0.05);between YMDD mutation and YMDD negative,there was statistical difference(P0.05),between YMDD mutation and YMDD negative, there was significant difference(t=12.76,P

BACKGROUND:As a material to repair osteochondral defect,the acellular cartilage matdx has attracted more and more researchers'attention,however,there is no comparison between two ways of decelluladzation.OBJECTIVE:To test trypsin and Triton X-100 methods for their potential of cell removal.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Controlled observation was performed at the Central Laboratory of Orthopaedics in the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between March and July in 2008.MATERIALS:Fresh knee and hip articular cartilages of pig were purchased from the market.METHODS:Porcine articular cartilages were treated with either 0.25%trypsin or 0.25% Triton X-100 respectively for decelluladzation,while fresh untreated articular cartilage served as control.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①General observation on the morphology of acellular articular cartilage.②Immunohistochemistry and scanning electron microscopy were used to determine the effect of two decellularization methods on the extracellular matrix collagen.③Ten articular cartilage leaflets in each group were measured for breaking strength and percentage elongation through loading,unloading and breaking tests.RESULTS:①By use of trypsin and Triton X-100 methods,the acellular matrix had no significance difference in the morphology compared with untreated cartilage,only presenting slightly white color and feeling less soft.②lmmunohistochemistry and scanning electron microscopy results showed that,trypsin and Triton X-100 methods achieved complete decelluladzation.Trypsin had no significant influence in extracellular matrix and cartilage leaflets microstructure;Triton X-100 caused some tiny structural alterations,such as more collagen and disordered structure.It is possibly that Triton X-100 damaged extracellular matrix.③No significant difference was identified between untreated and trypsin,Triton X-100 groups in breaking strength and percentage elongation.CONCLUSION:Trypsin and Triton X-100 all achieve complete decellularization.but trypsin uses short time and low costs with well preservation,while Triton X-100 with long procedure and slight damage to collagen structure.They all have no significance influence to the mechanics characteristics of articular cartilage.

Leptin is a kind of energy-modulation hormone expressed by fat tissue. Its receptor has a wide distributing in human body which affects much physiological systems and metabolize access. With the further researches to leptin, its function is not localized fatness and thinness. Leptin is closely associated with the function of gastric mucosa. It attends the pathophysiological course of gastric cancer and gastric -related disease.

Objective To explore the efficacy of modified uvula palatopharyngeal plasty in the treatment of obstructive sleep ap-nea syndrome(OSAHS) .Methods 145 cases of OSAHS patients were treated from June 2006 to June 2010 in our hospital ,of which 54 were treated by traditional UPPP surgery ,and the remaining 91 cases were treated by h-UPPP surgery .Compared its effi-cacy by the preoperative and postoperative polysomnography map (PSG) analysis .Results In 145 cases of patients with OSAHS , the PSG monitoring indicators of 1 year after surgery were compared with preoperative ,and there were significant difference in the apnea total time(AI) ,the breathing hypopnea index(AHI) ,the lowest oxygen saturation(SaO2 )(P<0 .05) .The subjective symp-toms in postoperative recovery process of modified UPPP ,such as dry throat ,open nasal ,nasopharyngeal reflux symptoms were sig-nificantly reduced than that of traditional UPPP surgery .Conclusion h-UPPP surgery have a good effect .

