 weeks of feeding, the rats were euthanized for histopathological inspection of the liver with HE staining and detection of farnesoid X receptor (FXR), SHP and SREBP-1C expressions using semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting.

RESULTSAfter the 15-week feeding, the rats in HP group had significantly lower levels of serum ALT, AST, cholesterol, bile acid, and free fatty acid than those in HD group (P<0.01 or 0.05). Compared with the normal control group, high-fat diet feeding resulted in significantly decreased mRNA and protein levels of FXR and SHP (P<0.05) and significantly increased SREBP-1C level (P<0.05). These high-fat diet-induced gene expression changes were reversed by probucol intervention (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONProbucol treatment has beneficial effects on serum parameters, hepatic steatosis, and lobular inflammation in high-fat diet-induced NASH possibly by up-regulating FXR expression.

Animals ; Anticholesteremic Agents ; pharmacology ; Diet, High-Fat ; Disease Models, Animal ; Male ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; blood ; drug therapy ; Probucol ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVE: To identify phytochemical constituents present in the extract of flowers of Xanthoceras sorbifolia and evaluate their anti-oxidant and anti-hyperglycemic capacities. METHODS: The AlCl₃ colorimetric method and Prussian Blue assay were used to determine the contents of total flavonoids and total phenolic acids in extraction layers, and the bioactive layers was screened through anti - oxidative activity in vitro. The Waters ACQUITY UPLC system and a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈ column (2.0 mm × 150 mm, 5 μm) were used to identify the ingredients. And anti-oxidative ingredients were screened by off-line UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-free radical scavenging. The ameliorative role of it was further evaluated in a high-fat, streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rat model and the study was carried out on NADPH oxidase (PDB ID: 2CDU) by molecular docking. RESULTS: Combined with the results of activity screening in vitro, the anti - oxidative part was identified as the ethyl acetate layer. A total of 24 chemical constituents were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in the ethyl acetate layer and 13 main anti-oxidative active constituents were preliminarily screened out through off-line UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-free radical scavenging. In vivo experiments showed that flowers of X. sorbifolia could significantly reduce the blood glucose level of diabetic mice and alleviate liver cell damage. Based on the results of docking analysis related to the identified phytocompounds and oxidase which involved in type 2 diabetes, quercetin 3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, and isoquercitrin showed a better inhibitory profile. CONCLUSION The ethyl acetate layer was rich in flavonoids and phenolic acids and had significant anti-oxidant activity, which could prevent hyperglycemia. This observed activity profile suggested X. sorbifolia flowers as a promising new source of tea to develop alternative natural anti-diabetic products with a high safety margin.