Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes,dyslipidemia, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome.It likely represents hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of NAFLD has been estimated to be 20％-30％ in the general population. However, it is much higher in type 2 diabetic patients. Several epidemiological studies indicate that NAFLD is linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease( CVD), which is independent of underlying cardiometabolic risk factors. This suggests that NAFLD may also be actively involved in the pathogenesis. The possible molecular mediators linking NAFLD and atherosclerosis(AS) include the release of pro-atherogenic factors by oxidative stress and inflammation as well as atherogenic dyslipidemia, abnormal adipose factors, and insulin resistance, finally aggravating progression of CVD. In this article, the relationship and possible mechanisms between NAFLD and AS are reviewed.

Cerebral vasospasm (CVS) is a serious complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is an endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor substance.A large number of clinical and basic studies have shown that cerebrospinal fluid and/or ET-1 levels in peripheral blood increases in patients with SAH and play an important role in the occurrence and development of CVS.This article reviews the research status of the role of ET-1 in the occurrence and development of CVS.

Objective T o observe the therapeutic effect of Radix Astragali Injectio on psoriasis and it s possible pharmaceutical mechanism. Methods Two groups of patients with psoriasis vulgaris were treated with either comprehensive regi men or comprehensive regimen plus Radix Astragali Injectio. The clinical respons es in both groups were compared. Meanwhile, the effects of Radix Astragali Decoc tion and Injectio on proliferation of vaginal epithelium, PCNA expression, diffe rentiation of tail scale epidermis and plasma ET－1 were assessed in mouse mode l. Results It was shown that psoriatic lesions began to fade significantly earli er in Radix Astragali group than in routine comprehensive treatment group. The c linical cure rate was significantly higher in Radix Astragali group also. Animal experiment indicated that Radix Astragali Injectio had effects on all 4 indices mentioned above and the effects of the Injectio was stronger than that of the D ecoction. Conclusions Radix Astragali Injectio is effective for psoriasis vulgar is. Its therapeutic effects may be explained by blocking multiple pathogenetic l inkage.

Objective To Analyze the effect of community-based integrative intervention on hypertension.Methods Among six residential areas,randomly chose four as the intervention group and the another two as the control group.Then a synthetical intervention was carried out to the intervention group,but no measures to the control.Results In the intervention group,the patients' systolic and diastolic pressure were eventually lower by 5.25 mm Hg than the datum line.The final result was obviously different from the datum line(P0.05).Conclusion The community-based integrated intervention plays a great role in the control of high blood pressure.

The paper introduced the recent development of optical tweezers array.The particle manipulation system could be set up based on several methods,such as acousto-optics deflectors(AOD),diffractive optical elements(DOE),spatial light modulators(SLM),interference technique,vertical cavity surface emitting laser(VCSEL),optical fibers and micro-lens arrays as well.The principle,specification and basic structure of each method were introduced and analyzed briefly.Taking the advantage of particle trapping,optical tweezers array was very useful for manipulation of micron size particles,such as cells.Combining with microfluidics and MEMs fabrication,optical tweezer array,the ultraminiature and portable particle sorting system,would be a good choice for space biological research.

Objective To study the immunoregulatory activity of eucommia ulmoides oliv polysaccharides (EOP) on immunodepressive mice. Method The immunodepressive mice model was established with cyclophosphamide (CY) treated. EOP was given with different doses, and mouse weight, thymus index, spleen index, abdominal cavity macrophage engulfing rates, engulfing index were measured. Result 300 grams Eucommia ulmoides Oliv crude drugs after withdraw separate gained 9.3 grams polysaccharides. After CY injection, the mouse weight, chest gland index, abdominal cavity macrophage swallowing rate, phagocytic count reduced. EOP could resist the mouse body weight drop induced by CY, elevate the thymus index of immunity low mouse, obviously increase mouse abdominal cavity macrophage engulfing rates and engulfing index (P

