Objective To research the degree of sensory disturbance(about algaesthesis and thermesthesia) in patients with cerebral infarction(CI),diabetes mellitus(DM) and CI combined DM(CD).Methods The threshold values of rhigosis,heat sensation,cryalgesia and thermalgesia were detected by quantitative sensory testing(QST) in the patients with CI(CI group),DM(DM group),CD(CD group).Each group had 30 cases.The results were compared with normal control group(NC group).Results Compared with NC group,acral thermic sense and cryalgesia in CI group and CD group were declined obviously(all P

BACKGROUND:Lumbar disc herniation is the most common cause of lumbago in clinic, which seriously affect the patient's daily life, study and work. Therefore, studies on biomechanics of lumbar intervertebral disk benefit to prevent and treat the diseases associated with lumbar intervertebral disk. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the biomechanical progress of lumbar intervertebral disk. METHODS: The first author retrieved China National Knowledge Infrastructure and PubMed database for literatures published from 2009 to 2014. The key words were intervertebral disc, nucleus pulposus, biomechanics, fibrosis annulus, cartilage in Chinese and English, respectively. Articles regarding biomechanical characteristics of lumbar intervertebral disk, nucleus pulposus, fibrosis annulus and cartilage were included, and repetitive studies were excluded. Totaly 5 072 articles were retrieved initialy. In accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria, 41 articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:We can fuly understand the pathogenesis, development and adverse consequences of diseases related to the lumbar intervertebral disk by summarizing the structural features and internal pressure of lumbar intervertebral disk and the effect of different loads, biomechanical characteristics of lumbar intervertebral disk with degenerative changes and establishment of mechanical model of lumbar intervertebral disk. It is of directive significance for daily health care of the lumbar intervertebral disk and how to better use force, a physical factor, to solve the lumbar intervertebral disk problems.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of Wenyang Chubi Decoction (WYCBD), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and collagen-I (COL-I) in a mouse model of scleroderma. METHODS: Scleroderma was induced in BALB/c mice by daily local injection of bleomycin for three weeks and the mice were randomly divided into untreated, WYCBD-treated and normal saline (NS) treated groups, with another group of BALB/c mice as normal control. WYCBD and NS were given orally for one month respectively. Histopathology in the skin and lungs of the mice were examined. The CTGF and COL-I expressions in the skin or skin lesions were detected by immunohistochemical Elivision assay. RESULTS: The expression levels of CTGF and COL-I in the untreated group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group (P<0.05). Compared with the NS-treated group, the WYCBD-treated group had significant improvement in the skin and lung histopathology and remarkably decreased expression levels of CTGF and COL-I (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Scleroderma mice showed high expressions of CTGF and COL-I in the skin. WYCBD had the effects of decreasing the CTGF and COL-I expressions and improving the skin fibrosis.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the development and improvement of pharmaceutical care in our hospital. METHODS:By questionnaire investigation,habits and understarding situation and demand of knowledge of drug use among pa-tients in our hospital were randomly collected by face-to-face interview or network platform. A statistical analysis was carried out on obtained results. RESULTS:In this questionnaire investigation,289 questionnaires were sent out face-to-face,and 282 valid ques-tionnaires were returned with effective feedback rate of 97.58%. Totally 51 valid questionnaires were returned through network plat-form. A total of 333 valid questionnaires were returned through two ways. The results of questionnaire investigation showed that 44.14% of the surveyed patients would read the drug instructions before taking drugs;41.14% of the surveyed patients would pay more attention to ADR and cautions stated in drug instructions. More than 60% of the surveyed patients had various bad habits of drug use. When getting better,66.07% of the surveyed patients would stop using drugs or reduce the dosage. When having not im-proved,26.73% of them would change drugs or increase dosage.Consulting with the medical staff was the most common source(69.07%)of drug use knowledge,and it was also the most trusted source(84.08%). Among the knowledge of drug use, surveyed patients most expected to understand theADR and side effects(65.46%),and the selectionindication and main us-er,cautions,drug interaction in multiple useandusage and dosagewere also selected frequently,and the choices of some options were significantly affected by the characteristics of people,such as age and education degree(P<0.05). The most expected way to acquire drug use knowledge wasface-to-face consultation with medical staff (72.97%),followed bytelephone consulta-tionandnetwork consultation,and the choices of some options were significantly affected by the characteristics of people,such as age and education (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Patients in our hospital haven't pay enough attention to drug instructions and their content,and bad habits of drug use still exist. Sources of drug use knowledge are diverse,but confidence of other sources is not enough except for source of medical staff. The demands for the knowledge of drug use are different,however,the present form and content of pharmaceutical care in our hospital cannot fully meet the needs of patients.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of azithromycin sequential therapy combined with terbutaline in the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia. METHODS:130 children with mycoplasma pneumonia were randomly divided into control group and observation group. Control group was given azithromycin sequential therapy by using 10 mg/kg Azithromycin dispersible tablet by intravenous infusion,once a day,for continuous 3-5 d,then rested for 4 d,and then given 10 mg/kg Azithromycin dis-persible tablet at a draught,once a day,for continuous 3 d,then rested for 4 d;observation group was additionally given 2.5 mg Terbutaline injection adding into 5 ml sodium chloride injection by inhalation via oxygen atomization,twice a day,10-15 min ev-ery times,and then the children were fed with warm boiled waterafter atomization. The treatment course for both groups was 4 weeks. Clinical efficacy,and changes of cytokines levels [tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6 (IL-6),IL-8],disap-peared time of related symptoms and signs (wheezing,rales,coughing,fever),hospitalization time before and after treatment, and incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were observed. RESULTS:After treatment,the effective rate in observation group was significantly higher than control group,levels of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly lower than control group,disap-peared time of related symptoms and signs and hospitalization time were significantly shorter than control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between 2 groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Azithromycin sequential therapy combined with terbutalineaerosol therapycan effectively improve the cytokines levels and clinical efficacy,with good safety.

