Objective:To understand the clinical and pathological characteristics of lepropy with the expectation to reduce the misdiagnoses and missed diagnoses.Methods:12 cases including 6 clinically diagnoses cases of leprosy patients with some lesions in the skin or nerves were examined by HE and acid-fast stains under light microscopy.Results:All cases were confirmed as leprosy by pathology with that pictures of leprous cells,granulomas,nerve lesion and positive acid-fast stain.Conclusion:It is necessary to make careful check of nerves and to make smear,biopsy,acid-fast stain for patients with chronlic spots in the skin.

Pathology is the bridge of medicine between basic course and clinic course.The building and development of the subject is inseparable from the surgical pathology.Teachers should enrich and enhance professional knowledge,pay attention to the concepts and key points,and handle properly the relationship of the general pathology and the systematic pathology.Multimedia tools for teaching pathology are suitable but still need improvement.

Objective To examine the pathological changes in the liver of an AIDS patient with complicated infection of Pneumocystis carinii(PC). \ Methods\ A liver biopsy was made. The tissue was stained with HE, PAS, Giemsa, GMS, and acid\|fast staining, and examined under light microscope and transmission electron microscope. \ Results\ Granulomas (acid\|fast negative) in the tissue and numerous pathogens (PAS positive) in hepatic sinusoids were detected. Giemsa and GMS staining and electron microscopy all confirmed that the pathogen was Pneumocystis carinii. \ Conclusion\ The pathological findings revealed a diffuse extrapulmonary infection of Pneumocystis carinii in the patient of AIDS.

Pathology is the bridge of medicine between basic and clinic.It is needed for the graduate students of pathology to supplement the study of surgical pathology that is lacked now for adaptation to the employment situation as the qualified personnel in the field.

Objective To establish the cell model of ethanol-induced liver injury and explore the protective effects of tea poly-phenols (TP)on ethanol-induced liver injury .Methods Cell morphology were observed by microscope ,and then alanine aminotrans-ferase (ALT) ,nmda transaminase (AST) ,gamma GGTP ,GGT and ROS changes were detected .Results Alcohol maked L02 hepa-tocyte fatty degeneration .Compared with ethanol group ,steatosis in TP + ethanol group was lighter ,its ALT ,AST ,GGT content and intracellular ROS reduced .Conclusion TP can decrease cell fatty change degree in vitro experiments ,improue the enzymology indexes ,reduce the generation of reactive oxygen species to avoid liver damage .

Objective To explore the relationships among attachment,parental attachment and parental rearing style of adolescent depression.Methods 36 outpatients and hospital patients in Anhui Mental Health Center with depression and their parents were involved as the case group,33 age-,gender-,and education-matched high school students and their parents as the normal controls.The case group and control group were assessed with Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory (ECR) and Parental Rearing Pattern Questionnaire (EMBU).Results ① The score of attachment avoidance and anxiety dimension in the depression group were obviously higher than that of the control group(73.19 ± 16.63 vs 66.25 ± 12.91,62.76 ± 13.90 vs 51.97 ± 13.69,P ＜ 0.01) ;the score of mother's attachment anxiety in the depression group were significantly higher than that of the control group (72.06 ± 14.23 vs 57.42 ± 12.81),and there were significant differences between two groups (P ＜ 0.01).②The attachment avoidance was positively correlated with parental attachment avoidance in the depression group (r =0.534,r=0.488 ; P＜ 0.01).The attachment anxiety dimension was positively correlated with mother's attachment anxiety in depression group (r =0.532,P ＜ 0.01).Attachment avoidance was negatively correlated with parental warmness(r =-0.406,r =-0.462,P ＜ 0.01),however attachment avoidance had positive correlation with father's punishment and mother's rejection in depression group (r=0.395,r=0.468; P＜0.05).Father's attachment avoidance was negatively correlated with father's warmness(r =-0.527,P＜ 0.01),and mother's attachment avoidance was negatively correlated with mother's warmness (r =-0.491,P ＜ 0.01),which was positively correlated with mother's rejection (r =0.392,P ＜ 0.05).③ Regression analysis showed that mother's warmness rearing style had full mediating effect on the relationship between mother's attachment avoidance and attachment avoidance in depression group,and then mother's refused rearing style partly mediated the relationship between them.But father's warmness didn(t) have mediating effect on the relationship between father's attachment avoidance and attachment avoidance in depression group.Conclusion The attachment pattern is insecure in the depression group.Parenting attachment and rearing style significantly influence on adolescent depression attachment patterns,and mother's rearing style has mediating effect on the relationship between mother's attachment and depression attachment.

