Objective To explore clinic,imageology and pathological characteristics of twin brothers with adrenoleukodystrophy(ADL).Methods Clinical data of twin brothers with ALD and pathological data of one case were analyzed retrospectively.Results Clinical manitestation of elder brother was cerebral ADL,T1-weighted of MRI with low intensity lesion and T2-weighted with high intensity lesion were shown widely in the parietooccipital and postero-corpus callosum white matter.The pathological changes were myelinopothy diffused in the parietooccipital white matter,but U fibber was maintained in the subcortex.Clinical manitestation of the young brother was shown spinal damage.His cerebral MRI was normal.Spinal MRI had shown spinal cord thinning,line-like equal signal was found in the periphery of the lesion.He might be juvenile adrenomyeloneuropathy.Conclusions Although the twin brothers are both suffer from adrenoleukodystrophy,their clinical manifestation,MRI and pathological changes are different.

Objective To study the MRI findings of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and its clinical relations. Methods MRI of 10 cases CJD patients were examined 2-12 months after the onset. 6 cases were diagnosed using cerebral biopsy, 8 cases received CSF analysis for 14-3-3 protein, 8 cases showed special changes of electroencephalogram, PrP gene of 9 cases were analyzed. Results Symmetric bilateral high signals were observed in caudate nucleus and Putamen in T 2-weighted imaging and Flair imaging in 5 cases, but the pallidum and thalamus were normal. No changes were found in T1-weighted imaging. 2 cases showed brain atrophy, 1 case showed mild lacunar infarction,and the other 2 were normal. Conclusions Abnormal signals in basal ganglia of 4 patients of 129Met/Met homozygote occurred after 2.5 months averagely, they survived for 10.5 months at average. 1 patient of 129 Met/Val heterozygote showed abnormal signals in basal ganglia after 12 months, and survived for 16 months. The mean duration of patient with abnormal signals in basal ganglia (12.2 months) is longer than those without changes in basal ganglia (5.5 months). Symmetric high signal in bilateral caudate nucleus and Putamen is an important imaging feature of sCJD. It might be served as a diagnostic index in some circumstances.

We investigated and analyzed the first case of human infection with avian influenza A(H9N2) virus in Yunnan Province,China,so as to provide a better basis for preventing and controlling human infections with viruses of animal origin in the future.We carried out the field epidemiological survey among the patient,close contacts and the live poultry markets,detected and analyzed the samples from patient and the outdoor environment.Results showed that the 9-month-old boy was a case of human infection with avian influenza A(H9N2) virus with the history of live poultry markets exposure and the results of nucleic acid detection and virus isolation.There was a lot of contamination of the avian influenza virus in the live poultry markets.The second generation cases have not occurred.The monitoring of pneumonia of unknown etiology and influenza like cases in medical institutions is the important means to find timely cases of human infected with avian influenza.Regular disinfection and closing-down of live poultry markets are key measures to reduce the exposure opportunity.

Objective To detect point mutations of the PRNP in 10 sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) patients. Methods Priori protein gene open reading frame was amplified by PCR of genomic DNA extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. Products were sequenced and digested with restriction endonuc lease Nsp I to check the phenotype at codon 129. Results Two CJD patients were confirmed at autopsy. One full sequencing of the PRNP open reading frame revealed normal, but the other revealed a single novel mutation consisting of a cytosine-to-guanine substitution at nucleotide 729, causing asparagine to replace glutamic acid at codon 211. Among 8 probable CJD patients, 2 full sequencing of the PRNP open reading frame revealed anadenine-to-guanine substitution at nucleotide 751, causing lysine to replace glutamic acid at codon 219. The patients were methionine homozygosity at codon 129. Conclusions The E211D mutation was identified in a confirmed CJD patient. The novel point mutation might be associated with familial CJD. However, E219K identified in 2 possible CJD patients was included in polymorphism of the PRNP as well as M129V. Analysis of PRNP plays an important role for diagnose of familial priori disease.

Objective To investigate the molecular mechanism of calreticulin ( CRT) transcription induced by HBV and its viral proteins. Methods The human hepatocellular cell line, HepG2, was trans-fected with pHBV1. 3 and eukaryotic expression plasmids of HBV viral proteins, respectively. The expres-sion of CRT was measured after transfection. A reporter plasmid of CRT promoter was constructed to analyze the induction of CRT promoter by pHBV1. 3 and HBV viral proteins. Furthermore, two truncated and one C/EBPα site deficient mutants were constructed to evaluate the regulatory effects of HBx on CRT promoter. Fi-nally, HepG2 cells were transfected with HBx expression plasmids and the cellular localization of C/EBPαwas analyzed. Results In this study, pHBV1. 3 could significantly up-regulate the expression of CRT at mRNA and protein levels as well as enhancing the activity of CRT promoter. Among the seven HBV viral proteins, HBx could enhance the activity of CRT promoter and the expression of CRT at mRNA and protein levels. HBx could not induce the transcription of CRT when the C/EBPα binding site was deleted from the CRT promoter. The expression of HBx could promote the nuclear translocation of C/EBPα. Conclusion HBV and its viral protein HBx could up-regulate the CRT expression at transcriptional level. The transcrip-tional factor C/EBPα played a critical role in HBx-induced transcriptional activation of CRT.

Hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC ) is one of the commonest malignant tumors in China .The therapeutic effects of conventional therapies including surgery resection at early stage ,chemotherapy or radiothera-py are greatly less than expected .One of the most possible reasons is the blockage of apoptosis in HCC cells .This review collects literatures about the studies on the roles of key signal pathways including RA ,STAT3,PDT,p53,β-catenin,TRAIL,microRNA and RAS in HCC therapy .This study may contribute greatly to providing outline in-sights for using apoptosis induction in liver cancer therapy .We hope it can promote the development liver cancer therapy in China .

Objective To verify the relationship between qi-yin deficiency syndrome and the etiology and diagnostic information on type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods Data of 185 cases of qi-yin deficiency syndrome of type 2 diabetes and 351 cases of other syndromes at TCM Hospital of Hongqiao District in Tianjin and Metabolic Disease Hospital of Tianjin Medical University were randomly collected. Etiology and diagnostic information of qi-yin deficiency syndrome were screened by the likelihood radio of forward step method by using Logistic regression analysis. On this basis, the relationship between qi-yin deficiency syndrome and the etiology and diagnostic information was verified by using maximum likelihood estimation method of the structural equation model.Results The goodness of fit index of the model (GFI) was 0.909; root mean square residual (RMR) of that was 0.071; comparative fit index (CFI) of that was 0.942, which suggested that the fitting effect of the model was good. The reasonable interpretation of the relationship between qi-yin deficiency syndrome and the etiology and diagnostic information was given. Conclusion From the aspect of single syndrome factors, the relationship between qi-yin deficiency syndrome and the etiology and diagnostic information on type 2 diabetes mellitus is verified.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of preventive analgesia in patients with radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.Methods The clinical data of 161 patients undergoing radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer at the Xijing Hospital from July 2012 to June 2013 were prospectively analyzed.A single-blind,randomized,controlled study was performed in the eligibe patients who were randomly divided into the preventive analgesia group and the control group based on a random number table.All the patients received major gastrectomy + Billroth Ⅱ anastomy or total gastrectomy + esophagojejunastomy,and then they received vein combined anesthesia and tracheal intubation.In the preventive analgesia group,10 mg dexamethasone and 200 mg parecoxib were administered by intravenous infusion before operation,7-8 mL ropivacaine (0.5％) were injected at the incisional site and transversus abdominis infiltration at open and close surgery and celecoxib was taken orally for 3 days.In the control group,vein analgesia pump was used after operation.The visual analogue scale (VAS),proportion of patients with postoperative out-off-bed activity time ＞ 8 hours,time of flatus,time of defecation and duration of hospital stay were recorded between the 2 groups.The measurement data with normal distribution were presented as x ± s.The comparison between groups was evaluated with the t test and repeated measures ANOVA.The data with skew distrubution and ordinal data were analyzed by the analysis of variance,and the count data were analyzed using the chi-square test.Results All the 161 patients who were screened for eligibility were randomly divided into the preventive analgesia group (87 patients) and the control group (74 patients).The scores of the VAS at postoperative day 1,2 and 3 were 2.8 ± 0.6,2.6 ± 0.4 and 1.8 ± 0.4 in the preventive analgesia group,and 5.3 ± 0.5,4.2 ± 0.6 and 2.4 ± 0.3 in the control group,with a significant difference between the 2 groups (F =4.25,P ＜ 0.05).The proportion of patients with postoperative first abmulation time ＞ 8 hours at postoperative day 1,2 and 3 were 8,17 and 20 in the preventive analgesia group,and 0,3 and 11 in the control group,with a significant difference between the 2 groups (x2 =7.60,10.26,3.16,P ＜ 0.05).The time of flatus,time of defecation and duration of hospital stay were (51 ± 24) hours,(61 ± 24) hours and (5.5 ± 3.0) days in the preventive analgesia group,compared with (71 ± 23) hours,(83 ± 30) hours and (6.3 ± 2.1) days in the control group,showing a significant difference between the 2 groups (t =5.32,5.04,0.17,P ＜ 0.05).All the patients in the 2 groups normally survived after surgery without respiratory depression,incision infection and adverse drug reaction.Conclusions Preventive analgesia in the perioperative treatment of patients with radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer could relieve the postoperative pain of patients,improve the bowel function and enhance the recovery of patients.Registry This study was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry with the registry number of ChiCTRTRC-11001440.

BACKGROUND: Pathological changes of the brain tissue in patients with dementia of frontal type(DFT) are still controversial. This paper brought forward the pathological alterative characteristics of brain tissue in DFT patients through one pathological case study of the brain tissue in one dead dementia patient.OBJECTIVE: To validate one uncommon neurodegenerative disease complicated with dementia, DFT.DESIGN: A case analysis.SETTING: Department of Neurology of the First Hospital of Jilin University METHODS: Brain anatomy, serials of histological staining and immunohistochemical staining for PrP, tau protein, etc. were performed after 3 hours since the death of one patient with progressive dementia.stainingfrontal lobes. EEG displayed a paroxysmal high-amplitude slow wave with and the brain atrophy was limited to frontal lobe and the temporal lobe loss of neurocyte companied with significant gliosis since the second layer; However, the pyramidal cell was relatively healthy. No abnormality was munohistochemical staining had negative reactions.CONCLUSION: This case was typical DFT. This type of dementia should be considered in future analysis of the neurodegenerative disease complicated with dementia.

To investigate the application of seminar teaching on postgraduate education of ophthalmology,postgraduate from Grade 2008 to Grade 2010 were divided into experiment groups and control groups.Seminar teaching and conventional teaching were applied to two groups respectively.The performances of seminar teaching groups at each grade were better than the control groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Thus,seminar teaching can enhance theory and operation ability of postgraduate.