Objective To compare the brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) in patients with different kinds of brainstem disorders, so as to offer a significative electrophysiological means for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of different kinds of brainstem disorders. Methods BAEP was recorded from 80 cases of vertebrobasilar arterial insufficiency, 56 cases of acoustic neuroma and 47 cases of chronic cerebellar degeneration and compared with that from 50 healthy people. Results The abnormal rates of the three different case groups were 73.75%, 94.61%, 89.36%, respectively. Each group of patients demonstrated their own characteristics with regard to the BAEP. Conclusion Each of the three brainstem disorders has its own characteristics with BAEP.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of Heparin-binding protein (HBP) in maintenance hemodialysis patients in catheter-related infections.Methods 75 patients with maintenance hemodialysis were enrolled in the study and divided into observation group(n=45,with catheter-related infections) and control group(n=45,without catheter-related infections).The serum HBP,procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were detected.The values in diagnostic of catheter-related infections and Gram-negative bacterial infections were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve.Results There were 34 cases of patients infected by Gram-positive bacterial with the rate of 75.6% and 11 cases of patients infected by Gram-negative bacterial with rate of 24.4%.The serum HBP,PCT and CRP levels in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group and the serum HBP,PCT levels of patients infected by Gram-negative bacterial were higher than those of patients infected by Gram-positive bacterial (P<0.05).The area under curves of HBP,PCT,CRP in diagnosis of catheter-related infections were 0.955,0.890,0.871 with sensitivity of 86.7%,88.9%,62.2% and specificity of 93.3%,73.3%,93.3%.The value of HBP in diagnosis of Gram-negative bacteria infections was better than PCT and CRP.The area under ROC was 0.818 and the cut off value was HBP>27.52 μg/L with sensitivity of 100.0% and specificity of 61.8%.Conclusion Serum HBP,PCT and CRP may be the effective indicators for diagnosis of catheter-related infections,and the HBP has important reference value for diagnosis of Gram-negative bacterial infections.

To evaluate the application of nueroelectrophysiological tests in early diagnosis of sub-clinical neuropathy in diabetes mellitus (DM), The routine nerve conductive velocity (NCV), F-wave and sympathetic skin response (SSR) were detected in 27 patients with diabetes mellitus but without symptoms and signs of lesions of nerve system. Our results showed that 48.1%, 44.4%, 51.9% of the patients were found to have abnormal NCV, F-wave and SSR respectively. The abnormalities were mainly characterized by prolonged latency, reduced velocity and absence of wave-form. There were significant differences between the controls and the DM group (P < 0.05). Both the distal and proximal segments of nerves were affected and the distal lesions took place earlier than proximal ones and the changes in low extremities were more severe than those of upper extremities. F-wave can be used as a sensitive indicator for the early diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy and it can help to detect the subclincial lesions. SSR can be used for the evaluation of functional status of autonomic nerves in DM patients.

85.0%),but they were lack of knowledge of special knowledge,41.1% of them knew AIDS diagnostic criteria,18.4% of them knew "window phase";the differences of nurse mastery of AIDS occupational prevention knowledge before and after the intervention were significant(P

Objective To evaluate the role of differentially expressed genes in human prostate carcinoma initiation and progression. Methods cDNA microarray chips which consist of a set of 4366 human genes were used to investigate the gene expression pattern of samples from human prostate cancer and normal prostate tissues. Results Of 4366 genes,287 genes differentially expressed in prostate carcinoma and normal prostate tissues were screened out,including 165 unknown genes and 122 known genes. Among the 122 known genes we further identified 20 up-regulated and 36 down-regulated genes. Conclusions Our results suggest that significantly differential expression of genes may be associated with the pathogenesis and progression of the prostate cancer.

