OBJECTIVE To investigate the relatedness between chronic hepatitis C patients in southern Anhui Province, and the serum ALT levels, the quantity of HCV RNA and the HCV genotypes. METHODS The rate method and fluorescence quantitative PCR method were used to detect serum levels of ALT and HCV RNA in 141 cases of chronic hepatitis C patients in southern Anhui Province. Reverse transcript PCR was used to genotype in 50 cases of specimens. RESULTS Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to analyze correlation between serum ALT levels and the quantity of HCV RNA, rs=0.213, P=0.011

Objective To investigate the effect of GnRH-A in gastric cavity on the function of somatostatin cells in the digestive tract of rats. Methods The immunohistochemical ABC method and enzyme-link immunoassay were used in the experiment. Results The densities of the somatostatin positive cells in the stomach and duodenum of the experiment groups were 26^6?3^893 and 51^7?2^214 respectively,and significantly lower than those in stomach 48^3?6^019 and duodenum 58^5?4^454 of control groups respectively(P

Objective To study the reasons and prophylaxes of conversion to laparotomy during gy-necological laparoscopic surgery. Method Clinical records of 36 cases of conversion to laparotomy out of 1143 cases of gynecological laparescopic surgery were analyzed retrospectively. Results The rate of conver-sion to laparotomy was 3.15%. The reasons of conversion to laparotomy were abdominopelvic cavity adhesion in 23 cases, technical difficulty and complication in 8 cases, malignant tumor in 3 cases, accounting for 63.89%, 22.22%, 8.33%, respectively. The rate of conversion to hparotomy in patients with a history of laparotomy was significantly higher than that without a history of laparotomy. The rate of conversion to laparoto-my in early stage of developing laparoscopic surgery was significantly higher than that in other stages. Con-clusions Abdominopelvic cavity adhesion is the primary reason of conversion to laparotomy during gyneco-logical laparoscopic surgery. Careful evaluation before surgery and improving ability of performance can de-crease the rate of conversion to laparotomy.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the clinical efficacy and safety of sirolimus(SRL)versus tacrolimus(Tac) for anti-rejection after renal transplantation,and provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from PubMed,EMBase,Medline,Science Direct,Cochrane library,CJFD,VIP and Wanfang Database,randomized controlled tri-als(RCT)about SRL(test group)versus Tac(control group)for anti-rejection after renal transplantation were collected. Meta-anal-ysis was performed by using RevMan 5.2 software after data extraction and quality evaluation. RESULTS:Totally 5 RCTs were in-cluded,involving 594 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed,there was no significant difference in the incidence of acute rejec-tions [RR=1.26,95%CI(0.82,1.93),P=0.30],graft loss rate [RR=0.91,95%CI(0.32,2.55),P=0.85] and mortality rate [RR=0.87,95%CI(0.34,2.22),P=0.77] in 2 groups;while the infection rate in test group was significantly lower than control group, the difference was statistically significant [RR=0.13,95%CI(0.04,0.40),P<0.001]. CONCLUSIONS:Compared with Tac,SRL has the same anti-rejection effect after renal transplantation,not changed graft loss rate and mortality rate,but reduced the infection rate with higher safety.

[Objective]To assess the early diagnosis and treatment and outcome of patients with crush syndrome in earthquake disaster.[Method]We conducted a retrospective analysis of 27 patients with crush syndrome and subsequent acute renal failure (ARF) and wound complication who were treated in our university hospital.All of patients had been extricated from buildings that collapsed in the Wenchuan earthquake.Crush injury involved the upper extremities and low extremities.Each patient received intravenous fluids and diuretic drugs.Twenty-one patients received hemodialysis.Emergency fasciotomy performed in 11 patients and amputation were performed in 16 patients,4 to 102 hours after extrication.[Result]No patient died.Twenty-one patients among the ARF patients were retracted from hemodialysis.Among the patients who were performed fasciotomy or amputation,13 patients had wound complication including infection,however,the wounds in 10 patients were healed by dressing change,debridement and coordinate treatment with ICU and related subjectives.[Conclusion]Crush syndrome requires urgent recognition and prompt surgical treatment with simultaneous measures to control hyperkalemia and ARF.Wound healing is a difficult task for the crush syndrome patients.The authors believe that immediate intensive care therapy and multisubjective coordination would improve the survival rate.

