Clinical data of 277 pregnant women attended to nutrition clinic at Haidian District Maternity and Children's Hospital,Beijing were analyzed retrospectively,including 64 cases of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM),85 cases of gestational impaired glucose tolerance(GIGT)and 128 normal women(84 normal fasting blood glucose and 44 abnormal fasting blood glucose but normal glucose challenge test,GCT).There was a higher proportion of pregnant women with family history of diabetes among those with abnormal GCT.as compared to those with normal GCT(P＜0.05).Mean age was significantly higher in women with GDM than that in normal ones(P＜0.05),but no statistically significant difference in it was found between women with GIGT and normal GCT(P＞0.05).Body weight in women with GIGT was higher both before pregnancy and at GCT than that in normal ones(P＜0.05).Serum levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride presented an increasing trend in pregnant women of varied groups since their first prenatal care visits(P＜0.05),higher in those with GDM and/or GIGT than those in normal ones(P＜0.01).

OBJECTIVE:To provide references for the improvement of civil relief system for adverse drug reactions.METHODS:The approaches for Japan in handling the "quinoform" drug injury event were compared with the way of China in dealing with drug injury events.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:The approaches for Japan in handling the"quinoform" drug injury event give some hints for China,i.e.the defective drugs should be comprehensively judged by judges,the causal relations should be determined by using the probability theory and the time point of producers' exemption should be revised.

Objective To examine the effect of lutein supplementation on visual function in people with long-term display light exposure. Method Thirty-seven persons (age 22-30) with long-term display light exposure were divided into low-dose group, high-dose group, and placebo group involving supplementation with 6 mg lutein/d, 12 mg lutein/d, and placebo for 12 w. The levels of serum lutein and visual function indices such as break-up time (BUT), critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF), visuognosis persistence, and reaction time were measured at week 0 and 12. Results After lutein supplementation serum concentrations of high-dose group and low-dose group increased from (0.328?0.120) ?mol/L to (0.733?0.354) ?mol/L, and from (0.356?0.117) ?mol/L to (0.607?0.176) ?mol/L respectively. There was significant increase of break up time in left eyes of high-dose group. Visuognosis persistence was significantly improved, and significant decrease of simple reaction time was observed in high-dose group. No statistical change was observed in critical flicker fusion frequency, discriminative reaction time and choice reaction time during the study. Conclusion Visual function indices such as break-up time, visuognosis persistence and simple reaction time in people with long-term display light exposure who received lutein supplements were significantly improved.

Objective To determine the contents of lutein,zeaxanthin and ?-carotene in 31 vegetables.Method High performance liquid chromatography method with Develosil C30 column and ultraviolet detector was used to detect lutein,zeaxanthin and ?-carotene at wavelength of 480nm.A gradient elution method with elution A (acetonitrile:methol=75:25) and B (methyl-tert-butyl-ether) was used to separate the carotenoids in both raw and cooked vegetables.Results The retention time of lutein,zeaxanthin and ?-carotene was 10.355,10.732 and 20.789 min respectively.The contents of lutein,zeaxanthin and ?-carotene were linearly related with the peak area.Analysis showed that dark leafy vegetable such as amaranth,Chinese celery leaf,parsley,spinach and pakchoi petiole contained the highest amount of lutein.Zeaxanthin was detected only in dehydrated daylily.There was little or no loss of lutein,zeaxanthin and ?-carotene but an average increase in lutein and ?-carotene in vegetables after cooking.Conclusion Vegetables,especially dark leafy vegetables are major sources of dietary lutein,and ?-carotene.Consuming cooked vegetables tends to increase the intakes of lutein,zeaxanthin and their bioavailability.

Objective To investigate the receptor involved in the TNF?induced HO-1 expression and the related signal transduction mechanisms in the brain microvessel endothelial cells.Methods TNF? receptor 1(TNFR1)knockout murine brain microvessel endothelial cells(BMVECs)in vitro culture were stimulated respectively by TNF?(5ng/ml).After 24 hours,the level of HO-1 gene mRNA were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR,the effect of TNF?on JNK 、ERK or transcription factor AP-1 were analyzed by Western blot,while ERK inhibitor(PD98059)or JNK inhibitor(SP600125)were used.Results Exposure of wild-type BMVECs and TNFR1(p55)knockout BMVECs [BVEC/TNF-RI(-/-)] to TNF?(5ng/ml,24 h)caused a marked increase in HO-1 mRNA expression.Furthermore,TNF? stimulation also lead to the activation of JNK,ERK and the transcription factor AP-1 in the BVEC/TNF-RI(-/-),However,incubation with the JNK inhibitor SP600125 but not the ERK inhibitor PD98095 attenuated the TNF?-induction of HO-1 in the BVEC/TNF-RI(-/-).Conclusions TNFR2 and JNK activation but not TNFR1 might be essential for mediating the TNF?-induction of the HO-1 in the endothelial cells.