BACKGROUND: Autogenous bone has been used in cervical vertebra graft bone fusion in earliest stage and at most. However, its source is limited, simultaneously, induced many complications such as infection, hemorrhage and postoperative pain in the donor bone region. Recently, above-mentioned complications were avoided or reduced with the usage of new graft bone fusion material. OBJECTIVE: To compare clinical efficacy using MC+~R combination of autogenous bone or calcium sulfate artificial bone in antador cervical fusion.METHODS: A total of 26 patients (34 levels) with cervical spondylotic myelopathy underwent anterior cervical discectomy and cervical intervertebral fusion from January to December 2008. Anterior cervical oblique cut was 3.0-4.0 cm. The endplate were preserved after the cervical intervertebral disc and the posterior longitudinal ligament were removed. Autogenous bone group was filled with autogenous bone. Calcium sulfate artificial bone group was filled with Wdght's Osteoset artificial bone. Anchoring clip was implanted between the cervical vertebrae. Every patient had a short neck incision was assessed with X-ray, JOA grade and Odom's evaluation scale.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The two groups of 26 patients (34 segments)were followed up. The JOA score of postoperation was no significant difference between the two groups. According to the Odom's evaluation scale, the excellent and good rate of calcium sulfate group was higher than autogenous bone group, but there was not statistical significance (P>0.05). The fusion rate of autogenous bone group was higher than calcium sulfate group at 3 and 6 months, but the fusion rate of two groups were 100% at 12 months. Although the calcium sulfate group at 6 months, lordosis angle lost more than 0.4°than the autogenous bone group,but no significant statistically between the two groups (P>0.05). MC+ combination of autogenous bone or Calcium sulfate had the same clinical efficacy in the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy, but the calcium sulfate artificial bone could be effectively avoided the complications of donor site.

ObjectiveTo investigate the features of normal and psoriasis skin on ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and explore the method of thickness measurement.MethodsUsing 50 MHz ultrasound probe of biological microscope, ultrasonographic observation and ultrasonic thickness measurement were conducted in 90 normal adults and 40 psoriasis patients. Innormal patients, ultrasound evaluations were performed at 10 different parts of the body skin.ResultsOn sonogram, the normal skin showed a “sandwich” structure with two parallel hyperechoic bands and the middle isoechoic dots and short liens. The sonograms of the psoriasis skin showed obviously thickened epidermis and dermis, disordered internal structure and clear boundary from adjacent normal skin. The range of the epidermis’ thickness measurement was between the medial forearm (0.12±0.03) mm and the palm (0.29±0.15) mm. The range of dermal thickness measurement was between the back hand (1.18±0.32) mm and parasternal (1.55±0.21) mm. Psoriasis skin was thicker than the uninvolved skin (P<0.001). And the dermis’ thickness of uninvolved skin in psoriasis patients was thicker than that of the normal adults (P<0.001).ConclusionNormal adult’s epidermis, dermis and skin appendages can be shown clearly using 50 MHz ultrasound biomicroscopy. And ultrasound biomicroscopy canaccurately measure the thickness of dermis and epidermis, which provides the basis for the diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis.

