Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1 P) is a kind of bioactive messenger which is catalyzed by sphingosine kinases (SphK) and mediates various biological behaviors through binding to sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors(S1PR).Researches demonstrate that the aberration of SphK,S1P and S1PR is closely related to the occurrence and development of cancers,such as leukemia,breast cancer,colorectal cancer and lymphoma.The interaction between S1PR1 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is shown to take part in the pathogenesis of malignant tumors as well.Therefore,they are considered to have the potential tumor-treatment value.

Objective To investigate the effects of low dose radiation on dendritic growth of newborn neurons in the hippocampus of young rat.Methods One month-old male rats were randomized into radiation group aind sham control group.Radiation group received whole brain irradiation at a single dose of 2 Gy.Retrovirus expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) was used to label newborn neurons in the hippocampus through stereotaxic intracranial infusion.Immunofluorescence assays were performed to detect dendritic architecture alterations induced by irradiation at different time points.Results Compared with control group,the lengths of total dendrite and the longest dendrite significantly decreased at 2 and 4 weeks after irradiation (t =3.10,2.07,2.94,4.02,P ＜ 0.05).The branching points of new born neurons were also decreased significantly at 2 weeks post irradiation (t =2.23,P ＜ 0.05).The number of new born neurons reduced at 4 weeks post irradiation (t =8.43,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Low dose radiation could inhibit newborn neuron growth in the hippocampus of young rat,which may be one of the most important mechanisms involved in radiation-induced cognitive impairment.

Objective To explore the effects of self-differentiation,social support,social adaptation on suicidal ideation.Methods A simplified cluster sampling method,involving the random selection of 3097 college students in 23 departments,was used to estimate the scores of Chinese version of Self Differentiation Inventory for university student(SDI),Social Support Rating Scale(SSRC),College Student Adaptability Scale (CSAS) and Adult Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire(ASIQ).The independent-samples t-test,Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise regression analyses were used as statistical analysis techniques.Results The correlation coefficients were negatively significant between suicidal ideation and self-differentiation,social support and social adaptation (r=-0.24,-0.17,-0.29,P＜0.001).Social adaptation showed the strongest predictability for suicidal ideation (β=-0.19,P＜0.001),followed by self-differentiation (β3=-0.13,P＜0.001),social support (β3=-0.08,P＜0.001).Independent samples t-test showed that college students with suicidal ideation showed a significant reduction in interpersonal adaptation,social support,self-differentiation compared to those without suicidal ideation.Conclusion Self-differentiation level,social support and social adaptability may be effective predictors for suicidal ideation among college students.Future intervention programs may focus on enhancing the interpersonal skills of college students to reduce prevalence of suicidal behavior.

Objective To apply the virtual reality in balance function training for Parkinson's Disease (PD). Methods From October, 2013 to January, 2016, 31 patients with balance disorders after PD were divided into two groups:the treatment group (n=17) received virtual reality balancing games training, while the control group (n=14) received routine balance training. They were assessed with Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT), static fall index (SFI), limits of stability (LOS), dynamic fall index (DFI) and modified Barth-el Index (MBI) before and four weeks after treatment. The frequency of falls in the next six weeks was recorded. Results The scores of BBS, TUGT, SFI, LOS, DFI and MBI improved significantly in both groups after treatment (P<0.05), and improved more in scores of BBS (t=2.095), TUGT (t=-2.091), DFI (t=-2.182), LOS scores (t=2.202) and MBI (t=3.036) in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). There was positive correlation between scores of BBS and MBI (r=0.899, P<0.001). The frequency of falls was less in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Virtual reality balance training can improve the balance function for PD.

