Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of liver metastases of neuroendocrine tumors (NET) and its treatment outcome,so as to further cognition of NET.Methods The clinical data of patients with liver metastases of NET diagnosed by Peking Union Medical College Hospital during January 1996 to July 2010 were analyzed retrospectively.Results The ratio of male to female was 1∶1.15 (20∶ 23).The median age at onset of the patients with liver metastases of NET was 47.5 (26-70) years.The median duration from onset to diagnosis was 4 (0-120) months.The liver metastases were the first manifestation in 69.8％ (30/43) cases.The detection rate of primary lesions with routine abdominal imaging (B-type ultrasonography,CT,MRI) was 65.1％ (28/43),while increased to 90.7％ (39/43) when combined the following one or more special examinations including somatostatin receptor scintigraphy ( SRS),PET-CT,endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) (P =0.004).The definite diagnosis methods mainly depended on surgical specimens (69.8％,30/43).The ratio of nonfunctional to functional NET with liver metastases was 1.87∶1(28∶ 15).The primary tumors were most commonly located in pancreas [39.3％ (11/28) and 73.3％( 11/15 ) ],followed by stomach [ 21.4％ (6/28) and 13.3％ ( 2/15 ) ].Totally 88.4％ ( 38/43 ) patients received operation,and 9.3％ (4/43) patients had reoperation due to missed diagnosis of the primary tumors on earlier operation.Non-surgical treatments included octreotide acetate long-acting release,interventional therapy,chemotherapy and radiotherapy,which were difficult to be evaluated due to less follow-uped cases.Conclusions Liver metastases of NET are common and even the first manifestated symptom.Primary NET with liver metastases is the most commonly nonfunctional and located in digestive system.The detection rates of primary lesions are increased by special examinations including SRS,PET-CT and EUS. Surgical specimens are helpful to the final diagnosis,but it is necessary to improve the preoperative diagnostic rate of primary tumors to avoid repeat surgeries.

OBJECTIVE:A method was established for determining the content of estriol in estriol suppositories.METHO_ DS:Using three wavelength spectrophotometry.RESULTS:The detecting wavelengths were296nm,281nm and276nm;the average recovery rate of estriol was99.2%(RSD=0.5,n=6).CONCLUSION:The method is accurate,quick and suitable for detecting estriol in intermediate material of estriol suppositories.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the current situation and developing trend of drugs used in hospitals of Chengdu.METHODS:The data of drugs purchased by 16 hospitals in Chengdu in the years 1997～2000 was collected and analysed.RESULTS:The drug expenses increased faster in years 1998～1999 and the drug expense in 2000 was 3 times as much as that in 1997.The proportion of sum of money spent on anti-infectives was decreasing year by year,which equaled that in developed cities of east China.CONCLUSION:The sum of money of drugs consumed will increase year by year,however,the growth rate may decrease.The proportion of consumption of imported drugs will continuously decrease.

OBJECTIVE:To study the in vitro sensitivity of lung cancer tissue to commonly-used antineoplas?tics.METHODS:The sensitivity of45fresh samples of human lung cancer to15commonly-used antineoplastics was deter?mined by MTT method.RESULTS:Lung cancer was more sensitive to CBP,VM26,THP,DDP,BLM,MTX and HCPT.However,there was individual difference in sensitivity to the same drug.CONCLUSION:The sensitivity assay of chemotherapeutic agents could provide important information for selection of the agents and MTT assay is a rapid and simple method for detecting the sensitivity of antineoplastics.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the ADRs caused by Chinese prepared medicines.METHODS:638ADRs were col?lected from medical journals of2001～2002in consideration of sex,age,administration route,the time of the occurrence and clinical manifestations.RESULTS:There were638ADR cases involving76kinds of Chinese prepared medicines reported in256articles.Of them,shuanghuanglian injection was the most common preparation(87cases).The commonest clinical manifesta?tions were allergic reactions(157cases),followed with the liver and kidney injury.The ages of patients were mostly above60years,the time of the occurrence was mostly within30minutes after administration and about92%of the patients recovered within24hours.CONCLUSION:The occurrence of ADRs of Chinese prepared medicines is related to the route of administra?tion,dosage form of drug,quality of drug,patient’s age and constitution.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the current situation and the trend of drug consumption in Chengdu.METHODS:Data of drug consumption of16hospitals in Chengdu area during2001～2003were analyzed.RESULTS:The consumption of drugs in2002and2003increased by19.56%and27.19%respectively;ratio for the sales amount of the imported drugs,the joint-venture made drugs and the domestic drugs tended to be stable;there was a big change in the rank order of sales amount from the No.2～No.8among the14big chief drug categories;there was a big change in drug kinds and sequence among the top15drugs in sales sum;the top10pharmacy manufacturers varied with the variation of their competitiveness.CONCLU-SION:The current situation of drug consumption in Chengdu area is good and the hospital drug consumption will become more and more reasonable with the deepening of reformation of the medical treatment system.