Objective To evaluate the value of virtual touch quantization (VTQ) imaging in diagnosis of IgA nephropathy. Methods The clinical data of 85 patients with IgA nephropathy were analyzed, who were treated in Capital Medical University Affiliate Beijing Chaoyang Hospital from December 2013 to July 2014. The patients who was with critical condition, unable to cooperate and with other pathological types were excluded. Finally 108 kidneys of IgA nephropathy with mesangial cell hyperplasia in 54 cases were included into the study. Meanwhile 108 kidneys in 54 volunteers who took the health physical examination in our hospital were taken as healthy controls. VTQ was performed in middle part of kidney and the measurements of shear wave velocity (SWV) was recorded. The mean SWV of renal parenchyma and collecting system was compared in different groups. Results The mean SWV measurement of renal parenchyma and collecting system in control group were (2.13±0.13) m/s, (1.15±0.02) m/s;the results in IgA nephropathy group were (3.07±0.62) m/s, (1.12±0.29) m/s. The mean SWV of renal collecting system was lower than that of renal parenchyma (t=-14.481, P<0.001). The mean SWV of renal parenchyma and collecting system in IgA Nephropathy group was higher than that in control group (t=-54.01, P<0.001). The renal parenchyma VTQ value positively correlated with the degree of renal insufficiency for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) (F=798.70, P<0.001). The interlobular arterial resistance index (RI) increased gradually with CKD stage, but no statistical differences were found. Conclusion In terms of early diagnosis and clinical staging, VTQ technology has some diagnostic value in evaluation of renal parenchymal damage for patients with IgA nephropathy.

Objective To evaluate the common traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types, therapies and formulas of the wind of four fossae. This will provide reference for the formulation of the guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine in the wind of four fossae. Methods Delphi method using questionnaires were developed based on literature about TCM syndromes and treatment of the wind of four fossae. The questionnaire were sent to 25 experts nationwide for 2 rounds. The database of the collected data was established. The mean, full score ratio, rank sum and coefficient of variation were described and by SAS 6.12 statistical software. Results A total of 21 valid questionnaires were recovered in the first round and 23 valid questionnaires in the second round. The active coefficient of the experts was 84% and 92%, respectively. The results showed that syndromes of newborn heat, damp heat retention, spleen deficiency and blood dryness, wind dampness accumulating skin, blood deficiency and wind dryness demonstrated high concensus. The consistency scores' mean of 5 syndromes were 1.67, 1.90, 1.83, 1.71 and 1.90. The sum of degrees of 5 syndromes were 37, 40, 42, 36 and 40. The ratio of full scores of 5 syndromes were 0.81, 0.90, 0.87, 0.71 and 0.90. The coefficient of variations of 5 syndromes were 0.32, 0.16, 0.27, 0.27 and 0.16. The therapy of syndrome of newborn heat was clearing away the heart-fire and inducing diuresis by the sanxin daochi decoction; The therapy of syndrome of damp heat retention was clearing heat and removing dampness by longdan xiegan decoction; The therapy of syndrome of wind dampness accumulating skin was dispelling wind and eliminating dampness by xiaofeng san; The therapy of syndrome of spleen deficiency and blood dryness was enriching blood and moistening dryness by danggui decoction; The therapy of syndrome of blood deficiency and wind dryness was replenishing qi to invigorate the spleen and enriching blood to calm endogenous wind by shenling baizhu power and danggui decoction. Conclusion Questionnaire survey could quantify the opinions of experts, and provide reference for the establishment of guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine in the wind of four fossae.

Objective To study the stability of Alprostadil Injection,and provide theoretical basis for its production,packaging,storage,and transportation conditions.Methods The contents of PGE1 and A1 in Alprostadil Injection were determined by HPLC method through strengthen test,accelerated test,and longterm test.The stability of Alprostadil Injection was investigated.Results Linearity,precision,stability,and recovery rate of E1 and A1 met the requirements;Placed for 10 d under high light and high temperature conditions,the color was obviously deepened,the pH value was almost unchanged,the content decreased significantly and degradation of related substances increased significantly;At 25 ℃ and after 6 months of acceleration test,the PH value decreased slightly and the content changed obviously.Three batches of samples were stored at 4℃ and long-term tested after 12 months,its appearance traits,related substances,and content of the indicators were in line with the relevant requirements.Conclusion Alprostadil Injection is unstable to light and heat,easy degradation,this product should be stored in dark and cold conditions,with the validity for one year.