Objective To explore the effect of electroacupuncture at Quchi (LI11), Zusanli (ST36) on differentiation of neural stem cells after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Methods Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group (n=12), model group (n=12) and electroacupuncture group (n=12). The latter two groups were occluded the left middle cerebral arteries for 90 min-utes and reperfused. The electroacupuncture group received electroacupuncture at Quchi and Zusanli acupoints for 21 days. They were evalu-ated with modified Neurological Severity Scores 7, 14 and 21 days after electroacupuncture. Their infarct volumes were tested with MRI T2WI 21 days after electroacupuncture, while the differentiation of neural stem cells was observed with double-immunopositive BrdU/Dcx and BrdU/NeuN. Results Compared with the model group, the neurological deficits score improved in the electroacupuncture group in all the time points (P<0.05). The infarct volumes decreased in the electroacupuncture group (P<0.05), with less number of BrdU+/Dcx+cells in subventricular zone (P<0.001) and more number of BrdU+/NeuN+ cells in peri-infarct cortex (P<0.001) 21 days after electroacupuncture. Conclusion Electroacupuncture at Quchi and Zusanli acupoints can improve neurological function and decrease the infarct volumes in rats after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, which may be associated with promoting differentiation of neural stem cells to neurons.

G in exon 2. This results in an amino acid change from His to Asp at codon 74. Conclusion The novel allele has been confirmed as a new HLA allele and it is officially named HLA-A*0290 by WHO Nomenclature Committee for Factors of the HLA System in Oct. 2005.

Objective To determine the incidence of breast cancer?related lymphedema ( BCRL) in China and to analyze the associated risk factors. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data and the incidence of BCRL in 281 patients who were newly diagnosed with breast cancer and received surgery. The incidence of BCRL was evaluated using arm circumference measurement and Norman questionnaire. The risk factors for lymphedema were analyzed using chi?square test and logistic regression model. Results In all patients,the incidence rates of BCRL determined by arm circumference measurement and Norman questionnaire were 31?7% and 27?0%, respectively. The multivariate analysis showed that postoperative radiotherapy,a preoperative body mass index no less than 24 kg/m2 ,a large axillary lymph node dissection area,and a large number of positive axillary lymph nodes significantly increased the risk of BCRL (HR=2?87,P=0?042;HR=2?54,P=0?011;HR=1?97,P=0?037;HR=1?06,P=0?023). Moreover, patients with breast cancer and hypertension had 1?74?fold higher risk of BCRL than those with normal blood pressure. Conclusions The incidence of BCRL is still very high. However,most of patients only have mild edema. Postoperative radiotherapy, a large axillary lymph node dissection area, a large number of positive axillary lymph nodes,a high preoperative body mass index,and hypertension are risk factors for BCRL.

Objective:To explore the association and gene-environment interaction between single nu-cleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)involved in cell-cell adhesion and non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P)among Chinese population.Methods:A total of 806 NSCL/P trios were drawn by an international consortium,which conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS)using a case-parent trio design to investigate genes affecting risks to NSCL/P.The transmission disequilibrium test (TDT)was used to explore the association between cell-cell adhesion genes,including CDH1,CT-NNB1,PVRL1,PVRL2,PVRL3,ACTN1,VCL,LEF1,and NSCL/P.Conditional Logistic regression models were used to estimate effects on risk of exposed and unexposed children.Four common maternal exposures including maternal smoking,environmental tobacco smoke,alcohol consumption and multivita-min supplementation during pregnancy were included in this study.Results:A total of 226 SNP markers were tested after quality control in this study.Although 23 SNPs in three genes (CTNNB1,CDH1, ACTN1)showed nominal significant association with NSCL/P in the TDT (P <0.05).There were no sig-nificant evidence of linkage and association that remained in the transmission disequilibrium test after Bonferroni correction(P >0.000 2).Tests for gene-environment interaction yielded significant results be-tween rs7431 27 in ACTN1 and environmental tobacco smoke (P =0.000 1 )with an estimated OR (case |G and E)=2.00(95%CI:1 .23 -3.26)and OR (case |G no E)=0.59 (95%CI:0.38 -0.90).Among the lower P value results in gene-environment tests,there were no significant results be-tween rs1 475034,rs370535,rs227341 9 in ACTN1,rs1 06871 in CTNNB1 and environmental tobacco smoke interaction.There were also no significant results between rs7634000,rs2971 366,rs2634553, rs1 489032,rs762481 2 in PVRL3 and multivitamin supplementation during pregnancy in gene-environ-ment tests(P >0.000 2).Conclusion:There is no association between cell-cell adhesion genes,inclu-ding CDH1,CTNNB1,PVRL1,PVRL2,PVRL3,ACTN1,VCL,LEF1,and NSCL/P when the genes are considered alone.But our results suggest that SNPs in ACTN1 may influence the risk to NSCL/P through gene-environment interaction.

