The article is intended to introduce the readers to the concept and background of Web accessibility in the United States. I will first discuss different definitions of Web accessibility. The beneficiaries of accessible Web or the sufferers from inaccessible Web will be discussed based on the type of disability. The importance of Web accessibility will be introduced from the perspectives of ethical, demographic, legal, and financial importance. Web accessibility related standards and legislations will be discussed in great detail. Previous research on evaluating Web accessibility will be presented. Lastly, a system for automated Web accessibility transformation will be introduced as an alternative approach for enhancing Web accessibility.

Objective To investigate the effect of Bcl-2 gene knockdown on apotosis , proliferation and drug sensitivity of gastric carcinoma HGC-27 cells. Methods The HGC-27 cells were divided into five groups:the untreated control group , the control siRNA group , the specific siRNA targeting Bcl-2 gene group , 5-FU treated group and the combination group (Bcl-2 siRNA and 5-FU treatment). Then flow cytometry and MTT assays were performed to detect the apoptosis and proliferation of HGC-27 cells. The cysteine protease activityand Cytochrome C release level were tested by ELISA method. Results Bcl-2 knockdown enhanced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation of HGC-27 cells. Comparedwith the 5-FU-treated group , the cell apoptosis level, activities of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9, plasma Cytochrome C were significantly increased in the combination group(P <0.01). Conclusion Bcl-2 gene knockdown induced apoptosis, inhibited cell proliferation and enhanced the drug sensitivity of 5-FU in gastric cancer cells , which might be considered as a potential therapeutic strategy forgastric carcinoma.

Thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrine maligancy, and the worldwide incidence has been rising in recent years. Differentiated thyroid carcinoma is the most common thyroid malignancy, which include thyroid papillary carcinoma and follicular thyroid carcinoma, accounting for about 90 percent of thyroid carcinoma incidence. Currently, surgical treatment, iodine radiotherapy and TSH suppressive therapy are the commonly accepted effective treatments for differentiated thyroid carcinoma, and most patients can be cured. But there are still some patients not sensitive to the general treatments, who have lost the treatment of opportunity. Molecular targeted therapy is an agonistic or suppressive treatment for molecular biology targets of malignant tumor, and currently is a frontier research in the field of malignancy treatment. By retrieving and analyzing the related literature of molecular targeted therapy of thyroid carcinoma through PUBMED in the past 5 years, the article introduced the current status of molecular targeted therapy of thyroid carcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma, Follicular ; drug therapy ; Carcinoma ; drug therapy ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Humans ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; drug therapy

Adenoma ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Parathyroid Glands ; Parathyroid Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; therapy

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous pneumatic nephrolithotripsy combined with ultrasonic lithotripsy for the treatment of renal calculi. Methods From January 2005 to December 2006, 132 cases of renal calculi were treated by percutaneous pneumatic nephrolithotripsy and ultrasonic lithotripsy. Percutaneous nephrolithotripsy was performed under the guidance of B-ultrasonography, and then the calculi were removed by pneumatic nephrolithotripsy combined with ultrasonic lithotripsy.Results Single-tract procedure was performed on 122 cases, while two-tract in the other 10. One-stage lithotripsy was performed on 127 cases, and two-stage operation was carried out in 5. The operation time ranged from 30 to 150 minutes with a mean of (60?12) minutes. The stone clearance rate was 90.2% (119/132) one week after the operation. Five patients had 200-to 500-ml hemorrhage 1 to 4 days after the operation, and were cured by blood transfusion and anti-infection treatments. No serious complications were found in the other patients. The nephrostomy tube was withdrawn 4 to 7 days (mean 6 days) after the operation. The hospital stay was 6 to 22 days with a mean of 15 days. Among the patients, 98 were followed up for 3 to 20 months (mean 13 months). No hemorrhage, infection, or recurrence of renal calculi was found during this period. Conclusion Percutaneous pneumatic nephrolithotripsy combined with ultrasonic lithotripsy is safe, effective, with mild surgical trauma and a few complications for patients with renal calculi.

International medical community has seen the prevail of outpatient teaching for medical students in recent years. A student-centered and faculty-run teaching clinic was set up based on current outpatient resources in 2008 by Division of General Internal Medicine (DGIM) in Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH). We concluded that teaching clinic was an effective teaching mode for medical students to improve clinical skills, diagnostic proficiency and health-care professionalism in internal medicine.