Objectives: To study the reliability and sensitivity of serum transferrin receptor(sTfR) and sTfR/SF in assessing iron status,and explore the efficacy for monitoring early iron deficiency. Methods:941 women at reproductive age from Hebei Province and Shunyi county were included in the study. We determined the serum ferritin (SF)、zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) and hemoglobin (Hb), and divided them into four groups: iron normal, IDS (iron deficiency store),IDE (iron deficiency erythropoiesis),IDA (iron deficiency anemia), according to the current criteria for assessing iron status. We randomly selected 189 aliquotes of serum from four groups to determine their sTfR and calculated the ratio of sTfR/SF, ie, sTfR/LogSF、Log (sTfR/SF). Results: sTfR increased significantly according to ID status of different stages,but sTfR/SF greatly increased in all stages. sTfR correlated with the conventional iron status parameters significantly, and could reflect the different aspects of iron status. The efficacy of Log (sTfR/SF) in identifying iron store deficiency reached 99%,higher than sTfR/LogSF and sTfR. sTfR can effectively identify functional iron deficiency,with the efficacy of 83%. Conclusion: sTfR and sTfR/SF all are promising for assessing iron status and screening iron deficiency in women at reproductive age.

Objective:In order to detect blood oxygen saturation timely,accurately,and conveniently,a wireless blood oxygen saturation detection module has been developed.Methods:Based on wearable monitoring technology and ZigBee wireless communication technology,we designed a blood oxygen saturation module of finger cuff type.This system is composed of photoplethysmography detection micromodule,ZigBee access terminal,and data analysis program,which realize the functions of waveform display,SpO2 calculation,wireless date transmission and so on.Results:The results show that detection accuracy of photoplethysmography is 98%,and calculating error of SpO2 is less than 8.8% satisfying the performance index of blood oxygen saturation detection.Furthermore,ZigBee wireless communication technology and light source regulator can reduce energy expenditure effectively.Conclusion:With the characters of wireless,low power consumption,miniaturization,and high performance,it can truly reflect physiological condition of patients,and remove lines on them,which make it possible for mobile monitor.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension and its related factors in Hulunbeier Mongolian region. Method A stratified multistage sampling was used to select residents aged 18 and over in a town of Hulunbeier region. 453 persons served as subjects for this questionnaire survey. Their blood pressure, height, weight, waist circumference were measured and body mass index (BMI) were calculated. Then an analysis of the prevalence of hypertension and its related risk factors were performed. Results The hypertension prevalence rate was 34.5%, the standardized rate was 45.4%, and the prevalence in men (48.9%) was significantly higher than that in women (25.4%) (P50 (OR=11.312, 95%CI 4.309~22.132), BMI (2.255, 1.180~4.311), gender (OR=2.788, 1.461~5.323) and drinking (2.306, 1.287~4.134) were significantly related to hypertension. Conclusion The standardized prevalence of hypertension in Hulunbeier Mongolian region is higher than the average prevalence in China, 2002. Old age, abdominal obesity, overweight or obesity, male and alcohol drinking were the main risk factors for hypertension in this region. The government and the health sector should strengthen the health education of healthy lifestyle and health promotion and the control.

Objective To explore the effect of early neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) combined with sour taste therapy on dysphagia in the oral phase of acute/subacute ischemic stroke patients. Methods From January, 2013 to June, 2015, 90 patients with oral phase dysphagia after stroke were randomly assigned into NMES group (NM group), sour taste group (ST group ) and NMES combined with sour taste group (TO group) with 30 patients in each group. The swallowing function was evaluated with Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) at baseline, three weeks and twelve weeks treatment. Results The change of FOIS was better in TO group than in ST group three weeks after treatment (P<0.01), and was better in TO group than in ST group and NM group twelve weeks after treatment (P<0.05). Conclu-sion An early application of NMES combined with sour taste therapy could improve the swallowing coordination, and reduce the the poten-tial complications in oral phase of acute/subacute ischemic stroke patients with dysphagia.

0.05).The gene frequencies of ACG-T235M and ACE-DD plus AGT-TT were significantly higher in the patients with CAD than in the controls respectively(all P