AIM: To explore the mechanism of nicotine against the apoptosis induced by colchicines in rat cortical neurons.METHODS: Cortical neurons were cultured from newborn Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats(less than 12 h).The rate of apoptosis was measured by Hoechst33258 fluorescence staining in the neurons,and the activity of Akt473 was analyzed by assay kit Akt473.RESULTS: The apoptosis of cortical neurons can be induced by 0.1 ?mol/L colchicine.The phosphorlation of Akt 473 decreased significantly(1/3 times of the control group,P

Aim To study the effect of chromomycin on MPP~+-induced dopaminergic neuronal apoptosis.Methods An apoptosis model induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpridnium ion(MPP~+)was established in cultured fetal mesencephalic neurons in vitro.Dopaminergic neuronal apoptosis was detected by Hoechst 33258 staining and phospho-Tau levels were detected by immunofluorescence.Results 10 μmol·L~(-1) MPP~+ hyperphosphorylated Tau at Ser396 and induced dopaminergic neuronal apoptosis.Chromomycin increased the number of TH-positive cells via inhibiting Tau phosphorylation.Conclusion These results indicate thatchromomycin inhibits Tau phosphorylation at Ser396 and therefore protects dopaminergic mesencephalic neurons from apoptosis induced by MPP+,which suggests that Chromomycin may be used to cure neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease in clinic.

Objective To analyze the surgical treatment of hemangioma of limbs complicated by Kasabach-Mcrritt phenomenon in children.Methods A retrospective study was carried out on 31 children with hemangioma of limbs complicated by Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon.Lower limbs were affected in 19 patients,and upper limbs in 12 patients.Twenty-six patients showed decreased platelet count ((2.6-60) × 109/L) and fibrinogen level (＜ 1 g/L),and 21 prolonged partial prothrombin time (＞ 50 seconds).All the patients who had responded poorly to medications including glucocorticoids received surgical treatment.Results Of these patients,30 were cured,and one died of massive blood loss.After surgical treatment,the platelet count returned to normal in 1-3 days in 25 patients,3-7 days in 4 patients,and more than 10 days in one patient.Conclusions For pediatric hemangiomas of limbs complicated by Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon,surgical treatment should be given as early as possible so as to reduce mortality in patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of preventive analgesia in patients with radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.Methods The clinical data of 161 patients undergoing radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer at the Xijing Hospital from July 2012 to June 2013 were prospectively analyzed.A single-blind,randomized,controlled study was performed in the eligibe patients who were randomly divided into the preventive analgesia group and the control group based on a random number table.All the patients received major gastrectomy + Billroth Ⅱ anastomy or total gastrectomy + esophagojejunastomy,and then they received vein combined anesthesia and tracheal intubation.In the preventive analgesia group,10 mg dexamethasone and 200 mg parecoxib were administered by intravenous infusion before operation,7-8 mL ropivacaine (0.5％) were injected at the incisional site and transversus abdominis infiltration at open and close surgery and celecoxib was taken orally for 3 days.In the control group,vein analgesia pump was used after operation.The visual analogue scale (VAS),proportion of patients with postoperative out-off-bed activity time ＞ 8 hours,time of flatus,time of defecation and duration of hospital stay were recorded between the 2 groups.The measurement data with normal distribution were presented as x ± s.The comparison between groups was evaluated with the t test and repeated measures ANOVA.The data with skew distrubution and ordinal data were analyzed by the analysis of variance,and the count data were analyzed using the chi-square test.Results All the 161 patients who were screened for eligibility were randomly divided into the preventive analgesia group (87 patients) and the control group (74 patients).The scores of the VAS at postoperative day 1,2 and 3 were 2.8 ± 0.6,2.6 ± 0.4 and 1.8 ± 0.4 in the preventive analgesia group,and 5.3 ± 0.5,4.2 ± 0.6 and 2.4 ± 0.3 in the control group,with a significant difference between the 2 groups (F =4.25,P ＜ 0.05).The proportion of patients with postoperative first abmulation time ＞ 8 hours at postoperative day 1,2 and 3 were 8,17 and 20 in the preventive analgesia group,and 0,3 and 11 in the control group,with a significant difference between the 2 groups (x2 =7.60,10.26,3.16,P ＜ 0.05).The time of flatus,time of defecation and duration of hospital stay were (51 ± 24) hours,(61 ± 24) hours and (5.5 ± 3.0) days in the preventive analgesia group,compared with (71 ± 23) hours,(83 ± 30) hours and (6.3 ± 2.1) days in the control group,showing a significant difference between the 2 groups (t =5.32,5.04,0.17,P ＜ 0.05).All the patients in the 2 groups normally survived after surgery without respiratory depression,incision infection and adverse drug reaction.Conclusions Preventive analgesia in the perioperative treatment of patients with radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer could relieve the postoperative pain of patients,improve the bowel function and enhance the recovery of patients.Registry This study was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry with the registry number of ChiCTRTRC-11001440.