Aim To study the adaptive protection of H_2O_2 preconditioning against dopamine-induced damage in PC12 cells.Methods The apoptosis of PC12 cells was observed by electron microscope, PI stain flow cytometry (FCM) and Hoechst stain. The mitochondrial energy redox state was measured by MTT assay. The mitochondrial membrane potential(△?m) was investigated by the fluorescent probe of rhodamine 123.Results PC12 cells exposed to 50 ?mol?L -1 DA showed chromatin condensation and nucleus fragmentation observed by electron microscope. Exposure to DA (50 ?mol?L -1) for 24 h, the apoptosis of PC12 cells preconditioned by 10 ?mol?L -1 H_2O_2 for 90 min as measured by Hoechst stain was significantly decreased,compared with no-preconditioned cells. Exposure to 50,100,and 200 ?mol?L -1 H_2O_2 for 24 h, the proportion of apoptosis of PC12 cells was decreased from (20.9?1.8)%, (40.5?6.4)% and (88.1?3.9)% to (4.9?2.9)%, (12.0?1.4)%, (61.5?3.4)% after H_2O_2 preconditioning, respectively. By exposuring PC12 cells to 20,40,and 80 ?mol?L -1 DA for 24 h, the rates of MTT metabolism were reduced and the effect was prevented by H_2O_2 preconditioning. After 50 ?mol?L -1 DA exposure for 24 h,the mean fluorescence intensity of rhodamine 123 in no-preconditioned PC12 cells was decreased from (46.87?0.33) to (4.39?2.93),and that of preconditioned PC12 cells was decreased from (46.87?0.33) to (10.50?0.28). Conclusion H_2O_2 preconditioning possesses adaptive protection against dopamine-induced damage in PC12 cells.

Objective To investigate the genes differentially expressed in prostate cancer and to determine some prostate cancer associated genes for diagnosis and treatment prostate cancer. Methods cDNA microarray chips containing 4 366 human genes in full length were used to investigate the differential gene expression patterns of samples from human prostatie cancers and normal prostate tissues. Results A total of 287 genes differentially expressed with prostatie cancers and normal prostate were screened out,comprising 165 unknown genes and 122 known genes.Among the known genes we further identified 56 genes which were markedly differentially expressed (20 up-regulated and 36 down-regulated genes). Conclusions cDNA microarray chips for analysis of genes expression patterns is a powerful method for identification of novel prostatie cancer associated genes.

Objective To study the early and mid-term outcome in terms of left ventricular(LV)geometry and function in patients with transposition of great arteries with intact ventricular septum (TGA/IVS) undergoing arterial switch operation.Methods Twenty patients were followed up and divided into 2 groups according to age:the earlier group and the later group.Age and sexual matched controls were also designed as control group 1 and control group 2.LV posterior wall thickness(PWTd),dimension(LVIDd)and length(L) at end diastolic phase,LV end-diastolic volume (EDV),end-systolic volume (ESV),ejection fraction (EF),mitral valve early (E) and late (A) inflow velocities and E/A,isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) were obtained by two-dimensional echocardiography,normalized isovolumic relaxation time (IVRTn),wall thickness index (PWTd/LVIDd) and LV geometry index(LVIDd/L) were calculated,and these indexes between groups were compared.Results ①Compared with control group 1,PWTd in earlier group was higher [(0.41 + 0.06)cm vs (0.36 + 0.05)cm,P =0.022],but LVIDd had no significant statistical difference [(2.08 + 0.21)cm vs (2.21 + 0.23)cm,P =0.117],indicating PWTd/ LVIDd differed between groups(0.20 + 0.04 vs 0.16 + 0.01 P =0.001).②No abnormalities were observed in later group.③Compared with different age groups in TGA,EDV,ESV,L,LVIDd,PWTd were significantly higher in later group(P =0.000).There were obvious correlations between EDV,ESV,L,LVIDd and examined age (r =0.90,0.83,0.73,0.90,P =0.000,R2 =0.809,0.694,0.528,0.808) while there were no significant correlation between PWTd and examined age(r =0.56,P =0.000,R2 =0.309).Conclusions Early after operation,LV is undergoing hypertrophy or hyperplasia in TGA/IVS,but will recover in the mid-term period,and the function is normal all the time indicating that the LV myocardium may avoided irreversible pathological changes if operated in time.All in all,LV develops well in mid-term period.