Objective To investigate the effect of cigarette smoke exposure on the interleukin-17-producing CD4+T helper lymphocyte( Th17 ) in peripheral blood and lungs of cigarette smoke-induced emphysema mice. MethodsForty male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, including a control group C12, a control group C24, a smoke-exposure group S12 and a smoke-exposure group S24, 10 mice each group. Morphological changes were evaluated by mean linear intercepts (Lm) and destructive index (DI). The concentration of IL-17, IFN-γ and TNF-α in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) and the concentration of IFN-γ and TNF-α in lung homogenates were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The proportion of CD4+IL-17+ Th17 cells in peripheral blood and lungs of mice was determined by flow cytometry. The mRNA expressions of RORγt and IL-17 in peripheral blood and lungs were evaluated by real-time PCR. ResultsLm and DI were significantly higher in S12 and S24 groups [(39.19±3.51)μm vs (46.87±7.16) μm, 39.13±1.57 vs 45.16±3.13]than that in C12 and C24 groups [(32.60± 3.21 ) μm vs (32.38±3.73) μm, 28.23± 1.62 vs 28.86±2.07], all P＜0.05. IL-17, IFN-γand TNF-α in BALF of S12 and S24 groups [(119.72±10.72) ng/L vs (296.40±14.00) ng/L,(129.7±22.2) ng/L vs(251. 1±62.4) ng/L, (17.35±1.60) ng/L, (36.35±1.43) ng/L]were higher than those in C12 and C24 groups [(52.06±4.70) ng/L vs (51.89 ±6.82) ng/L, ( 85.8 ±26.8) ng/L vs ( 88.9 ± 11.5 ) ng/L,(6.41 ±0.90) ng/L vs (5.85±0.92) ng/L], IFN-γ and TNF-α in lungs of S12 and S24 groups [( 1124.3±174.4) ng/L vs (1342.7±206.1) ng/L, (77.2±13.7) ng/L vs (101.7±19.0) ng/L, (129.7±22.2)ng/L vs (251.1 ±62.4) ng/L]were higher than those in C12 and C24 groups[(946.2±81.9) ng/L vs (1027.2±188.3) ng/L, (62.1±16.1) ng/L vs(64.4±15. 1) ng/L], all P＜0.05. The percentage of Th17 cells in lungs of S12 and S24 groups [(3.27±1.12)％ vs (7.19±2.24)％, ( 1.96±0.61 )％ vs (3.82±1.26)％]was significantly increased as compared with that of C12 and C24 groups [(1.80± 0.75)％ vs (1.99±0.59)％], all P＜0.05. And the percentage of Th17 cells in peripheral blood of S12 and S24 groups [(1.96±0.61)％ vs ( 3.82± 1.26)％]was also significantly higher than those in C12 and C24 groups [(0.90±0.37)％ vs (0.97±0.32)％], all P＜0.05. In peripheral blood and lungs,the mRNA levels of RORγt and IL-17 in S12 and S24 groups were higher than in C12 and C24 groups, all P＜0.05.Moreover, the frequency of Th17 cells in peripheral blood and lungs had a positive correlation with Lm and DI( r=0.706-0.772 ,all P＜0.05 ). ConclusionAn up-regulation of proportions Th17 in peripheral blood and lungs of cigarette smoke-inducsed emphysema mice were detected. It may be involved in the amplified and persistent inflammation.

Objective To investigate the effect of GnRH-A in gastric cavity on function of gastrin clls in digestive tract of rats. Methods The immunohistochemical ABC method and enzyme-link immunoassay were used in the experiment. Results The densities of the gastrin immunoreactivity cells in the stomach and small instestin of the experiment groups were 19.60?3.63 and 18.00?2.31 respectively, those in stomach was 10.30?2.41 while in small intestin was 9.00?2.05 of control groups respectively (P

Objective To study the effect of GnRH on the secretion of 5-HT in the stomach. Methods The GnRH-A Alarelin was directly injected into the stomach of rats to observe the change of density of 5-HT immunoreactive positive cell in the stomach and small intestine by immunohistochemical SABC method and 5-HT level in the circulating blood by HPLC-ECD, Results Compared with the control group,which was injected with saline into the stomach,the density of immunoreactive positive cell was significantly increased in the stomach and small intestine in the GnRH-A treatment group;while 5-HT level in the circulating blood was significantly reduced in the experimental group.Conclusion GnRH can inhibit the releasing of 5-HT but not change its synthesis.

