This study is to investigate the effect of (2-methyl-n-butyl) shikonin (MBS) on inducing apoptosis of human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 and the role of ERK1/2 signal pathway in the apoptosis. MTT assay was used to detect SGC-7901 cell proliferation. DNA condensation was measured by DAPI stain. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was analyzed by JC-1 staining. The protein expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, Survivin, cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP, p-ERK1/2, ERK1/2, p-JNK, JNK, p-p38 and p38 were detected by Western blotting. The results showed that MBS reduced the cell viability of SGC-7901 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The IC50 at 24 h and 48 h for SGC-7901 cells was 10.113 and 4.196 micromolL(-1), respectively. After being treated with MBS, the typical nuclear condensation was observed in SGC-7901 cells by DAPI stain. Apoptosis in SGC-7901 cells was induced by MBS in a dose dependent manner. The protein expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated, while the protein expressions of cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP, p-ERK1/2 and p-JNK were up-regulated after MBS treatment. U0126, a specific MAP kinase (MEK1/2) inhibitor, blocked the ERK1/2 activation by MBS. MMP was decreased by MBS treatment. It can be concluded that MBS could inhibit SGC-7901 cell proliferation and induce apoptosis. Mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, ERK1/2 signal pathway and JNK signal pathway might be involved in this process.

Objective:Animal models were set up to explore the best preventative intra-nasal administration of interleukin 27 (IL-27)to diminish allergic airway inflammation of asthma and the related molecular mechanisms. Methods:Ninety-six female C57/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups,a group of the control group,a group of asthma group,and two groups of the prevention group. Based on being sensitizing and challenging with Ovalbumin ( OVA ) in the asthma model, two kinds of IL-27 administration asthma animal models were set up,one of which was low-dose-multiple preventive administration before OVA sensitization,one was low-dose-multiple preventive administration after OVA sensitization but before OVA challenge. Sacrificed the mice after challenging and analyzed the IL-5 and IL-13 levels in supernatant of Broncho alveolar lavage fluid( BAL) using ELISA;and HE stain and inflammation score were done for the lungs. Sacrificed the mice before challenging and used the lungs to analyze the level of total signal transducer and activator of transcription-1(STAT1) protein and phos-STAT1 based on the method of Western blot. Results: In low-dose-multiple administration before sensitization preventions group,IL-27 inhibits the secretion of IL-5 and IL-13(P<0. 05) and inflammation around bronchial and vascular obviously, and the inflammation score was lower than asthma group ( P<0. 05 ) , while another group has no significant effects ( P>0. 05 ) . The phosphorylation of STAT1 was impaired in mice after OVA sensitization, and preventative administration of IL-27 before sensitization could reverse the impairment of STAT1, whereas another group had no obviously changes. Conclusion:Preventative administration of IL-27 before sensitization can attenuate the airway inflammation in the mouse asthma model via reversing the phosphorylation of STAT1,while the mice which has been sensitized resisting the inhibition of IL-27 due to the impairment of the phosphorylation of STAT1 and already committed Th2-CD4+T cells existed in sensitization-mice airway might be the reason for such IL-27 resistance.

Objective To investigate the effect of Tanreqing injection on pulmonary function, blood gas index and clinical symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods 90 cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients from January 2010 to December 2013 in Xinjiang Tuha Petroleum Hospital were selected as the research object.They were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group, 45 cases in each group.The control group received routine western medicine, on the basis of this, the patients in the observation group were treated with Tanreqing injection.Before treatment and 15 days after treatment, compared the two groups of patients with pulmonary function , blood gas index and the improvement of clinical symptoms.Results Before treatment, there were no significant differences between the two groups of patients with FEV1 , FVC, FEV1/FVC and other pulmonary function index, PaO2 , PaCO2 , SaO2 and other blood gas index and the scores of clinical symptoms.15 days after treatment, the two groups of patients with FEV1 , FVC, FEV1/FVC and other indicators of pulmonary function significantly increased, while its PaO2 , SaO2 levels also increased significantly, the level of PaCO2 in the two groups was decreased, and the clinical symptom scores were significantly decreased.However, the improvement rates of the observation group were significantly higher than that of the control group, the differences between the groups were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion On the basis of conventional western medicine treatment, add Tanreqing injection to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, can significantly improve the pulmonary function and blood gas index level, the clinical symptoms have been effectively relieved.

