Objective To study the effect of ?-crystallin on retinal ganglial cells(RGCs) and the possible mechanisms.Methods The changes of RGCs in vitro stimulated by 10~(-7),10~(-6),10~(-5),or 10~(-4)g/L ?-crystallin for 1,3,12 h,1,2,3 d were observed and identified by Thy1.1 antibody.The number and the length of outgrowing RGCs axons were calculated under microscope and compared with the control group.The effect of ?-crystallin on RGCs was detected by immunofluorescence with confocal laser scanning microscope.Results The length and number of RGCs axons in 10~(-4),10~(-5)g/L ?-crystallin solution were more than in the control on day 1,2,3 after ?-crystallin stimulation,most significant difference in 10~(-4)g/L group.The interaction between ?-crystallin and RGCs was proven positive by immunofluorescence with confocal laser scanning microscope.It increased firstly,then reduced.It reached the maximum at 3 h after ?-crystallin stimulation.Conclusion ?-crystallin enhanced the survival of RGCs and the regeneration of axons,suggesting ?-crystallin might be related to the changes of RGCs membrane signal transduction pathway.The mechanism might be involved in the interaction between ?-crystallin and RGCs.

Objective To evaluate the effect of production site change of vaccine production on the quality of live attenuated varicella vaccine at the molecular level.Methods Using next-generation sequencing(NGS),the varicella-zoster virus(VZV)Oka strain virus seed(VW-before,SYVW-after)and vaccine bulk(P-before,YZP-after)produced before and after prodution site change were subjected to DNA extraction,purification,library construction and sequencing,and the quality control of the sequencing results were performed.Taking gene sequence of Dumas strain registered in GenBank(NC＿001348)as the position reference genome,the whole gene sequences of the four samples before and after prodution site change were compared with the Oka strain virus to obtain the mutation sites,base changes and variant allele frequency(VAF),and the consistency of the samples was evaluated.Results All the sequencing depth of the four samples was more than1 500 ×,and the GC content of the virus seed and vaccine bulk was about 46%,indicating that the sequencing quality was high.The mutation sites and base composition of the gene sequences of virus seed and vaccine bulk were consistent before and after prodution site change,and the VAF was close.Pairwise comparison of correlation coefficients was highly correlated,and the correlation coefficients were significantly different(each R~2≥ 0.990,each P < 0.001).Conclusion NGS test showed that the changes in vaccine production process have no effect on the quality of live attenuated varicella vaccine.

OBJECTVEThis study evaluates the expression of interleukin-18 (IL-18) and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-lα in rat periodontitis model exposed to normoxia and chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) environments. The possible correlation between periodontitis and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) was also investigated. Methods: Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned into four groups: normoxia control, normoxia periodontitis, hypoxia control, and hypoxia periodontitis groups. The periodontitis models were established by ligating the bilateral maxillary second molars and employing high-carbohydrate diets. Rats in hypoxia control and hypoxia periodontitis groups were exposed to CIH treatment mimicking a moderately severe OSAHS condition. All animals were sacrificed after eight weeks, and the clinical periodontal indexes were detected. The levels of IL-18 and HIF-1α in serum and gingival tissues were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The correlation between attachment loss (AL) and the levels of IL-18 and HIF-lα in hypoxia periodontitis group was evaluated.

RESULTSThe levels of IL-18 and HIF-lα in hypoxia periodontitis group were significantly higher than that in normoxia periodontitis and hypoxia control groups (P<0.05). Furthermore, the levels of IL-18 and HIF-lα in serum (r-0.792, r=0.753, P<0.05) and gingival tissues (r-0.817, r=0.779, P<0.05) were positively correlated with AL.

