4.0 mg/L) fluorosis areas in 2008.The fluoride content of the drinking water,the chlidren's dental fluorosis and urinary fluoride were investigated.Results The fluoride in drinking water in the water improved areas was(1.4?0.8)mg/L,which was significantly lower than that in the non-water improved areas(2.6?1.5)mg/L(P

Objective:To detect the distribution of the receptor for advanced glycation end products(RAGE) in gingival tissues of patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus(NIDDM) accompanying periodontitis.Methods:5 patients with chronic periodontitits(CP) and 4 patients with NIDDM accompanying periodontitis were included. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect RAGE and tumor necrosis factor ?(TNF-?) expression in gingival tissues.Interleukin 6(IL-6) and TNF-? levels in gingival crevicular fluid and serum of these patients were examined by ELISA.Results:More RAGE cells were observed in the gingival tissus in the patients of NIDDM with CP than in those of CP(P0.05).Conclusion:RAGE may play a role in the destruction of periodontal tissues in NIDDM patients with CP.

Objective To study the quality standard of Anshen Jiannao Mixture. Methods Radix ophiopgonis, Radix et Rhizoma Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Fructus Lycii and Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng were identified by TLC. HPLC was used to determine the content of Schizandrol A on C18 (250 mm?4.6 mm, 5 ?m) ODS column. The mobile phase was consisted of methanol-water (55∶45). The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was at 250 nm. Results The characteristic spot of Radix et Rhizoma Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Fructus Lycii and Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng could be easily examined by TLC. The calibration curve of Schizandrol A was linear in the range of 0.121 8～1.218 ?g, r=0.999 9. The precision RSD was 0.22% (n=6). The reproducibility RSD was 1.1% (n=6). The average recovery rate of Schizandrol A was 97.34% (RSD=1.7%, n =6). Conclusions The method is easy, sensitive and specific with good reproducibility. It can be used to control the quality of Anshen Jiannao Mixture.

Objective To investigate the effects of low dose radiation on dendritic growth of newborn neurons in the hippocampus of young rat.Methods One month-old male rats were randomized into radiation group aind sham control group.Radiation group received whole brain irradiation at a single dose of 2 Gy.Retrovirus expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) was used to label newborn neurons in the hippocampus through stereotaxic intracranial infusion.Immunofluorescence assays were performed to detect dendritic architecture alterations induced by irradiation at different time points.Results Compared with control group,the lengths of total dendrite and the longest dendrite significantly decreased at 2 and 4 weeks after irradiation (t =3.10,2.07,2.94,4.02,P ＜ 0.05).The branching points of new born neurons were also decreased significantly at 2 weeks post irradiation (t =2.23,P ＜ 0.05).The number of new born neurons reduced at 4 weeks post irradiation (t =8.43,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Low dose radiation could inhibit newborn neuron growth in the hippocampus of young rat,which may be one of the most important mechanisms involved in radiation-induced cognitive impairment.

Objective To investigate whether human breast milk may bind to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and its characteristics.Methods Breast milk samples from five women with negative HBsAg and hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) at one to two months post delivery were fractioned into cream and skimmed milk by centrifugation.The human breast milk and each fraction as well as cow and goat milk samples,served as controls,were separately incubated with highly purified yeast recombinant HBsAg,followed by determination of their binding capability to HBsAg by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the inhibition rate for binding of HBsAg to anti-HBs by quantitative chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay.After boiled for 1 min or pasteurized in 65 ℃ for 30 min,the thermal stability of the active components of milk was detected.One-way ANOVA and SNK tests were performed for statistical analysis.Results The operative concentration of HBsAg was 0.1 μg/ml.Breast milk from all five women showed significantly better binding capability to HBsAg than cow or goat milk (1.306±0.300 vs 2.157±0.150 and 2.232±0.093,F=34.303,P＜0.01).The quantitative experiments showed that the inhibition rate of human breast milk was higher than that of the control group [(74.26± 17.26)％ vs (0.00±5.50)％,F=57.806,P＜0.01].The binding ability to HBsAg of skimmed milk was comparable with that of whole milk,indicating milk protein(s) played critical roles in binding to HBsAg (0.877 ± 0.486 vs 0.513 ± 0.069 and 0.376 ± 0.146,F=44.475,P＜0.01).After boiled for 1 min or Pasteurization,the binding ability to HBsAg of whole breast milk remained,but that of skimmed milk went down (F=16.598,P＜0.01).Both whole breast milk and skimmed milk could inhibit the binding of HBsAg to anti-HBs (F=278.341 and 269.408,both P＜0.01).Conclusions The inhibition of binding to HBsAg by human breast milk indicates that human milk may interact with HBsAg.The active components mainly exist in milk proteins and are thermal stable.