Objective Amblyopia is common disease in children. It can cause visual suppression that damage binocular vision function especially to the development of stereopsis. The objective of this study was to investigate the stereoscopic vision in children with different types and degrees of amblyopia. Methods This is a clinical retrospective comparative analysis. 178 children with amblyopia from Sichuan Provincial Corps Hospitial CAPF were enrolled in this study. Approximation zero disparity, crossed disparity, uncrossed disparity were examined with Yan' s stereogram. The classification of stereogram based on the criteria of Okuda. The degree of amblyopia was graded based on the corrected vision acuity. Results The differences in the eyes and percentage of approximation zero disparity, crossed disparity, uncrossed disparity among refractive amblyopia group, anisopia amblyopia group and strabismic amblyopia group were statistically significant, respectively(χ~2 =13. 979, P =0. 001; χ~2 = 15. 198, P = 0. 001 ; χ~2 =6. 974, P = 0. 031) . Approximation zero disparity, crossed disparity in mild amblyopia were better than of medium amblyopia in ametropic amblyopic children (P ＜ 0. 05) . No statistically significant difference in the eye number and percentage of uncrossed disparity was found between mild and moderate refractive ametropia (P ＞ 0. 05) . The same outcomes also were seen in approximation zero disparity, crossed disparity, uncrossed disparity between mild and medium anisopia amblyopia (P ＞ 0. 05) . No statistically significant differences in the eye number and percentage of approximation zero disparity, crossed disparity were found between mild and moderate strabismic amblyopia (P ＞0. 05) . Conclusion Amblyopia affects the development of stereoacuity. Amblyopia is aggravated with the increase of amblyopia degrees. The influence of amblyopia on stereoscopic vision is most mild in refractive ametropic and most serious in strabismic amblyopia.

Objective To investigate the effects of parecoxib pretreatment on the intrapulmonary shunt during one-lung ventilation in patients undergoing esophageal cancer resection.Methods Forty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes,aged 25-64 yr,weighing 45-70 kg,with body height 156-178 cm,undergoing elective esophageal surgery,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =20 each):normal saline group (group NS) and parecoxib group (group P).Parecoxib 40 mg (in normal saline 10 ml) was injected intravenously 30 min before anesthesia in group P,while the equal volume of normal saline was given instead of parecoxib in group NS.Anesthesia was induced with iv injection of propofol,fentanyl and rocuronium.Bronchial blocker was inserted after tracheal intubation and the correct position was confirmed by bronchoscopy.Anesthesia was maintained with iv infusion of propofol and remifentanil and intermittent iv boluses of atracurium.HR,MAP,SpO2 and mean airway pressure (Pmean)were determined at 5 min of two-lung ventilation,at 40 min of one-lung ventilation,and at 30 min after re-expansion of the collapsed lung (T0-2).Blood samples were taken simultaneously from jugular vein and radial artery for blood gas analysis.Intrapulmonary shunt (Qs/Qt) was calculated.Results There were no significant differences in hemodynamic parameters and Pmean between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).PaO2 was significantly lower,while Qs/Qt was significantly higher at T1,2 than at T0 in groups NS and P (P ＜ 0.05).PaO2 was significantly higher,while Qs/Qt was significantly lower at T2 than at T1 in groups NS and P (P ＜ 0.05).Qs/Qt was significantly lower at T1,2 and PaO2 was significantly higher at T2 in group P than in group NS (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Parecoxib 40 mg injected intravenously at 30 min before anesthesia can reduce the intrapulmonary shunt during one lung ventilation in patients undergoing esophageal cancer resection.

