A sensitive ABC or PAP immunohistochemical technique visualized with glucose oxidase-DAB-nickel method was used to examine the distribution and characteristics of the supraependymal serotoninergic nerve fibers (5-HT-SEP) in the adult rat forebrain. Three types of fibers could be distinguished: a few thick fibers (about 0.9?m in diameter), large amount of intermediate fibers (about 0.4?m in diameter), and numerous thin fibers (about 0.1?m in diameter). Although the 5-HT-SEP were found in all areas of the forebrain ependyma, the density and distribution patterns of different fiber types varied. In addition, the correspondence between the densities of ependymal cilia and 5-HT-SEP indicates the modulation of the cilia activity by 5-HT-SEP.

OBJECTIVE To study effect of nursing management's function in nosocomial infection control and supervision.METHODS Nursing managers made good use of their management function to control hospital infection by staff training,controlling the quality of nursing work,and working out nursing skill standards.RESULTS Nursing management increased the consciousness of hospital infection control among nursing staff and decreased the rate of nosocomial infection effectively.CONCLUSIONS The quality of nursing works affects the efficiency of the control of nosocomial infection.During the process of nosocomial infection control,nursing department plays an important role and can't be replaced.

85.0%),but they were lack of knowledge of special knowledge,41.1% of them knew AIDS diagnostic criteria,18.4% of them knew "window phase";the differences of nurse mastery of AIDS occupational prevention knowledge before and after the intervention were significant(P

ObjectiveTo study the effects of intermittent subglottic secretion drainage(SSD)with an endotracheal tube on incidience of ventilator- associated pneumonia(VAP). MethodsWe searched computerized databases,including Cochrane library,Pubmed,EMbase,CBM,CNKI,Wanfang and some relevant databases from initializing to March 2012,extracting data about subglottic secretion drainage(SSD)with an endotracheal tube on incidence of VAP using RCT.The data had Meta- analysis by software RevMan5,and to those data which could not be conversed or merged,they underwent descriptive analysis. ResultsWeidentifled 5 randomized clinical trials that met the inclusion criteria with a total of 683 randomized patients.In Meta- analysis,the overall risk ratio for ventilator- associated pneumonia was decreased significantly by intermittent subglottic secretion drainage with an endotracheal tube.There was no significant difference on adverse events or on hospital or intensive care unit mortality.Databases,including ICU and hospital LOS,duration of endotracheal catheterization,bacteria concentration,which were difficult to be conversed and obtained full data,they underwent a descriptive research. ConclusionsCompared with the common endotracheal tubes,the use of endotracheal tubes with subglottic secretion drainage is effective for prevention of ventilatorassociated pneumonia.But it has no effect on adverse events or on hospital or intensive care unit mortality.So large sample RCTs with multiply- center should be carried out to assess the effect of the use of SSD.

Objective To investigate the effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on the distribution, pro-portion and immunosuppressive activities of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in a mouse model of liver cancer.Methods Orthotopic transplantation of H22 cell line was performed to establish the mouse model of orthotopic liver cancer.Forty mice were randomly divided into four groups (n=10) on the 7th day after transplantation.Three different doses of 5-FU (10 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg and 50mg /kg) and 0.4 ml of PBS were respectively given to the mice in each group for 10 consecutive days .A control group without canc-er cell transplantation was set up correspondingly .The distribution of MDSCs in mice liver tissues was detec-ted by immunohistochemistry .The proportions of MDSCs in spleen tissues were tested by flow cytometry . The levels of IFN-γand Arginase-I ( Arg-I) in serum samples were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosor-bent assay.The activities of nitric oxide synthetase (NOS) in serum samples were tested by chemical colori-metry.The proliferation of T lymphocytes was assessed by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltet-razolium bromide (MTT) test.Results 5-FU reduced the tumor size and alleviated the adhesion between liver tissues and abdominal cavity in mice with liver cancer in a dose-dependent manner .The proportions of MDSCs in liver and spleen tissues from mice in four model groups were significantly higher than those in con - trol group (P<0.05).The highest proportions of MDSCs were observed in PBS treated group , followed by 10 mg/kg of 5-FU treated group , 30 mg/kg of 5-FU treated group and 50 mg/kg of 5-FU treated group .Ex-cept for comparing between PBS treated group and 10 mg/kg of 5-FU treated group, there were significant differences with the proportions of MDSCs in liver tissues among other groups (P<0.05).The levels of Arg-I and the activities of NOS in mice with liver cancer were higher than those in control group (P<0.05).The mice in PBS treated group showed the highest level of Arg-I and the strongest activities of NOS that were de-creased as concentrations of 5-FU increased( P<0.05).The levels of IFN-γin serum samples from mice with liver cancer were lower than those in control group , and the lowest level was detected in PBS treated group.IFN-γlevels were increased as concentrations of 5-FU elevated.Except for comparing between PBS treated group and 10 mg/kg of 5-FU treated group , significant differences with the levels of IFN-γin serum samples (P<0.05) were observed among other groups .No significant differences with the proliferation of T cells were observed among all groups after 24 hours of culture (P>0.05),but that were decreased in model groups than those in control group after 48 hours of culture (P<0.05).T cells from mice in PBS treated group showed the lowest level of proliferation .T cell proliferation was enhanced upon the treatment of 5-FU in a dose-dependent manner .Except for comparing between PBS treated group and 10 mg/kg of 5-FU treated group, significant differences with T cell proliferation were observed among other groups (P<0.05).The proportions of MDSCs in liver and spleen tissues were positively correlated with the levels of Arg -I and the activities of NOS, but negatively correlated with IFN-γlevel and T cell proliferation at the time point of 48 h.Conclusion To a certain extent , 5-FU could reduce the numbers of MDSCs in liver and spleen tis-sues from mice with liver cancer , inhibit immunosuppressive activities of MDSCs and restrain the growth of the tumor in a dose-dependent manner .