Objective To explore the effect of dexmedetomidine on hemodynamics in hypertensive patients undergoing thyroid surgery with local anesthesia.Methods Sixty patients with preoperatively diagnosed class Ⅰ to Ⅱ hypertension undergoing selective thyroidectomy were randomly divided into D (dexmedetomidine) and M (midazolam) groups (30 patients in each group).Doses of dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg were finished in 20 minutes injection in patients of D group before the start of the surgery,then sequentially maintained at the rate of 0.1 ～ 0.5 μg/ (kg · h) with decreasing speed of 0.1 μg/(kg · h) when systolic pressure kept down to 110 mmHg or heart rare down to 60 bpm or Ramsay score of 3 points.The patients in M group were injected with midazolam 0.04 mg/kg 20 minutes before the start of surgery,then maintained at the rate of 0.02 ～ 0.05 mg/(kg · h),decreasing speed of 0.1 mg/(kg · h) to keep Ramsay score of 3 points if necessary.Two groups of patients with Ramsay score of 3 points but a high blood pressure (higher than 30％ of basic level) or heart rate (more than 100 bpm) were treated with drugs during operation.Record the systolic pressure,diastolic pressure,heart rate and Ramsay score at the time of before medication (T0),the injection of local anesthetics (T1),the start of surgery (T2),pain compliments required additional local anesthetics (T3),dealing with gland (T4) and the end of surgery,VAS in 8 h after operation and adverse reaction were recorded.Results In D group,the dosages of urapidil and esmolol [(10 ±5)mg and (0 ±0)mg] were significantly less than those in patients of M group [(60 ± 10) mg and (80 ±5) mg,t =14.82,t =19.78,P ＜ 0.05].Blood pressure and heart rate were all significantly decreased at the time of T1,T2 and T5 when comparing with T0(P ＜0.05 orP ＜0.01),and only heart rate was significantly decreased at the time of T3 and T4 (P ＜ 0.05).While in M group,blood pressure and heart rate were higher than basic levels at the time of T3 and T4 (P ＜ 0.05).Besides,lower blood pressure and heart rate were less than those in M group at all observed time expect T0 (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Good sedation effects can be produced by both dexmedetomidine and midazolam in hypertensive patients undergoing thyroid surgery with local anesthesia,but dexmedetomidine was determined more suitable in sedation and anti-hypertension in patients with light to moderate hypertension for better hemodynamic stability effect with local anesthesia.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of intramuscular parecoxib for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.Methods Fifty-four ASA Ⅰ-Ⅲ patients,aged 65-75 yr,scheduled for unilateral total knee arthroplasty,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =27 each)∶ tramadol group (group T) and parecoxib group (group P).Total intravenous anesthesia was used in both groups.Group P received intramuscular injection of parecoxib 40 mg at 12 h before operation and 12,24,36,48,60 and 72 h after operation,and group T received tramadol 100 mg at the same time points.When VAS score was more than 3 after operation,intramuscular parecoxib 50 mg was given as rescue analgesic.The ineffective analgesia at rest and during activity was recorded.The time for knee range of motion to reach 90° and cardiovascular events were recorded.The ultrasonic inspection was performed on veins of the bilateral lower extremities at 7 and 14 days after operation for detection of vein thrombosis.Results Compared with T group,the rate of ineffective analgesia at rest and during activity was significantly decreased,the time for knee range of motion to reach 90° was shortened,and the incidence of deep vein thrombosis was significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01),and no significant change was found in the incidences of cardiovascular events and intramuscular venous thrombosis in group P (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Parecoxib 40 mg injected intramuscularly before and after operation can significantly relieve postoperative pain,is helpful for the hip function rehabilitation and can reduce the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.