Objective To summarize and analyze clinical characteristics of glycogen storage disease (GSD)typeⅠcomplicated with hepatocellular carcinoma to improve clinical recognition to it.Methods First case of GSD type Ia complicated with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in China was reported and another 14 cases with detailed clinical data reported in literatures were reviewed in this paper.Results The case was man at age of 19 with chief complaint of hepatic mass founded casually.For all the 15 cases(other 14 from literature reports),mean age at diagnosis of HCC was 32.3 years and average time interval from diagnosis of GSD to diagnosis of HCC Was 23.1 years,as compared to 23.3 years and 14.6 years,respectively in three cases with both hepatitis B virus(HBV)and hepatitis C virus(HCV)seropositive.Serum level of alpha fetoprotein(AFP)was elevated in six patients.Tumor could be located at all lobes of the liver and mainly in the right lobe(eight of 15 cases),with varied size and solitary or multiple tumor.Conclusions Symptoms in GSD typeⅠcomplicated with HCC Was latent at onset.and AFP measurement was questionable in its diagnosis.It is important that physicians should keep more alert to risk of HCC in patients with GSD for its early diagnosis.

BACKGROUND: As magnetic resonance (MR) contrast, a large number of clinical and experimental researches have been done on superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO), while the report on the labeled cell passaged cells is rare.OBJECTIVE: MR imaging was performed to the labeled bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and its passaged cells in vitro, in order to establish the base of monitoring magnetic labeled BMSCs with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in vivo.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The cytological in vitro experiment was performed at the Imaging Research Institute and Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology of North Sichuan Medical College Hospital from June 2006 to January 2007. MATERIALS: Two clean female albino rats (Animal Center, North Sichuan Medical College), SPIO (Schering AG,Germany) were used in this study.METHODES: Bilateral femur and tibia bone marrow was extracted from rats. BMSCs were harvested and purified using the adherent method, and then labeled with 600 μL ferric oxide-polylysine compound (42 mg/L iron concentration) in vitro. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cell maker-positive rate and the MR signal intensity were respectively measured to the labeled cells and its passaged cells under the inverted microscope and magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS: Following Prussian blue staining, labeling rate of SPIO labeled cells at the first passage was 100%. With increased passage, the labeling rate was reduced from the first to fifth passages. Compared with non-labeled PBS control, there was no significant difference in signal intensity in the first and second passages cells, but the signal intensity percentage was gradually decreased with signal intensity of increased cell passage from the third passage. Cell labeling rate was negatively correlated with T2~*WI signal intensity (r=-0.986 6, P <0.005). CONCLUSION: The iron particles in the magnetic labeled cells can be passaged to the offspring cells, and can be monitored in a certain period of time with MRI in vitro. These results firstly introduced that SPIO-labeled cell iron particles can decrease with cell passage.

To improve the quality of teaching, teaching reform and exploration on integration of Ttradition Chinese Orthopedics curriculum has been carried out by orthopedics teaching and research section in our school. Putting Traditional Chinese Orthopedics as the framework of curriculum knowledge, the im-portant and difficult points of Human Anatomy and Clinical Medical Science were combined, which builds the overall teaching mode of normal-disease-cases and get some results. The evaluation of teaching effect shows thatthe integration of Traditional Chinese Orthopedicscourse will enable students to lay a solid the-oretical foundation and improve their ability.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of ischemic postconditioning (IPC) on myocardial perfusion levels of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients having underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and the safety of IPC. Methods One hundred and sixty patients with STEMI were enrolled, and they accepted the primary PCI therapy within the onset of 12 h. The patients were divided into 2 groups according the treatment method:control group (routine PCI group, 82 cases) and IPC group (78 cases). The ST-segment resolution, TIMI myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG), before and after PCI levels of nitrogen monoxidum (NO), endothelin (ET)-1, tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1, rate of intraoperative complication were observed. The patients were followed up for 6 months, the rate of major adverse cardiac event (MACE) was recorded. Results The rates of ST-segment resolution and TMPG well in IPC group were significantly higher than those in control group:84.62%(66/78) vs. 67.07%(55/82) and 80.77%(63/78) vs. 64.63%(53/82), and the rate of ischemia-reperfusion injury in IPC group was significantly lower than that in control group: 7.69%(6/78) vs. 24.39%(20/82), and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05 or<0.01). The endothelial function and fibrinolysis activity indexes (NO, ET-1, t-PA and PAI-1 levels ) 7 d after PCI in IPC group were significantly better than those in control group: (52.37 ± 3.84) μmol/L vs. (50.95 ±3.85) μmol/L, (75.47 ±3.47) ng/L vs. (76.61 ±3.72) ng/L, (12.96 ±1.25) μg/L vs. (12.52 ±1.23) μg/L, (21.78 ±4.01)μg/L vs. (24.95±7.56)μg/L, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05 or<0.01). There was no statistical difference in the rate of intraoperative complication between 2 groups ( P>0.05). The rate of MACE in IPC group was significantly lower than that in control group:3.85% (3/78) vs. 14.63% (12/82), and there was statistical difference (P<0.05). Conclusions Applying IPC in patients with STEMI having underwent primary PCI is safe and can improve myocardial perfusion levels. The improvement of vessel endothelial function and fibrinolysis activity attained from IPC may be the major mechanism.