OBJECTIVEThis study investigates the immune status of T helper (Th) 17 cells in mice with periodontitis.

METHODSSeven-week-old C57BL/6 female mice were randomly divided into the control and periodontitis groups. Each group comprisedfour mice. Experimental periodontitis was induced in mice by oral infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis in the periodontitis group. Phosphate-buffered saline solution was used in the control group. All mice were sacrificed 4 weeks after the last P. gingivalis infection. CD4⁺retinoid-related orphan receptor (ROR) γτ⁺(Th17) cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The protein expression of Th17 cell-related cytokine interleukin (IL)-17A was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbentassay (ELISA).

RESULTSFlow cytometry showed that the percentage of CD4⁺RORγτ⁺(Thl7) cells in all CD4⁺ cells and the cell number in gingival tissues, cervical lymph nodes (CLNs), and the peripheral blood obviously increased (P < 0.01) in the periodontitis group. ELISA showed that compared with the control group, the periodontitis group exhibited an obvious increase in the protein expression of IL-17A (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTh17 cell-mediated cell response is enhanced, and the gingival tissues, CLNs, and the peripheral blood are probably the main locations of Thl7 cell-mediated cell response during the development of periodontitis.

Alveolar Bone Loss ; Animals ; Cytokines ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Gingiva ; Interleukin-17 ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Periodontitis ; metabolism ; Porphyromonas gingivalis ; Random Allocation ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer

Objective:To investigate regulatory T(Treg)cell-mediated immune response in mice with periodontitis.Methods:8 sev-en-week old C57BL/6 female mice were randomly divided into 2 groups(n =4).Periodontitis was induced in mice by oral infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis(P.gingivalis).Carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)was used for the sham control mice.All mice were sacrificed 4 weeks after the last P.gingivalis infection.CD4 +forkhead box P3 (Foxp3)+ cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.The protein ex-pression of TGF-1 and IL-1 0 was detected by ELISA.Results:Periodontitis mice showed an obvious decrease in the percentage of CD4 +Foxp3 + cells in CD4 + T cells in gingival tissues,cervical lymph nodes(CLNs)and peripheral blood(P <0.01 ).Moreover,peri-odontitis mice had an obvious increase in the expression of TGF-1 and IL-1 0 in gingival tissues,CLNs and serum(P <0.05).Conclu-sion:Treg cell-mediated immune response is weakened in the mice with periodontitis.Gingival tissues,CLNs and the peripheral blood are probably the main source of Treg cells during periodontitis.

Objective To describe the lived experience of mothers of children with hydrocephalus. Methods A semi-structured interview was conducted with 14 mothers of children with hydrocephalus. Data were analyzed based on Colaizzi phenomenotogical research method. Results Through the analysis, sorting and refining the theme, the mother's care experience could be divided into three themes: psychological emotional, stress response, social support requirements. Conclusions Nursing staff should have a thorough understanding of the experience to provide medical care and emotional support, improve the ability of the parents care,which could help caregiver adapt to their roles, maintain and promote the health of children patients and their families .