Objective To identify the member of the caspase family proteases involved in γ-radiation-induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells and to study the expression of the caspase gene in normal, apoptotic cells and in immortal tu mor cells. Methods By using degenerate oligonucleotide primers encoding the highly conserved peptides that were pre sent in all known caspases, we performed RT-PCR on poly(A)RNA from γ-radiation-induced apoptotic HL-60 cells. Caspase-3 mRNA in apoptotic HL-60 cells and in human tumor cell lines was analyzed by Northern blot. Results The amplified DNA fragment was identified with caspase-3 cDNA by cloning and sequencing. The Northern blot analysis of caspase-3 mRNA of different human tumor cell lines showed that the caspase-3 gene transcript was more highly ex pressed in leukemia cell lines and the SH-SY5Y cell line than in HeLa and MCF-7 cells. It was more highly expressed in the radiation-induced apoptotic HL-60 cells than in control HL-60 cells. Conclusion These results indicated that caspase-3 was involved in γ-radiation-induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells. The high level of expression of caspase-3 may aid efforts to understand the insensitivity of some tumor cells to radiation, their inherent ability to survive, and apop tosis.

Objective To investigate the serum levels of soluble human leukocyte antigen (sHLA)-G in patients with polymyositis (PM) or dermatomyositis (DM),and to analyze its association with clinical features and possible role in the pathogenesis of PM/DM.Methods Serum sHLA-G levels of 26 patients with PM,70 patients with DM and 35 matched healthy controls were measured by ELISA.The relationship between the sHLA-G levels and clinical features or seroimmunological data in the patients with PM/DM was analyzed.Results Serum levels of sHLA-G in PM/DM patients were significantly higher compared to healthy controls [(44±70) U/ml vs (4±5) U/ml,P＜0.01].There was statistically significant difference between DM patients and PM patients [(54±81) U/ml vs (27±41) U/ml,P=0.004].The incidence of dysphagia was significantly higher in sHLA-G elevated group than those in sHLA-G normal group (P=0.001).Additionally,Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the serum sHLA-G levels were positively correlated with serum C3 (r=0.284,P=0.021),but negatively correlated with CD3+ T cells (r=-0.233,P=0.047) and CD4+ T cells (r=-0.287,P=0.015) in the peripheral blood in patients with PM/DM.Serum levels of sHLA-G in non-treated PM/DM patients were significantly higher compared to treated patients [(77±99) U/ml vs (34±52) U/ml,P=0.021].No relationship between serum sHLA-G levels and PM/DM disease activity,or different drug therapy was found.Conclusion Serum levels of sHLA-G are increased in PM/DM patients.The increased production of sHLA-G,paralleled with higher incidence of dysphagia and lower level of CD3+ T cells and CD4+ T cells,indicates that sHLA-G may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PM/DM.

Objective To explore the clinical features of very long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deifciency (VLCADD). Methods The clinical manifestation and the biochemical data of one baby girl with VLCADD were summarized and related literatures were reviewed. Results Female patient, aged 7 months, presented with recurrent vomit, haematemesis, stare, nodal tachycardia, hypoglycemia, abnormal liver function and myocardial enzyme. She died after one month due to frequent relapse together with withdrawing treatment. Conclusion VLCADD as a rare disease that cause sudden unexpected death in infant, the early diagnosis and treatment are important to patients.

Objective To explore the factors relating to serum lutein level in elderly patients with early age-related macular degeneration (AMD).Methods 102 early AMD patients diagnosed by international diagnostic criteria were selected.The level of serum lutein was measured by HPLC,and dietary intake was estimated by food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ).The factors relating to serum lutein level were analyzed by Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis models.Results Serum lutein level was higher in female AMD patients than in male AMD patients [(0.33±0.31) μmol/L vs.(0.21 ±0.19) μmol/L,t=2.21,P＜0.05].Serum lutein level was positively correlated with dietary lutein (r=0.49,P＜ 0.001),but not correlated with age,BMI,and other nutrient intake after adjustment for caloric intake.Dietary lutein was mainly from corn,spinach,leeks,eggs,chrysanthemum,pumpkin,broccoli,lettuce,asparagus and peas.Intakes of spinach,pumpkin,asparagus were significantly associated with serum lutein level.Conclusions Elderly patients with AMD should increase the intakes of lutein-rich vegetables to increase the serum lutein level.