AIM: To study the pharmacokinetic characteristics of domestic ofloxacin tablet. METHODS: A method of deter- mination of drug concentration in urine by UV-spectrophotometry was established. RESULTS: K = 0. 1 278/h; T1, 2 = 5. 96h, Xu0-24 = 165. 84mg; (Q) = 82. 84%. CONCLUSION: This method is simple and rapid, it is suitable for pharmacokinetics study and clinical monitoring.

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) ,vitamin D receptor (VDR ) ,beta-defensin 1 (DEFB1 ) ,Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4 ) gene polymorphismand Crohn′s disease (CD) in Chinese Han population .MethodsFrom January 2007 to May 2011 ,thedata and serum samples of 158 CD patients and 246 healthy controls were collected .The genotype of 14tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of IRF5 ,VDR ,DEFB1 and TLR4 were detected .Chi-squaretest was performed for rate comparison between CD group and healthy control group . Multifactordimensionality reduction (MDR) was used to analyze the combined effects of above candidate genes and therelation with susceptibility of CD .ResultsAccording to allele or genotype correlation analysis ,there wasno correlation between IRF5 ,VDR ,DEFB1 ,TLR4 and susceptibility of CD (all P> 0 .05) .The resultsof haplotype correlation analysis indicated that the frequency of GTACC haplotype in IRF5 of CD groupand healthy control group was 0 .046 and 0 .089 ,respectively ,the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 5 .223 ,P= 0 .022 3) .The results of genotype and clinical type analysis indicated that the genotypesof rs2978880 of DEFB1 in CD patients were C/C ,C/T ,T/T ,the frequency of patients with surgery was0 .235 ,0 .603 and 0 .162 ,respectively ,and the frequency of patients without surgery was 0 .482 ,0 .388and 0 .129 ,respectively .The risk of intestinal surgery in patients with C /C genotype was lower (χ2 =10 .065 ,P= 0 .006 ) .The results of MDR analysis indicated that no interactions were detected betweenabove genes and susceptibility of CD (all P > 0 .05) .ConclusionsThe GTACC haplotype in IRF5 wascorrelated with the susceptibility of CD ,and the C/C genotype of rs2978880 of DEFB1 was correlatedwith CD clinical phenotype in Chinese Han population .

Objective To verify and monitor the performance of accuracy, precision and comparability of 26 clinical biochemical analytes (29 methods) in the six centers involved in multi-centers reference intervals research, and to ensure the reliability of theirmeasurement results.Methods During the period of the systems evaluating, two levels of commercial quality control materials and fresh frozen human serum reference materials were applied to verify the performance of inter-laboratory precision and accuracy of analysis systems. During the period of samples testing, the commercial quality control materials were measured whenever samples were analysed, the fresh frozen serum reference materials were measured once a month.The coefficient of variations (CVs), bias and total errors were calculated to assess the precision, accuracy and comparability.Results Verification of precision and accuracy: ( 1 ) the ranges of CVs of 29 methods in the six laboratory laboratories were 0.4%-6.0%, the CVs of all 29 methods met the criterion . (2) The overall average bias of the analysis systems of 21 analytes (24 methods) ranged from -5.15%( ALT) to 4.46% ( Ur ) .Among 24 methods the overall average bias of TP, Glu-GOD, Ur, Cl, Ca exceeded the acceptable range.The quality assessment during the period of samples testing:(1) The overall average bias ranged from -1.95%(Ca) to 2.92%(Ur), median 1.26%, they all met the requirements of relevant standards.( 2 ) When commercial control materials were tested, the requirements of CVs were fulfilled for most methods in the six laboratories,and the CVs of TP, Alb, Cl, Ca exceeded the acceptable range.The overall average TE of all methods met the quality specification for the C-N controls material.For the C-P control material, only the overall average TE of TP (5.05%) exceeded thearceptable range while the other methods met the requirement in criterion.Conclusions The performance of precision and accuracy of the analysis systems used in the six laboratories passed the verification.During the period of sample testing, the performance of precision and accuracy of the most methods in the 6 laboratories met the requirements of quality specifications, and the overall performance was good.Because of the limitation of current technology the performance of some methods didn't fulfill the requirement of specifications, and need to be improved.