CONCLUSIONCIH could aggravate the destruction of periodontal tissues, which is correlated with IL-18 and HIF-lα levels.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Gingiva ; Hypoxia ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; Interleukin-18 ; Periodontal Index ; Periodontitis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Serum ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive

Benzylisoquinolines ; therapeutic use ; Calcium Channel Blockers ; therapeutic use ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Humans ; Pneumoconiosis ; drug therapy ; Tablets

Nutritional therapy is an important part of therapy of chronic diarrhea in children. The nutritional status is very important to growth and development of the children patients. The supplementation of appropriate amount of protein,abundant energy,vitamin,minerals and probiotics can improve the nutrition and promote growth and develop-ment,then remission the development of disease and decrease the incidence of the complication.

This paper summarizes the new progress of the research of the targeted microbubble ultrasound contrast agents and ultrasound molecular imaging in tumor angiogenesis.There are two constructing methods of targeted microbubble ultrasound contrast agents.Targeted new blood vessels microbubble unltrasound contrast agents are mainly divided into the connection of alpha(V)beta3 antibody,αVβ3 integration antibody and connecting VEGFR2.The quantitative analysis of targeted microbubble adhering to tumor target and the evaluation of the correlation between targeted microbubble adhering to tumor neovascular endothelial cell and tumor local pathological microvessel density suggest that ultrasound molecular imaging can be noninvasive,quick,repeated,dynamic and quantitative evaluate tumor angiogenesis and indirectly reflect the malignant tumor tissue proliferation activity and its biological characteristics.

Hereditary hemolytic anemia(HHA)is a hereditary disorder with main clinical presentation of hemolysis and hemolytic anemia.It's the most common disease of hereditary disorders in the world.According to the pathogenic mechanism,the disorders can be divided into three groups:abnormalities of the red cell membrane,red cell enzyme disorders and hemoglobinopathies.The most common HHA are hereditary spherocytosis,G6PD deficiency and the thalassemias.The clinical presentation of HHA may be heterogeneity.No anemia may occur in the early stage or mild HHA.In order to detect HHA early,we should pay more attention to the morphology of red cell in the peripheral blood film.Recommendation of screening tests with high sensitivity and specificity will be improving the diagnosis of HHA.For correct diagnosis,the medical centres should establish red cell membrane protein electropheresis,direct quantitative assay of red cell enzyme,gene diagnosis and prenatal diagnosis of hemoglobinopathy.

Objective To investigate the effect of opiate receptor antagonist naloxone on the electroencephalographic (EEG) power spectrum in morphine-addicted rats.Methods 20 male adult Wistar rats were alternately injected with morphine (Mf, 10 mg/kg,sc.;Mf withdrawal (Mf-Wd) group, n=10) or saline (Sal, 1 ml/kg, sc.;Sal-Wd group, n=10) for 8 days to establish Mf physical dependent model.Withdrawal scores were evaluated by naloxone-precipitated withdrawl signs (5 mg/kg,ip.).Another 20 rats were divided into Sal-CPP group and Mf-CPP group with 10 rats in each group.Rats in the sal-CPP group were injected with saline once a day for 8 days while rats in the Mf-CPP group were injected with saline and morphine alternatively once a day for 8 days.The EEG signals were recorded from their dorsal hippocampi before and after naloxone injection under anesthesia;and the EEG power data (1 ～ 100 Hz) were analyzed.Results (1) Compared with Sal-Wd group (22.69± 3.59), the Mf-Wd group showed a higher withdrawal scores after naloxone injection(84.90± 13.40, P＜0.01).(2) The CPP scores of Mf-CPP rats (80.69± 14.96) were significantly higher than the baseline (45.29± 15.79) and the Sal-CPP rats (41.84± 12.47;all P＜0.01).(3)After naloxone injection,the EEG powers of δ band and γ band of Mf-CPP rats decreased temporarily c ompared with their baseline (δ band: (81.80±30.91) mV2 · Hz vs (112.49±39.43) mV2 · Hz;γ band:(25.35±11.20)mV2 · Hzvs (28.71±13.06)mV2 · Hz;allP＜0.05).Conclusion Opiate receptor antagonist naloxone can decrease the hippocampal EEG powers of δ band and γband in Mf-addicted rats.