BACKGROUND: The hot environmental condition of the isolated severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) ward makes the protein transformation of the medical personnel accelerated. The dietary protein should make up the special consumption and improve the immunity in addition to guaranteeing the normal metabolism for the purpose to promote the organic endurance and resist the communicable disease.OBJECTIVE: To study the scientific mode of quality and quantity of protein supply for the medical staff working in the SARS ward.DESIGN: A cross section analysis.SETTING: Trophological Department, General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces.PARTICIPANTS: The 64 healthy doctors and nurses, 22 males and 42females, aged 29 averagely, worked in the SARS ward from May 1st to 20th 2003, were the volunteers to join the observation.METHODS: The weighing method was applied to measure the quantity of various food supplied by recipe and actually taken and the nutrition software was used to analyze the quantity of protein and amino acid contained in the food. The quantity of protein supply (taking male as standard) calculated according to the heavy consumption, 1.5 g/kg.d, in the hot environment was compared with the estimated consumption, male (108.00±12.63) g and female (85.21±9.55) g, and with the actual intake analyzed by computer. The corrected scoring of digestibility was employed to evaluate the reasonability of intake of various essential amino acids. The quantity of essential amino acids contained in every gram of protein of recipe/the amino acids contained in Reference Mode of Chinese Food × 93% being higher than 1.0 was said to be the quality protein meeting the need of human body.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:① The quantity and composition of protein supplied by the recipe. ② The quantity and composition of protein actually taken by the working staff.RESULTS: All of the 64 medical working staff entered the result analysis.① The protein supply of recipe (daily average) could totally meet the need of estimated consumption of male and female staff [(157.36±10.43) g,(108.00±12.63) g, (85.21±9.55) g, t=9.344, 18.278, P ＜ 0.01] and the need of actual intake [(157.70±58.14) g, (111.02±31.77) g, t= -0.015, 3.795, P＞ 0.05, P ＜ 0.01]. ② The corrected scores of 9 amino acids of digestibility, (1.9-3.1), were all higher than 1.0 and the percentage of amino acids was in accordance with the food mode of Chinese people.CONCLUSION: The protein quantity and quality of recipe can meet the special need of medical staff working in the hot environment with the heavy physical consumption in the SARS ward and can produce the best biological effect, being scientific.

Objective To discuss the risk factors for incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) in elderly patients to provide the basis for the scientific research and formulation of effective precautions. Methods Totally 170 elderly patients were collected age, gender and other 10 data. The study allocated patients into case group and control group based on the end whether get incontinent dermatitis. Univarate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were conducted to compare the 11 indicators mentioned above between the two groups to find out the risk factors. Results The types of incontinence, diarrhea, damp frequency, diabetes, and antimicrobials species were significantly different between the two groups (χ2=4.317-17.404, P<0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that fecal incontinence, diarrhea and diabetes were risk factors (P < 0.05). Conclusions Clinical nurses should increase especially for incontinence frequency > 3 times per day and/or stool is thin and watery then patients, diarrhea and hemorrhoids patients, diabetes prevalence > 10 years or the level of blood glucose control with poor patients attention,and take effective intervention measures, focusing on prevention and cure together.

Objectives To observe the pre and post-operational changes of the expressions of survivin, caspase-3 and CD44V6 in patients with colorectal cancer after intra-abdominal implantation of sustained releasing fluorouracil. Meth-ods Sixty-four patients with colorectal cancer (Dukes’stage of B and C) were divided into treatment group and control group, 32 patients in each group. The standard radical surgery was performed in two groups of patients. The fluorouracil im-plants were implanted intra-abdominally in treatment group. The peripheral blood levels of surviving and caspase-3 were de-tected by RT-PCR. The level of CD44V6 was detected by flow cytometry in two groups of patients. Results There were no significant differences in levels of survivin, caspase-3 and CD44V6 before surgery between two groups (P>0.05). The level of survivin (0.362 ± 0.183) was significantly lower at 14 days after operation in treatment group than that of control group (0.585±0.207), but the level of caspase-3 (2.001±0.146) was significantly higher than that of control group (1.654±0.111). The levels of CD44V6 were significantly lower in treatment group (1.857±0.535) and control group (3.471±0.496) after opera-tion than those before operation (9.557±1.170 and 9.729±0.943, P＜0.05), and the level of CD44V6 was significantly lower in treatment group than that of control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion The implant for the sustained release of fluorouracil showed a positive impact on micrometastases and prognosis of colorectal cancer, while improved the long-term efficacy of postoperative colorectal cancer.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of a new-type moxibustion box in treating cervical spondylotic radiculopathy.Methods Sixty patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 30 cases each. The treatment group received nape-eight-needle acupuncture plus new-type moxibustion box therapy and the control group, nape-eight-needle acupuncture plus conventional moxibustion box therapy. After 10 treatments, the NPQ score, the symptom and sign score and the VAS score were recorded in the two groups and the clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate was 100.0% in the treatment group versus 83.3% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in the NPQ score, the symptom and sign score and the VAS score in the two groups (P<0.01,P<0.05). There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in the NPQ score, the symptom and sign score and the VAS score between the treatment and control groups (P<0.05).ConclusionNape-eight-needle acupuncture plus a new-type moxibustion box is an effective way to treat cervical spondylotic radiculopathy.