BACKGROUND:Calcitonin gene-related peptide has been confirmed to induce osteogenic differentiation, but whether it can induce the osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells under three-dimensional culture to construct tissue-engineered bone is rarely reported.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the feasibility of exogenous calcitonin gene-related peptide to induce osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells combined with calcium alginate gel in three-dimensional condition.
METHODS:Adipose-derived stem cells were gained by col agenase I digestion of the subcutaneous adipose tissue of both inguinal regions of New Zealand rabbits. Passage 3 cells were mixed with sodium alginate to prepare calcium alginate gel, and then the cells were assigned into two groups and cultured in 24-wel plates. Adipose-derived stem cells in the control group were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium/Ham’s nutrient mixture F-12 supplemented with 10-2 mol/Lβ-glycerophosphate sodium, 10-7 mol/L dexamethasone, 50 mg/L ascorbic acid, 10%fetal bovine serum. While, adipose-derived stem cells in the experimental group were incubated with the same medium as above, but 1.5 μg/L calcitonin gene-related peptide was added. The cells proliferation and the mRNA expressions of col agen I and osteocalcin were detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and reverse transcription-PCR respectively, and alkaline phosphatase and calcium concentration were detected at different induction time.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The cellproliferation curves were S shaped. The absorbance values of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group at1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21 days after osteogenic induction (P<0.05). Alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red staining of adipose-derived stem cells was al positive, but golden round nodes became more and bigger in the experimental group compared with the control group after 2 weeks. At 7 and 14 days, col agen I and osteocalcin mRNA expressions were higher in the experimental group than in the control group. Alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium concentration of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group at 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks after osteogenic induction (P<0.05). Results showed that the calcitonin gene-related peptide can induce the osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells combined with calcium alginate gel.

Objective To evaluate the expression of Tc17 in a cigarette smoke-induced mice model of emphysema.To explore the probable mechanisms about how Tc17 cells to elevate in lungs of mice.Methods Forty male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into four groups,including control group ( 12 weeks,C12),control group (24 weeks,C24),smoke-exposure group (12 weeks,S12) and smoke-exposure group (24 weeks,S24 ),10 mice each group,Emphysema of mice was observed by HE pigmentation.Morphological changes were evaluated by mean linear intercepts (Lm) and destructive index (DI).The proportion of CD8+ IL-17 + Tc17,CD8+ IL-17 + CC chemokine receptor type 6 ( CCR6 ) + and 6CCR6 + Tc17 cells in lungs of mice was determined by flow cytometry.The mRNA expressions of retinoidrelated orphan nuclear receptor(RORγt) and IL-17 were evaluated by real-time PCR.The levels of IL-1 β,IL-6,IL-23,transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and CC chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) were tested by ELISA.Correlations among these indexes were analyzed.Results Lm and DI were significantly higher in S12 and S24 than in C12 and C24,S24 in particular (t value 4.378-15.188,all P ＜ 0.05).The percentages of Tc17 in S12 and S24[(9.28 ± 1.12)%,( 13.13 ±3.56)%]was significantly increased as compared with that in C12 and C24[(2.40 ±0.60 )%,(2.64 ±0.96 )%],S24 in particular.The mRNA levels of RORγt and IL-17 in S12 and S24 were higher than in C12 and C24,S12 and S24 in particular.There was significant difference (all P ＜0.05 ).The frequency of Tc17 cells had a positive correlation with Lm and DI ( r value were 0.734 and 0.884 respectively,P ＜ 0.01 ).The percentages of CD8+ IL-17 + CCR6 +T cells and CCR6 + Tc17 were significantly elevated in S12 and S24 compared to C12 and C24,S24 in particular (all P ＜ 0.05 ).There was positive correlation between Tc17 cell ratio and CCL20 levels( r =0.899,P ＜0.01 ).The levels of IL-1 β,IL-6,IL-23 and TGFβ in S12 and S24 were significantly increased as compared with that in C12 and C24.There was significant difference (all P ＜0.05).Meanwhile,the frequency of Tc17 cells had a positive correlation with IL-1β,IL-6,IL-23,and TGFβ.Conclusions An up-regulation of proportions Tc17 in lungs of cigarette smoke-induced emphysema mice were detected.The CCR6/CCL20 axis and the increased IL-1β,IL-6,IL-23 and TGFβ probably contributed to this up-regulation.