This study was aimed to detect the effect of genipin and Vitamin E (VitE) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. L02 cells were divided into five groups:control group, palmic acid treated group, VitE treated group, genipin treated group, and a combination group. All treatments were terminated at the end of 72 hours. Pathological changes of L02 cells were observed. Mitochondrial membrane potential changes were detected by flow cytometry. MDA, SOD, ALT, AST, GGT, TG in culture medium and expression of UCP2 mRNA and protein in L02 cells were detected. We also studied the effects of genipin and VitE on UCP2 and other related factors such as NF-kappaB and TNF-alpha on the L02 cell model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In combination group, the degree of adipose degeneration of L02 cells mitigated significantly; mitochondrial membrane potential and the level of SOD activity increased; the level of MDA, ALT, AST, GGT, TG and the expression of UCP2, NF-kappaB,TNF-alpha in L02 cells decreased. The use of genipin in combination with VitE can increase mitochondrial membrane potential and markedly relieve the adipose degeneration of liver cells.
Cell Line ; Drug Synergism ; Fatty Liver ; metabolism ; Humans ; Ion Channels ; genetics ; metabolism ; Iridoid Glycosides ; pharmacology ; Iridoids ; Liver ; cytology ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; Mitochondrial Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; NF-kappa B ; genetics ; metabolism ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; metabolism ; Uncoupling Protein 2 ; Vitamin E ; pharmacology

Objective To compare therapeutic effects of lithium carbonate administration (LCA) given in 2 methods and combined with 131I treatment in patients with incipient Graves disease (IGD) accompanied by leukopenia.Methods From January 2014 to January 2016,192 IGD patients with leukopenia were enrolled in this retrospective study,including 49 males,143 females (average age:(39.65 ± 12.18) years).All patients did not receive antithyroid drugs (ATD) therapy and were divided into 3 groups by random number table method:group A(131I treatment plus LCA given at the same time for 2 weeks;n=65),group B (LCA given at a week before and after 131I treatment;n=67),control group (only treated with 131I;n=60).Cure rate (3 and 6 months after treatment),WBC (2 weeks,1,3 and 6 months after treatment) and adverse reaction rate (ADR;within 2 weeks after treatment) of 3 groups were analyzed before and after treatment.One-way analysis of variance,the least significant difference t test,x2 test were used.Results Compared with control group,group A and group B showed higher cure rates (3 months after treatment:87.7％ (57/ 65),88.1％(59/67),70.0％(42/60);6 months:89.2％(58/65),89.6％(60/67),71.7％(43/60);x2 values:9.05,9.58,both P＜0.05),higher increasing rates of WBC (3 months after treatment:(38.9± 5.1)％,(39.8±6.3)％,(20.2±3.3)％;F=19.87,t values:12.15,11.56,all P＜0.01),lower ADR (3.1％(2/65),14.9％ (10/67),30.0％(18/60);x2=17.19,P＜0.05).The ADR of group A was lower than that of group B (x2=4.26,P＜0.05).Conclusion For IGD patients with leukopenia and normal kidney function,the treatment of LCA combined with 131I at the same time for 2 weeks is safe and effective,and patients have less ADR.

Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model is a system that co-culture carriers with 3D structural materials and different types of cells in vitro to simulate the microenvironment in vivo. This novel cell culture model has been proved to be close to the natural system in vivo. In the process of cell attachment, migration, mitosis and apoptosis, it could produce biological reactions different from that of monolayer cell culture. Therefore, it can be used as an ideal model to evaluate the dynamic pharmacological effects of active substances and the metastasis process of cancer cells. This paper compared and analyzed the different characteristics of cell growth and development under two-dimensional (2D) and 3D model culture and introduced the establishment method of 3D cell model. The application progress of 3D cell culture technology in tumor model and intestinal absorption model was summarized. Finally, the application prospect of 3D cell model in the evaluation and screening of active substance was revealed. This review is expected to provide reference for the development and application of new 3D cell culture models.
Cell Culture Techniques, Three Dimensional ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Apoptosis ; Cell Proliferation ; Technology