Objective To study the role of PPARa gene in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods Transmission elctron microscopy was used to study the morphologic differences between the MDR cell line HepG2/ADM and its mother cell line HepG2;Real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to check the expression of PPARa in mRNA level and protein level in the two cell lines respectively. Results Transmission elctron microscopy showed that the HepG2/ADM cells had more viliformed maculas on their nuclear memberanes, more vacuoles in their cytoplasmas, more rough endoplastic reticulums; the PPARa gene was down regulated in the HepG2/ADM cells. Conclusion PPARa is related with the multidrug resistance phenomenon in the HepG2/ADM cells. The down regulation of PPARa may be one of the mechanisms conferring the forming of MDR in tumor cells.

Objective To investigate the effect of tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNF-?) in combination with Go6976 on murine liver cancer cells (H22). Method H22 cells were divided into two groups. Each group was further divided into four subgroups. Group 1 was treated with TNF-? 0, 20, 40, 60ng/ml. Group 2 was treated with TNF-? 0, 20, 40, 60 ng/ml and Go6976 (4.6 nmol/ml). The apoptotic rate, protein kinase C alpha (PKC-?) expression and phosphorylation-PKC-? (p-PKC-?) were detected by flow cytometer and Western blotting respectively in 4 h, 8 h and 16 h. Result Treated with TNF-? (0, 20, 40, 60 ng/ml) for 4 h, the apoptotic rates of H22 cells were 2. 44% ? 0. 31 % , 1. 80% ? 0. 32% , 2. 73% ?0. 14% and 3. 05% ?0. 78% respectively, with no change on the expression of PKC-? and p-PKC-?; For 8 h, the expressions of PKC-? and p-PKC-? in H22 cells were up-regulated with increasing concentration of TNF-?; When PKC-? was inhibited with Go6976 at the same time, the apoptotic rates of cells increased significantly, being 2. 90% ?0.39%, 7.76% ?0.35%, 11.43% ?1.05% and 12.96% ?2.44% , respectively. Moreover, PKC-? and p-PKC-? were down-regulated accordingly. When H22 cells were treated with TNF-? only or combined with Go6976 for 16 h, the result was similar to that of 8 h; The apoptotic rate dropped in the group in which PKC-? was inhibited by Go6976 with TNF-? at 60 ng/ml, but the proportion of necrotic cells increased. Conclusion TNF-? up-regulates the expression of PKC-? and p-PKC-? in H22 cells. Inhibiting the activity of PKC-? significantly enhances the toxicity of TNF-? to H22 cells.

Objective To study the relationship between APOBEC3G mRNA level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and serum hepatitis C viral RNA level in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection. Methods TaqMan real-time fluorescence relative quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to quantify APOBEC3G mRNA levels in PBMC from 49 patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and 31 healthy subjects. The relationship between APOBEC3G mRNA level and hepatitis C virus (HCV) viral load was analyzed. SPSS11. 0 statistics software was used for t test and regression analysis. Results APOBEC3G mRNA level in CHC patients [(1.5×10-5±1.9×10-5 ) copy/mL] was significantly lower than that [( 5. 2 × 10-5 ± 5. 5 × 10-5 ) copy/mL] in the healthy control subjects (t=-3.005, P＜0.01). While APOBEC3G mRNA level was not related with HCV viral loads (r=-0.082, P＞0.05). Conclusion HCV has an inhibitive effect on APOBEC3G expression, whereas APOBEC3G doesn't affect HCV replication directly in vivo.