Objective: To study the quick extraction and determination of icariin in Herba Epimedii.Methods: The orthogonal design and ASE300 system were used to study the extraction method of icariin.The content of icariin was determined by HPLC.The methanol water glacial acetic acid(60∶40∶0.25) was used as a mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0ml/min,the detection wavelength was 270nm and the column temperature was 41℃.Results: The optimal extraction conditions were: 50% alcohol and extracting one times for twenty minutes each time at 70℃.The extracting rate of icariin was 93.15%.The RP-HPLC for determining method is simple,rapid and accurate.Conclusion: The extraction and determination methods are practicable for icariin in Herba Epimedii.

Objective:To study the microwave-assisted extracting method for magnolol and honokiol in Magnolia offcinalis Rend et Wils.Methods:The orthogonal design was used to study the extraction method of magnolol and honokiol.The contents of them were determined by HPLC.The methanol water glacial acetic acid(85:15:0.25)was used as a mobile phase.The flow rate was 1.0ml/min,the detection wavelength was 294nm and the column temperature was 23℃.Results:The condition of 75%ethanol with the middling power of microwave,extracting for 4 minutes and ratio of materials to liquid 1:40 was the optimal extracting method.The extracting rate of honokiol and magnolol was 92.33%,73.59%.The RP-HPLC for determining method was simple,rapid and accurate.Conclusion:The extracting and determining method was practicable for magnolol and honokiol in Magnolia offcinalis Rend et Wils.

The training of 24-hour resident physicians is the key link of standard training for resident physi-cians.The question of how to improve the quality of residency training is an important task.The article summarized practices in standardized training process for 24-hour resident doctors and argued the construction of the monitoring and examining system for the purpose of promoting the training.

Objective To study changes in ACE, LDH and AKP in BALF and blood after rapid decompression in rabbits. Methods Thirty healthy New-Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into low decompression group and rapid decompression group. The respective activity of ACE, LDH and AKP in BALF and blood of rabbits was measured. Results Various degrees of increase in activity of ACE, LDH and AKP in BALF were observed after rapid decompression. Conclusion The simultaneous enhancement of activity of these enzymes suggest that there was injury to the lung consistent with the degree of injury after rapid decompression.

Objective To study the effect of rapid decompression on ultrastructure of the lung in rabbits. Methods Thirty healthy New-Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into low decompression group and rapid decompression group. The pulmonary ultrastructure of rabbits was observed with transmission electron microscope (TEM). Results In rabbits of the rapid decompression group, a number of pathological changes were found, such as disruption of cell membrane structure of types Ⅰ and Ⅱ alveolar cells, loosening of intercellular linkage, edematous mitochondria, expanded rough endoplasmic reticulum, engorged capillary of alveolar wall, edematous capillary endothelium cells, and increased capillary permeability. These changes became especially obvious when the decompression peak value was above 9.8 kPa. Conclusion Rapid decompression could inflict injury to the lung, which was aggravated with the increase of the decompression peak value.

Objective To observe physiological and ultrastructure changes in rabbits breathing various contents of oxygen during exposure to high altitude. Methods Twenty healthy rabbits were randomly divided into air-breathing group, 63% oxygenbreathing group, 83% oxygenbreathing group and pure oxygen breathing group. All rabbits were exposed to an atmosphere corresponding to an altitude of 11 000m in hypobaric chamber for 30min. The amount of air bubble in the heart and ECG of rabbits were recorded, the ultrastructural changes in the heart and brain were examined, and the expression of kidney erythopoietin (EPO) was also observed. Results The amount of air bubbles in the air breathing group was increased remarkably, and most of the rabbits developed arrhythmia. With the increase of oxygen concentration, the changes in ultrastructure were alleviated and the expression of kidney EPO decreased. Conclusion Oxygenconcentration above 80% could provide obvious protection for rabbits during their exposure to high altitude.

Objective To assess the performance of onboard oxygen generating and supplying system. Methods A model of a person and 8 volunteers in hypobaric chamber and rapid decompression chamber underwent the tests of producing oxygen ability of the oxygen concentrator of board oxygen generating system normal performance tests on oxygen supply at 0～8 000m, performance tests at cruising altitude for longrange, warning performance tests, secondary oxygen switch tests, positive pressure oxygen performance tests and rapid decompression performance tests. Results All the ability of producing and supply of oxygen, and the normal and the emergency performance of onboard oxygen generating system could fulfill the system physiological requirements. Conclusion On board oxygen generating and supplying system could meet pilots normal and emergeney needs when pilots aviate for long range in high altitude.

The explosive terror attack is the most frequent in all terror activities in the world. The authors reviewed its current situation and the challenges we are confronted with in China and elsewhere. In the present paper, the types, characteristics and emergency medical support (particularly classifying and emergency treatment, triage, transportation and evacuation, seeking and unearthing for buried victims) of explosive injuries in explosive attack site were systematically expounded.

Objective To explore the effect of antiepileptic drugs on rats' cognitive function. Methods 70 adolescent male SD rats, weighing (201?29)g, were randomly divided into seven groups: normal control group (NS), status epilepticus group (Pentylenetetrazole, PTZ), carbamazepine group (CBZ), valproate sodium group (VPA), phenytoin group (PHT), topiramate group (TPM) and lamotrigine group (LTG). All animals except those in NS group were kindled by PTZ, then they were treated with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Rats of all the seven groups were subjected to Morris water maze test two weeks later. Results The average time spent by the rats of TPM group was longer than that by other groups in each test (P

[Objective]To observe the therapeutic efficacy of low temperature deposited allogenic skin for cutting of the compartment syndrome.[Method]sixty-eight patients suffering from the fracture of limb or electrical injuries and complicated compartment syndrome were elected.The patients were divided into experimental group and control group.Low temperature deposited allogenic skin was used for the cutting of the open decompression in the experimental group.Petrolatum gauze was used in the control group.The analgesic effect,dressing times,local effusion and wound ihealing time were observed after operation.[Result]The pain value,dressing times and local exudation in the experimental group had a significant decrease when compared with the control group(P