Objective:To explore the types and characteristics of the grief reactions of adolescents to friends'death repeatedly,so as to provide reference for effective psychological intervention. Methods:Three college students aged nineteen and twenty years who experienced the death of friends at least twice in adolescence participa-ted in the study by means of an open recruitment in a college. They had friends died at the age of 9 and 12. And then it happened again when they were 15 and 17. Data was collected by semi-structured interviews with the three selected,and analyzed by thematic analysis to classify the grief reactions after the loss of their friends. Results:The common grief reactions of a friend's death in the interview are:shocked,regret and angry,denying,disbelieving, fear of the death,feeling the cruelty of death,crying,searching for support,shirking and recognizing the cruelty of death. The special grief reactions in the interview,especially when they experienced the second death of a friend are:caring for the dead loved ones,having a mental shadow over friend's role,reducing social activities,seeking stimulating and venting,revolting against the school,violence,and working harder. Conclusion:The grief reactions of adolescents to friends'death repeatedly are diversity. It presents the characteristics of the psychological develop-ment of adolescence. And the adolescents need to be given special attention and appropriate psychological interven-tion.

Hepatobiliary surgical intervention technique is a treatment and diagnostic technology developed relatively rapid in recent years,it is responsible for diagnosis and treatment of important organs such as hepatobiliary pancreatic disease,and with characteristics of minimally invasive,video,safe,simple,quick recovery,less complications,patients easily accepted and so is widely used in clinical.With the popularization and rapid development of this technology,the demand for physician intervention greatly increased,setting off a wave of interventional study.Our hospital has carried out hepatic artery embolization imaging technology and chemotherapy,interventional radiology treatment of biliary tract,portal vein involvement of hepatobiliary surgical intervention since 1980s,the cumulative number of cases of hepatobiliary surgical intervention reached million and attracted many national hospitals to send officers to learn the technology.In the teaching process,we accumulated some valuable experience.

The time-dependent changes in myocardio membrane system during ischemia/reperfusion injury were studied with ligature of the left ventricular branch of coronary artery in rabbit. The permeability of cardiac membrane system being tested by using lanthanum tracer technique and stereological methods. Lanthanum granules were observed in the sarplacosma and sarccpiasmic tubes especially at ischemia for 20min. The pecmeability of membrane system for La~(+++) was more marked when hearts were reperfused for 20min. With the increase in time of ischemia, the changes became more and more serious. A lot of lanthanum granules were entered into mitochondria when the hearts were reperfused after 40min ischemia. There were neither intact mitichondria nor lanthanum granules in mitochondria observed when the hearts were reperfused after 60min ischemia. The structural changes were irreversible at this stage of reperfusion The results of our study indicated that the changes of permeability of cardiac cell for La~(+++) in ischcmia/reperfusion are time-dependent, 40min ischemia is the demarcation line between the reversible and irreversible injury during reperfusion. On the basis of our experiment, we like to propose a new conception of reversible and irreversible injury of reperfusion.

Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a semi-synthetic derivative of artemisinin, has recently shown antitumor activity in various cancer cells including cancers of cervix, pancreas, prostate, liver and neuroblastoma. Numerous studies in vivo and in vitro indicate that DHA possesses unique antitumor features and appears to be a promising chemotherapeutic agents. Here we systematically review the advances in research of anticancer of dihydroartemisinin, as well as summarize the mechanisms of its inducing apoptosis,delay cell-cycle, inhibitory cell proliferation and downregulate angiogenesis.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Artemisinins ; pharmacology ; Humans

Objective To observe the structural abnormalities of the painful shoulder in patients soon after stroke by M RI,and to identify the possible causes of post-stroke shoulder pain (PSSP).Methods Patients with hemiplegia following their first cerebrovascular accident were divided into 2 groups:PSSP group (32 patients) and post-stroke no shoulder pain (PSNSP) group (20 patients).Physical findings of affected shoulder and MRI findings of both affected and unaffected shoulders were evaluated.Results Shoulder subluxation was significantly more frequent in PSSP group than in PSNSP group (53％ vs 15％,P ＜0.05).In PSSP group,the incidence rate of rotator cuff injury,subacromial-subdeltoid bursa effusion,glenohumeral joint effusion,effusion of long head of biceps tendon was higher in affected side than that in unaffected side(63％ vs 13％,53％ vs 13％,75％ vs 31％,41％ vs 13％,respectively).In PSNSP group,the incidence rate of glenohumeral joint effusion was higher in affected side than that in unaffected side (70％ vs 17％).But compared with no pain hemiplegic shoulder,only rotator cuff injury and subacromial-subdeltoid bursa effusion were significantly higher in PSSP patients (63％ vs15％,53％ vs 25％,respectively),and there was significant difference between the two groups (P ＜0.05).Conclusion Rotator cuff injury was found to be a possible cause of PSSP.