Objective To study the iodine nutritional status and thyroid function of adults in urban and rural areas of Wuwei City Gansu Province.Methods A cross-sectional survey was performed in 200 adults aged 18-45 who had lived more than six months in Wuwei City from April 2009 to January 2010.A random urine and fasting blood samples were collected.Urinary iodine content was measured with arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry.The thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH),free thyroid hormone (FT4) and three free triiodothyronine (FT3) were quantified by direct chemiluminescence immunoassay.Thyroglobulin antibodies (TGAb) and thyroid microsomal antibodies (TMAb) were detected by radioimmunoassay.Results A total of 99 and 98 copies of urine samples of urban and rural groups were tested,respectively.The median of urinary iodine of urban and rural groups was 189.0 and 258.2 μg/L,respectively,and rural group was higher than urban group (Z =-4.020,P ＜ 0.01).A total of 104 and 95 copies of blood samples of urban and rural groups were detected; mean value of FT4 in urban group [(16.8 ± 3.0)pmol/L] was higher than that of rural group [(15.4 ± 2.4)pmol/L,t =3.539,P ＜ 0.01].The positive rates of TGAb of urban and rural groups were 11.5％ (12/104) and 15.8％ (15/95),respectively; the positive rates of TMAb of urban and rural groups were 13.5％ (14/104) and 14.7％ (14/95),respectively; the positive rates of TGAb of male and female were 5.5％ (6/109) and 23.3％ (21/90),respectively; the positive rates of TMAb of male and female were 6.4％ (7/109) and 23.3％ (21/90),respectively.The positive rates of TGAb and TMAb were lower in male than in female (x2 =13.362,11.661,all P ＜ 0.01).The rates of thyroid function disorders of urban and rural groups were 16.3％ (17/104) and 8.4％ (8/95),of male and female 11.9％ (13/109) and 13.3％ (12/90),respectively.Subclinical hypothyroidism in all thyroid function disorders was the most common,which was 14.4％ (15/104) and 7.4％ (7/95) in urban and rural groups,11.0％ (12/109) and 11.1％ (10/90) in male and female,respectively.Conclusions Iodine nutrition level is appropriate for adults in urban areas,but in rural areas iodine nutrition is high or excessive; subclinical hypothyroidism in all thyroid function disorders is the most common; we should be concerned about the risk of iodine overdose,especially the risk of illness in women.

Aim To investigate radioprotective effects of platelet factor 4 (PF4) on hemopoiesis of mice after γ -ray irradiation and their mechanisms. Methods The mice were injected with PF4 twice at 6h intervals; and 20 h after the second injection they were given one irradiation of 7.5Gy 60Co γ -ray. 8d later the colony forming unit of granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM), colony forming of unit spleen (FU-S), number and DNA contents in bone marrow cells (BMCs) were examined by flow cytometry. Results 8d after irradiation, a significant difference was shown between DNA contents in BMCs and cell cycles of the PF4-injected mice and those of the irradiated mice (P∨ 0.01), whereas little difference was found between those of the irradiated mice and the controls (P∧ 0.05). Conclusion PF4 can obviously protect hemopoietic stem cells (HSCs) of mice from radiation injury and promote proliferation of HSCs after radiation.

Objective To discuss the value of diagnosing gastrointestinal dysfunction in.critically ill children.Methods Seventy-six critically ill patients were reviewed,48 cases combined with gastrointestinal dysfunction.Plasma D-lactate,intestinal fatty acid binding protein(IFABP)of serum and urine were performed in all patients,detected the sensitivity and specificity,ealculated the area under the ROC curve (AUC).Results Plasma D-Iactate level≥9.63 mg/L had a sensitivity of 85.2%,specificity of 70.9%,and AUC of 0.822 for diagnosing gastrointestinal dysfunction.Serum IFABP level≥0.129μg/L had a sensitivity of 65.2%,specificity of 63.8%,and AUC of 0.744 for diagnosing gastrointestinal dysfunction.Urine IFABP ≥0.330μg/Lhad a sensitivity of 78.3%,specificity of 72.3%,and AUC of 0.820 for diagnosing gastrointestinal dysfunction.There was no significant difference in AUC between plasma and urine IFABP(P＞0.05),there was no significant difference in AUC between serum D-lactate and serum IFABP(P＞0.05).Conclusions Plasma D-Lactgte,serum and urine WABP may be useful markers as warning gastrointestinal dysfunction of critically ill children.Plasma D-lactate and urine IFABP level may be more sensitively,but they need to be further studied.

Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of Wogonin on CD3AK cell proliferation and cytotoxicity to SMMC-7721.Methods:CD3AK cells were cultured from peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMC) in vitro by a variety of cytokines for 7 d,and treated with different concentrations of Wogonin for 48 h.CD3AK cells proliferation was measured by CCK-8 assay.SMMC-7721 cell growth was detected by MTT.The expression of perforin (PFP),granzyme B (GrB) and CD107a on CD3AK cells were measured by flow cytometry ( FCM).The cytotoxicity to SMMC-7721 cells was detected by LDH release assay.The expression of ERK1/2 on CD3AK cells was detected by Western blot.The mobility of SMMC-7721 cells was detected with transwell chambers.The merge of SMMC-7721 cells were measured with Wound healing assay.Results:Wogonin could significantly promote CD3AK cells proliferation, especially at 3.2 mg/L (23%higher than that of control group,P<0.05).The highest cytotoxicity to SMMC-7721 was also at the con-centration 3.2 mg/L (60.4%).The expression of PFP,GrB,CD107a were significantly higher than that of control group( P<0.05).The expression of ERK1/2 was obviously improved,especially at 12.5-0.8mg/L.After treated with Wogonin 50,12.5,3.2,0.8,0.2 mg/L for 48 h,the lowest transwell cell was at 12.5 mg/L and lowest merge rate was at 3.2 mg/L.Conclusion:Wogonin could promote CD3AK cell proliferation and enhance the cytotoxicity to SMMC-7721.Wogonin could also inhibit SMMC-7721 cell growth,migration and cell merge.The mechanism may be related to activated ERK1/2 and increase the expression of PFP,GrB,CD107a.

Objective To build a case database of endemic cretinism,investigate the distribution of existing cretinism,and provide suggestions for prevention of iodine deficiency disorders.Methods In 2011,an existing endemic cretinism case database was established in Gansu Province by verifying and registering the historical cases before 1985,and searching and diagnosing the cases between 1985-2011 in history cretinism areas and IDD high-risk areas according to endemic cretinism and endemic sub-clinical cretinism diagnosis (WS 104-104) and the IDD monitoring program of the central transfer fund at the same time,and analysis the distribution of existing cretinism.Results In 1985 and 2011,cretinism areas were 53 and 41 in Gansu Province,and the endemic cretinism cases werel9 696 and 4 715,respectively;18 cases of endemic cretinism were born between 1985 to1997,7 new cases were born after 1997;nerve cretinism,myxedematous and mixed types among existing cases were 58.8％ (2 766/4 708),9.8％ (461/4 708) and 31.4％ (1 481/4 708),males and females were 69.3％ (3 261/4 708)and 30.7％ (1 481/4 708),respectively.Cases older than 45 accounted for 73.2％ (3 444/4 708);the 7 new cases were all nerve cretinism and 5 cases distributed in ethnic minority areas.Conclusions There are potential dangers of endemic cretinism in the high-risk areas of iodine deficiency disorders due to multiple factors in Gansu Province;the nervous cretinism is the majority which is caused by insufficient iodine intake in early maternal pregnancy.To prevent new endemic cretinism,it is necessary to strengthen measures of emergency iodine supplementation for pregnant women and nursing mothers in the high-risk areas.

Objective: To obtain the antibody against N terminal of 1A6/DRIM, and thereafter get the profile of 1A6/DRIM expression in different cell lines. Methods: The N terminal of 1A6/DRIM (aa 577 714) was cloned into pGEX 4T 3. Multiple antigenic peptides (MAPs)(aa638 661) was synthesized as the antigen with Fmoc/PyBOP method. Rabbits were immunized by injecting the MAPs and the immunized sera were analyzed with ELISA and Western Blot. The Western Blot and immunofluorescence were performed to analyze the expressing profiles of the 1A6/DRIM in different tumor cell lines. Results: The antibody specifically recognized the full length of 1A6/DRIM as a 310 kDa band, which was also recognized by C terminal monoclonal antibody shown by Western Blot. 1A6/DRIM is expressed in multiple tumor cell lines and mainly located in the nuclei. Conclusion: Preparation of the antibody with MAPs is a useful technique when the fusion proteins can not be induced in E coli . The antibody we got via MAPs has supplied a good tool for further studies on the functions of the novel gene 1A6/DRIM.