BACKGROUND: It has become a hot issue to treat malignant tumors with retroviral mediated cytokines. But it remains a controversy whether retroviral mediated γ-interferon(IFN-γ) is valid in killing glioma cells and prolonging the survival of tumor carriers.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of retrovital mediated γ-interferon on the growth of glioma and the survival of tumor-carrying rats.DESIGN: Completely ramdomized trial based on animals.SETTING: Neurosurgery department of a hospital affiliated to a university.MATERIALS: The trial was conducted in the Neurosurgery Institute of Harbin Medical Unicersity from July 2002 to July 2004. The subjects were 60 male Wistar rats provided by the Animal Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical Unicersity. They were randomly assigned into 3groups: C6 control group, C6/PA317neo control group and C6/PA317IFN-γ treatment group, 20 in each group.INTERVENTIONS: Retroviral vector containing murine IFN-γ gene was transferred into retroviral package cell PA317. A high titer PA317IFN-γ cell line was obtained after G418 resistance screening. In the right basal ganglion area 1 × 106 C6 cells was injected in each of the rats. The rats in C6groups received no more intervention. Those in C6/PA317neo control group received injection of 1 × 106 PA317IFN-γ cells in the right basal ganglion 4days after C6 injection. Those in C6/PA317IFN-γ treatment group received injection of 1 × 106 PA317IFN-γ cells in the right basal ganglion 4 days after selected from each group to be kill, and the brains were taken out to make frozen sections for SABC immunohistochemical staining. The CD4 and CD8 T was measured with imaging processing software under microscope.RESULTS: The mean survival time of rats in C6 and C6/PA317neo control groups was(27.10 ± 0.82) days and (26.60 ± 0.93) days respectively( P ＞ 0.05), while that in treatment group was(49.30 ± 4. 17) days and there were five rats outlived beyond 60 days( P ＜ 0.01 vs the two controls). The tumor volume in the two control groups was of no difference but the tumor volume in treatment was significantly smaller than that in control groups( P ＜ 0. 01 ) . The CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes infiltration in treatment group was more than that in control groups( P ＜ 0.01) and there was no difference between the two controls( P ＞ 0.05) . It was also revealed through immunohistochemical examination that in treatment group there was Brdu positive cells on the 7th day and they disappeared on the 16th day. But there was no Brdu positive cells in the control groups.CONCLUSION: Intratumor injection of PA317IFN-γ induces anti-tumor immunal reaction in rats. Retroviral mediated IFN-γ inhibits tumor growth and prolongs rat survival.

The study of protein-surface interactions represents one of the most important topics in the field of biomaterials.It is believed that blood cells do not actually contact the biomaterial surface directly,but rather interact with the molecular structure of the adsorbed protein layer.Therefore,protein plays a key role in regulation and induction of cells.It provides ideas for biomaterials designing that exploring the molecular mechanism of controlling protein adsorption and regulating cell response.This paper reviews the research progress of the interactions of protein and surfaces,and prospects the future research direction.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of intervention for health risk factor in hospital employees. Methods This study was carried out among 339 employees of a hospital in Jinan, Shandong Province. Based on the results of Health Risk Appraisal for 14 health risk factors, we designed a 6-months intervention program for the most widely distributed and intervenable health risk factors; and then evaluated the changes of health risk factors after 6 months. Results After 6-month intervention the prevalence of 3 health risk factors decreased (P ＜ 0.05 ): physical inactivity decreased from 57.8% to 38.6%,hyperlipidemia from 9.4% to 5.3%, and unhealthy dietary from 28.9% to 14.8%. Compared with the baseline data, the average number of health risk factors were reduced from 3.10 to 2. 71 ( P ＜ 0. 01 ).Conclusion The intervention can reduce health risk factors effectively.