The paper sums up quality management in obstetrics in Shanghai in the past 10 years and gives an account of the specific measures adopted: laying a solid foundation of quality management in obstetrics and creating a sound organizational framework;valuing the crux of quality management in obstetrics and strengthening the control of process quality;stressing quality improvement in obstetrics and the analysis and feedback of outcome information and guiding the formulation of short-term and long-term action plans.It also describes the marked results obtained,including a reduced maternal mortality rate,enhanced access criteria for maternity hospitals,and preliminary results attained after the establishment of maternity hospitals for women from other areas.In addition,the paper puts forward suggestions for further improving maternal healthcare and obstetric quality.

Objective In order to explore the quantification of forensic medical determination to the tooth drop by boxing injury, we study the torensic clinical comparison between this kind of injury and periodontopathy, and study the characteristics of this kind of injury. Method Form the peri-odontopathy group by 65 cases of periodontopathy tooth drop by boxing injury and regular group by 65 cases of normal tooth drop by boxing injury, and analyze the data by statistical Chi-square test. Results Comparing to the regular group, the periodontopathy group has outstanding differences on age, the injury of buccal parenchyma, the type and number of tooth dropped, tooth broken and fracture of den to-alveolar. There is inverse ratio between the injury intensity and the determination of injury degree. Conclusion There is misunderstanding on determination of injury degree of periodontopathy tooth drop by boxing injury. It is necessary to use the injury degree of influence when we determine the above-mentioned injury.

BACKGROUND:To explore the methods for secondary limb revascularization after endovascular repair is one of the most urgent research topics.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the biological mechanism about the transplantation of autologous peripheral blood stem cel s to lead and perfect the effect of ischemic tissue for secondary revascularization.
METHODS:Forty-two patients with critical low limb ischemia were selected and treated with endovascular repair as first revascularization and transplantation of autologous peripheral blood stem cel s as secondary revascularization. The secondary revascularization was carried out at 3 months after the first blood flow remodeling. The patients receiving secondary revascularization were fol owed for 4 years.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After transplantation of autologous peripheral blood stem cel s, the patients complained that the rest pain of the lower leg was relieved obviously and intermittent claudication distance was significantly lengthened. Limb salvage rate was 100%. Skin temperature index was 1.6±0.3, transcutaneous oxygen pressure was (5.00±1.26) kPa, ankle-brachium index was 0.9±0.2, photoplethysmograpy index was 0.8±0.1, saturation of blood oxygen was (79.4±20.4)%, and digital subtraction angiography score was (1.3±0.2)
points. After transplantation, local blood flow indicators of the low limbs were positively correlated to local symptom indicators of the limbs (0.6

The effect of antiepilepsirine, a derivative of piperine, on the rat amygdala kindled seizures was studied. An average of daily consecutive 15 stimulations was needed to reach the first stage 5 seizures, at which the rats showed behavioral convulsions and electroencephalogra-phic abnormalities. Antiepilepsirine ip 2 h before stimulation at the doses that did not show obvious sedation suppressed the stage 5 seizures with the ED50 of 84.7mg/kg and exhibited insignificant shortening of afterdischarge duration. Sodium valproate effectively protected against stage 5 seizures and shortened the afterdischarge duration. Present data suggest the chronic antiepileptic property of antiepilepsirine in rat amygdala kindling model.

Objective To study the expression of immunoglobulin-like transcripts 3 (ⅡT3) and ILT4 in peripheral blood dendritic cells (DC) of kidney transplantation recipients and to analyze its significance in immunity hyporesponsiveness of transplantation. Methods Twenty kidney allograft recipients who were survived more than five years were recruited to two groups: renal function stable groups, chronic rejection groups, and 10 healthy volunteers served as a control group. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were stimulated with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) and immature DC were obtained. The expression of ILT3 and ILT4 was detected by using flow cytometry. The level of HLA-G5 in serum was determined by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results ILT3 expression in renal function stable group was increased and decreased in chronic rejection groups as compared with control group (P＜0.05),but ILT4 expression had no significant difference among all groups. HLA-G5 in serum was significantly increased in renal function stable group as compared with other groups. Conclusion Expression of ILT3 and HLA-G was increased in the kidney transplantation recipients with stable renal function and long-term survival, suggesting that they may play an important role in inducing and maintaining periphery immune tolerance.