Objective To analyze the clinical application of high?throughput gene sequencing technolo?gy and STR in chromosome karyotype analysis of the villus tissues of spontaneous abortion. Methods In 27 ca?ses of spontaneous abortion after pregnancy,classic cell of villus tissues culture and chromosomal karyotype anal?ysis,and high ?throughput gene sequencing technology and STR were performed,and then compared the analysis results of two methods. Results ( 1) The successful rate of cell of villus tissues culture and chromosomal karyo?type analysis was 85%( 23/27) ,of high?throughput gene sequencing technology and STR was 96%( 26/27) ,and the difference was not significant( P>0. 05) ( 2) In the 4 cases that failed in karyotype analysis,there were 3 ca?ses showed abnormal chromosomal number variation( CNV) in high?throughput gene sequencing technology and STR. ( 3) Of the 23 cases,chorionic villus was successfully cultured in 10 cases,abnormal karyotypes were iden?tified in 13 cases,the positive rate was 57%. Of the 26 cases,high?throughput gene sequencing technology and STR was successfully checked in 3 cases,abnormal CNV were identified in 23 cases,the positive rate was 85%, the difference was significant(χ2=6.387,P<0.05). (4)The rates of chromosomal number abnormality were 52%( 12/23) and 50% ( 13/26) of karyotype analysis and chromosome aberration detection,respectively. In 10 cases of normal cell culture karyotype,there were 7 cases in the presence of micro deletion / micro repetition de?tected by high?throughput gene sequencing technology and STR. Conclusion The method of massively parallel sequencing in chromosome analysis,compared with the method of cell of villus tissues culture and chromosome a?nalysis,can be accurate and quick,and has high successful rate in detecting the chromosome of non aneuploid and deletion/duplication abnormality,which can be a good complementary and alternative method of the classic cell of villus tissues culture and chromosome karyotype analysis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α308,TNF-β252 genotypes and serum TNF-α and TNF-β levels in patients with gastric cancer (GC).MethodsA total of 57 pathological diagnosed GC patients were collected,of which 49 cases were from Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University and 8 cases were from Tumor Hospital of Hubei Province.Another 18 age and sex matched healthy controls were enrolled at the same time.The TNF-α308 and TNF -β252 polymorphism was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).The serum TNF-α and TNF-β levels of 57 GC patients and 18 healthy controls were measured by ELISA.The difference of TNF serum level in different TNF genotypes of GC and the difference between GC patients and the healthy controls was analyzed.Its relationship with clinical pathological characters was also analyzed.Results With TNF-α308 genotype,GA were 6 cases and GG were 51 cases.With TNF-β252 genotype,GG were 17 cases,GA and AA each were 20 cases.The serum TNF-α level of GC patients was significant higher than that of healthy controls (median 445 × 10-3 μg/L vs 5 × 10-3 μg/L,P＜0.05),and the serum level of each TNF-α308 andTNF-β 252 genotypes was significant higher than that of healthy controls (P＜0.05).However there was no statistical significance in TNF -β level compared with healthy controls (P＞0.05).In addition,the serum TNF-α levels of the TNF-α308G/TNF-β252G and TNF-α308G/TNF β252A haplotypes in GC patients were significant higher than those of the healthy controls (P＜0.05),and the increase like serum TNF-α level was associated with the patients'age and lymph node metastasis (P＜0.05).The TNF-β level in patients with TNF-α308A and TNF-β252G high-risk haplotypes showed a significant relation with smoking history (P＜ 0.05). Conclusions Serum TNF-α level of GC patients was significantly higher,however there was no significant association between the increase and TNF-α308 and TNF-β252 genotypes.The serum TNF-α levels of TNF-α308G/TNF-β252G and TNF-α308G/TNF-β252A haplotypes in GC patients were significant higher,and associated with the patients'age and lympb node metastasis.It was indicated that TNF haplotypes may have certain impact on the TNF expression and clinical subtypes in GC.

Objective To study the mental health condition of occupational female and influencing factors of mental health. Methods 827 occupational females in Dongguan city were investigated using the questionnaires, the contents included the basic personal information, mental health condition and influencing factors of mental health.Results The results showed that there existed higher ratio of mental disorder in people of age over 50 years, post-graduate educational background, monthly income levels of 4001 to 5000 yuan and divorced occupational females.Moreover, the influential factors on mental health of occupational females were correlated with age, culture degree,family population and society. Conclusion We should pay more attention to occupational females and take effective measure to relieve their mental stress. This is the demands of woman as well as society.

Objective To explore mood disorders after left and right cerebral hemisphere injury,to search for possible mechanisms and to provide the basis for designing rehabilitation protocols and assessing prognosis.Methods Fifty-one cases with brain injury were recruited from a rehabilitation center and divided into left and right hemisphere injury groups with 26 and 25 cases,respectively.Hamilton rating scale for depression (HRSD) scores were analyzed. Results The left hemisphere patients had significantly higher HRSD total scores and higher scores indicating 15 kinds of mood disorders (depression,feelings of guilt,suicidal thoughts etc.).Right hemisphere injury patients had significantly higher diurnal variation,depersonalization or derealization and paranoid symptoms. Conclusions The lateralization of the cerebral hemispheres may display itself in mood and emotion.After left or right hemisphere injury,the depression presentation is different,so treatment,prognosis assessment and psychological intervention should be different for left and right hemisphere injuries.

Humans ; Medical Staff ; Occupational Exposure ; Personnel, Hospital