Objective To investigate the sensory-discriminative and affective-motivational pain response of intrathecal injection of m-AIP,a special inhibitor of CaMKII,in a rat model of chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve(CCI).Methods Eighteen SD rats were divided randomly into 3 groups(n=6):Group S(sham),Group C(control) and Group m-AIP.Group C and m-AIP were operated with the model of neumpathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve; Group S were treated as sham operated rats.Seven days after operation,Group S and C received intrathecal injection of 0.9％ NaCI 20 μl,while Group m-AIP received intrathecal injection of m-AIP 0.5 nmol/20 μl.Escape/avoidance behavior refrecting the affective-motivational dimension of pain was measured on 1.5 h after administration.Rats received pain behavior tests including paw withdrawal mechanical threshold(PWMT) and paw withdrawal thermal latency(PWTL) before and 2 h,4 h,8 h after administration.Results Treatment with m-AIP attenuated escape/avoidance behavior and reversed pain behaviors after CCI.At 2h and 4h after administration,Group m-AIP PWTL((1 1.45 ± 2.04)s,(10.26 ± 1.48)s) and PWMT ((21.15 ±4.32)g,(20.45 ±4.09) g) were increased when compared with Group C PWTL((9.63 ± 1.65)s,(9.30 ±0.73)s),PWMT((13.87 ±2.36)g,(14.80 ±3.12)g)(P＜0.05).Before and8 h after administration,Group m-AIP PWTL,PWMT had no significant difference when compared with Group C (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion CaMKⅡ may play an important role in sensory and affective pain processing in neuropathic rats.Intrathecal injection of m-AIP can effectively improve pain behaviors and attenuate negative affect.

Objective To investigate the changes in the expression of hepatic circadian clock gene in different types of circadian rhythm and the effect of isoflurane anesthesia on the expression of hepatic circadian clwk gene in mice.Methods Seventy-two male C57/B6 mice,aged 2 months,weighing 20-25 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =24 each):normal light/dark (LD) cycle group,reversal LD cycle group and anesthesia group.Normal LD cycle group and anesthesia groupwere maintained in a regular 12 h LD cycle with lights on at 8:00 am and off at 8:00 pm for 3 weeks,and in addition anesthesia was then performed with isoflurane in anesthesia group.Reversal LD cycle group was kept in an inverted12 h LD cycle with lights on at 8:00 pm and off at 8:00 am for 3 weeks.The natural time was converted to circadian time (CT) and the initial time was set at CT0.Isoflurane anesthesia group was exposed to 2％ isoflurane for 6 h during the wakening period from CT14 to CT20.The liver and suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) were removed from mice at CT2,CT8,CT14 and CT20 for determination of Clock and Cry1 mRNA expression by real-time quantitative PCR.Results Clock and Cry1 mRNA expression in the liver and SCN showed rhythm in the two different types of circadian rhythm.Compared with that in SCN,the peak phase of Clock and Cry1 mRNA expression in livers was delayed in two different types of circadian rhythm.Isoflurane anesthesia caused a peak phase delay of Cry1 and Clock mRNA expression in livers as compared with normal LD cycle group.Conclusion Circadian clock gene in livers shows rhythmic expression in different types of circadian rhythm,and isoflurane anesthesia can cause a large peak phase delay of circadian clock gene expression in livers of mice.

Objective To investigate spatial memory ability of intraperitoneal injection of resveratrol in a mice model of chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve(CCI).Methods Forty-four C57BL/6 mice were divided randomly into 4 groups:sham group (n=14),CCI group (n=14),resveratrol pre-treatment group (i.p.resveratrol 100 mg/kg 30 minutes before CCI model,n=8) and resveratrol post-treatment group (i.p.resveratrol 100 mg/kg 14 days after CCI model,n =8).CCI group,resveratrol pre-treatment group and resveratrol post-treatment group were operated with the model of neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve.In shamoperated controls,an identical surgical procedure was performed,except that the sciatic nerve was not ligated.This was accomplished by using intellicage for mice by newbehavior to record their spatial memory after surgery.Results (l) Resveratrol pre-treatment group showed improved spatial memory ability compared with sham group and CCI group during day 17-21 (17 d:(55.80±7.66) ％,(51.20±7.94) ％ ; 18 d:(60.20±3.89) ％,(49.80±8.61) ％ ; 19 d:(62.20±7.25) ％,(51.20±6.83) ％ ;20 d:(63.00±9.69) ％,(48.40±8.84) ％ ;21 d:(56.80±7.52) ％,(47.20±4.54) ％)(P＜0.05),compared with CCI group.(2)From day 26,the spatial memory damage was observed in mice with CCI (26 d:(37.50±5.50)％,(51.80±9.01)％;27 d:(37.25±4.19)％,(51.20±5.76)％;28 d:(42.25± 3.50) ％,(52.80± 7.52) ％) (P＜ 0.05),compared with sham group.And this damage could be reversed by resveratrol,which was injected when the chronic pain was stable (26 d (46.60± 5.27) ％,27 d (54.00± 7.31) ％,28 d (52.60±4.39)％),compared with CCI group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve mice due to spatial memory impairment can be improved by resveratrol.