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of recurrence within one year after dis-continuation of regular treatment of children's cough variant asthma(CVA)and to construct a predic-tive model,in order to provide guidance for doctors to evaluate the risk of recurrence after CVA treat-ment in children and develop prevention strategies.Methods A total of 215 children with CVA were selected as the study objects.According to whether recurrence occurred within one year after discontin-uation of regular treatment,the patients were divided into recurrence group(n=89)and non-recur-rence group(n=126).Data of two groups were collected for univariate and multivariate Logistic re-gression analysis to screen out the influencing factors of recurrence in children with CVA.The GBM prediction model was constructed by using R software to run the gradient boosting model(GBM)algo-rithm.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to analyze and compare the predictive efficiency of GBM model and Logistic regression model.Results The recurrence rate of 215 children with CVA within one year after regular treatment was 41.40％(89/215).Allergy history(OR=2.870,95％CI,1.442 to 5.714),repeated respiratory infection history(OR=4.132,95％CI,2.045 to 8.348),parents'cognitive level of CVA prevention and control(OR=1.063,95％CI,1.011 to 1.118),eosinophils(OR=0.801,95％CI,0.674 to 0.952),forced expiratory flow at 50％of vi-tal capacity(FEF50)(OR=1.055,95％CI,1.012 to 1.099),maximal midexpiratory flow rate 75/25(MMEF75/25)(OR=1.054,95％CI,1.009 to 1.102),and fractional exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO)(OR=0.883,95％CI,0.834 to 0.935)were influencing factors for recurrence within one year after regular treatment of children's CVA(P＜0.05).According to ROC curve analysis,the area under the curve of GBM model was 0.872,which was larger than 0.827 of Logistic regression model.Conclusion GBM prediction model is established based on the influencing factors of recur-rence within one year after regular treatment of CVA in children,which can be used as a reference for clinical measures to prevent recurrence in children after treatment of CVA.

Objective: To detect the expression of miR-373 in osteosarcoma cells and explore its effects on cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Methods: Human osteosarcoma cell line SJSA-1 and human osteoblast hFOB 1.19 cultured in vitro. Human osteosarcoma cell line SJSA-1 were randomly divided into four groups: blank control group (CK group), negative control group (NC group), miR-373 over-expressed plasmid group (miR-373 mimic group) and miR-373 inhibited plasmid group (miR-373 inhibitor group). Cells were transfected with FuGENE^® HD transfection reagent. After 48 hours of transfection, the relative expression of miR-373 was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), cell proliferation by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and cell invasion and migration by Transwell. Results: The relative expression of miR-373 in SJSA-1 cells was significantly higher than that in hFOB-1.19 cells (P<0.05); compared with CK group and NC group, the relative expression of miR-373 in the miR-373 mimic group increased significantly (P<0.05), and the relative expression of miR-373 in the miR-373 inhibitor group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05); optical density (OD) value of miR-373 mimic group at 24 h, 36 h, and 48 h were significantly higher than that of CK group and NC group (P<0.05), and OD value of miR-373 inhibitor group at 24 h, 36 h, and 48 h were significantly lower than that of CK group and NC group (P<0.05); the number of cell migration in the miR-373 mimic group was significantly higher than that in the CK group and NC group (P<0.05), and the number of cell migration in the miR-373 inhibitor group was significantly lower than that in CK group and NC group (P<0.05); the number of cell migration in the miR-373 mimic group was significantly higher than that in the CK group and NC group (P<0.05), and the number of cell migration in the miR-373 inhibitor group was significantly lower than that in CK group and NC group (P<0.05). Conclusions The expression of miR-373 is up-regulated in osteosarcoma. Overexpression of miR-373 can promote the proliferation, invasion, and migration of osteosarcoma cells, while the low expression of miR-373 can inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and migration of osteosarcoma cells, which may be an important target for the diagnosis and treatment of osteosarcoma.