This study aimed to evaluate emerging trends of drug resistance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) among 290 former blood donor HIV-1 infected patients in Hubei,China,from 2004 to 2006,all of whom had received anti-HIV-1 therapy.The presence of NRTI- and NNRTI-associated mutations were established by sequencing; genotypic and predicted phenotypic drug resistance were evaluated using HIVdb Program version 5.0.1 (http://hivdb.stanford.edu/pages/algs/HIVdb.html).Genotypic drug resistance analysis showed significant increases in percentages of patients carrying HIV-1 strains with M41L,T215Y/F,D67N,K103N,G190A/S,Y181C/F or L210W mutations.Of the variants' predicted phenotypic drug resistance,highly significant increases were detected in percentages of patients carrying HIV-1 with high resistance to zidovudine (AZT) or stavudine (D4T) in NRTIs,and to delavirdine (DLV),efavirenz (EFV) or nevirapine (NVP) in NNRTIs; intermediate resistance to abacavir (ABC),AZT,D4/T,didanosine (DDI) or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in NRTIs,and to etravirine (ETR) in NNRTIs; and low and potential low resistance to lamivudine (3TC),ABC,emtricitabine (FTC) or TDF in NRTIs,and to ETR in NNRTIs.

AIM: To investigate the influence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) expressing indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity on the allogeneic T-lymphocyte responses.METHODS: MSCs were isolated and cultured from human bone marrow. Selected surface markers of MSCs were detected by flow cytometry and their morphologic characteristics were determined by microscopy. The pluripotentiality of MSCs was also studied. IDO mRNA and IDO protein expressions in MSCs induced by γ-interferon (IFN-γ) at the concentration of 2×105 U/L were detected. MSCs induced by IFN-γ at the concentration of 2×105 U/L were plated in dishes and then mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) cultures were set up. T-lymphocytes proliferation was determined by MTT assays and IDO activity was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS: IFN-γ could stimulate IDO mRNA and IDO protein expressions in MSCs. IDO enzyme activity in induced MSCs inhibited T-lymphocyte proliferation of MLR cultures. CONCLUSION: MSCs could suppress T-lymphocyte responses via IDO enzyme activity in vitro.

Objective Study the anti-tumor effects in vivo of AMH-D on S-180 cell lines, the synergistic effects of AMH-D and cyclophosphamide,and investigate the way and its strength of the effect. Provide the basis for the development of anti-cancer drug. Methods Kunming mice were transplanted with S-180 tumor cells subcutaneously in the right armpit. Intraperitoneal injection was done after randomization on the next day. Mice were killed on the eleventh day, and tumors were stripped and weighed. The tumor weight was used as indicator for analysis and evaluation. Results The results showed that AMH-D could effectively inhibit the growth of S180 cells transplanted tumor. The tumor inhibition rate was 50.45%at the dose of 150 mg/kg, with a dose-effect relationship. There were no obvious impacts on the growth of the weight of mice. The results showed that AMH-D had a synergistic effect combined with cyclophosphamide within a certain dose. Conclusion Fungus extract AMH-D has a great effect on anti-tumor in vivo of S180 cells transplanted tumor, and has a synergistic effect combined with cyclophosphamide within a certain dose.

The immune mechanism of Graves' diseases (GD) and the roles of regulator T cells were investigated. In 32 patients with GD (GD group) and 20 healthy volunteers (control group), flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of CD4+CD25+ cells, MACS to isolate CD4+ CD25+ cells, RT-PCR to assay the expression of FOXP3, and ELISA to test the level of IL-10, respectively. It was found that there was no significant change in the proportion of CD4+CD25+ T cells between GD group and control group (P>0.05), while secretion of IL-10 and expression of FOXP3 in GD group were lower than control group (P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively). In conclusion, though the proportion of regulatory T cells of peripheral blood lymphocytes in the patients with GD, the functions of them were significantly weakened, which might be a pathogenic factor in GD.

The immune mechanism of Graves' diseases (GD) and the roles of regulator T cells were investigated. In 32 patients with GD (GD group) and 20 healthy volunteers (control group), flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of CD4+CD25+ cells, MACS to isolate CD4+ CD25+ cells,RT-PCR to assay the expression of FOXP3, and ELISA to test the level of IL-10, respectively. It was found that there was no significant change in the proportion of CD4+CD25+ T cells between GD group and control group (P＞0.05), while secretion of IL-10 and expression of FOXP3 in GD group were lower than control group (P＜0.01 and P＜0.05, respectively). In conclusion, though the proportion of regulatory T cells of peripheral blood lymphocytes in the patients with GD, the functions of them were significantly weakened, which might be a pathogenic factor in GD.