In the process of cultivating TCM clinical postgraduates of TCM clinical college in Shanxi university of Chinese medicine,we emphasized the importance of clinical application ability and innovation ability in scientific research,stressed the clinical practice and check management,to formulate the objective,effective and quantified assessment index system in keeping with the real institution of our college,so as to improve the all-round quality of TCM clinical postgraduates.

Objective To screen for the miR-155 expression in synovial fibroblasts of rheumatoid arthritis (RASFs) and osteoarthritis (OASFs) and to evaluate the function of miR-155 on RASFs and its possible target mRNAs. Methods The expression levels of miR-155 in RASFs and OASFs were detected by real-time PCR. MiR-155 mimic and miR-155 inhibitor, as well as scrambled control were transfected into cultured RASFs by Lipofectamine 2000. Forty-eight hours later, MMP-3 levels in the cell culture supernatant were detected by ELISA and fibroblast proliferation was assayed by 3H -TdR incorporation test. Fibroblast invasive ability was tested by transwell system. IKBKE which previously identified as actual target of miR-155 was examined by real-time PCR. Comparisons between groups were performed with t test or one-way ANOVA analysis. Results It was shown that miR-155 was up-regulated in RASFs (1.79 ±1.94) and it was higher than that in OASFst (0.11±0.17), P<0.05]. Up-regulation of miR-155 could decrease MMP-3 levels (P<0.05). The proliferation and invasion of RASFs transfected with miR-155 were both evidently suppressed (P<0.05), while reducing the endogenous miR-155 could significantly enhance RASF proliferation (P<0.05). The expression of IKBKE of RASFs transfected with miR-155 was obviously down-regulated compared to those transfected with the scrambled control (P<0.05). Conclusion miR-155 is up-regulated in RASFs which may be a protective factor against the inflammatory effect, at least partially by attenuating the expression of IKBKK.

Objective To investigate the effects of Epimedium ,Astragalus ,Radix Puerariae on DMT1 expression in the cere‐bral cortex of APPswe/PS1ΔE9 double transgenic mice model of AD .Methods A total of 60 specific‐pathogen‐free male APPswe/PS1ΔE9 double transgenic mice aged 6 months were equally and randomly assigned to model ,Epimedium ,Astragalus ,Radix puerari‐ae ,compound and DFO groups .An additional 10 6‐month‐old C57BL/6J mice served as negative control group .Using immunohisto‐chemistry and molecular biology methods to investigate the effects of a compound combining the effective components of Epimedi‐um ,Astragalus ,Radix puerariae on DMT1 expression in the cerebral cortex of APPswe/PS1ΔE9 double transgenic mice model of AD . Results Immunohistochemical staining results revealed that DM T 1 positive cell did not show in negative control group .DM T1 ex‐pression was higher in model group compared with the negative control group .DMT1 expression was lower in the compound and deferoxamine groups than in the model group .No significant difference was detected in DM T 1 expression between deferoxamine and compound groups .RT‐PCR ,Western blot and immunohistochemical staining results showed no significant difference .Conclusion These compounds can downregulate DMT1 expression and inhibit iron overload in the cerebral cortex of mice with Alzheimer′s dis‐ease ,reduce iron overload induced impairment of the central nervous system .