BACKGROUND:Compared with hydroxyapatite materials and other nano-hydroxyapatite composites, carbon fiber-reinforced nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 composites have been significantly improved in the mechanical strength, toughness, elastic modulus and other aspects. It can be used for repairing bone defects of loading parts. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the biocompatibility of carbon fiber-reinforced nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 composites in bone tissues. METHODS:Eight Bama mini pigs were taken to establish models of thoracic vertebral defects and implanted with carbon fiber-reinforced nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 composites. At 8, 16 and 24 weeks after implantation,the animals were sacrificed, respectively, for bone mineral density detection and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Blood samples for kidney and liver function tests were taken before and 1 and 8 weeks after implantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Hematoxylin-eosin staining of bone samples showed that the materials could bond with the bone defect interface without rejection, and could induce osteogenesis of chondrocytes. At 8 weeks after surgery, the broken ends of cancelous bone closed and the composite material was wrapped by granulation tissues. At 16 weeks after surgery, granulation tissues were organized and new bone developed directly from fibroblast cels. The new bone tissues were nearly fused with the end of cancelous bone. At 24 weeks after surgery, new bone tissue became mature lamelar bone, and the end of cancelous bone was connected tightly with the composite material. Bone mineral density of the implanted vertebra showed an increase trend at 8, 16 and 24 weeks after implantation. Over time, the bone mass was increased. The liver and kidney function tests showed that there was no significant difference before and after implantation. It is preliminarily believed that the carbon fiber-reinforced nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 composite has excelent histocompatibility and bioactivity without hepatic toxicity and nephritic toxicity.

Objective To analyze the effects of puerperium pelvic floor muscle training on pelvic floor muscle strength and its clinical significance. Methods One hundred postpartum women were included, with full-term singleton pregnancies and with complete follow-up records from Obstetrics Department of Peking University First Hospital between March 1, 2013 and October 31, 2013. Women with vaginal birth and cesarean birth commenced pelvic floor muscle training twice a day from 24 and 72 h after delivery, respectively. According to the different training frequencies, the subjects were divided into three groups: never-training group, occasional-training group (<6 times per week) and regular-training group (≥6 times per week). All patients received pelvic floor muscle strength measurement 6-8 weeks after parturition. And the strength of type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ pelvic floor muscle fiber was divided into 0, Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴgrade. The abnormal strength of typeⅠand typeⅡpelvic floor muscle fiber standed for the grades lower thanⅢ. We compared the general conditions, delivery modes and abnormal ratio of type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ pelvic floor muscle fiber among the three groups, analyzed the relativity between the level of pelvic floor muscle fiber strength and pelvic floor muscle training frequency, and analyzed the influential factors of pelvic floor muscle fiber strength. Statistical analyses were performed by one-way ANOVA, rank-sum test, Pearson χ2 test, Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test, Nemenyi test, Spearman rank correlation analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results There was no statistical difference in age, gestation at delivery, parity, body mass index before delivery, neonatal birth weight and delivery mode among the never-training group (21 cases), occasional-training group (30 cases) and regular-training group (49 cases) (all P > 0.05). There was no statistical difference in labor time of first, second and total stage and episiotomy rate among the vaginal birth cases of the three groups. The abnormal ratio of type Ⅰ muscle fiber strength among the three groups was 100% (21/21), 77% (23/30) and 6% (3/49), respectively, while that of type Ⅱ muscle fiber strength was 100% (21/21), 53% (16/30) and 20% (10/49), respectively. And there were significant statistical differences among the three groups (F=119.16 and 77.84, both P<0.01). Spearman rank correlation analysis indicated that the level of typeⅠand typeⅡmuscle fiber strength had a significant positive correlation with pelvic floor muscle training frequency (r=0.88 and 0.79, both P<0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that pelvic floor muscle training was an influential factor for pelvic floor muscle strength level (95%CI:0.000-0.193, P<0.01). Conclusions Puerperium pelvic floor muscle training can help enhance the tension force of pelvic floor muscle, might benefiting the postpartum recovery of pelvic floor muscle function.