Objective To explore the effective prognostic factors of patients with multiple traumas. Method During January 2003 to March 2007, totally 324 patients with multiple traumas were treated in the emergency department of Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University. The relationship between prognosis and age, visiting time after injury, injury severity score (ISS) ,main wounded part and shock degree was analyzed. The data were tested using ehi-square test and logistic regression method. Results Seventy-eight patients died and 246 patients survived, the total mortality was 24.1%. Statistical differences existed in mortalities of patients with different visiting time (visiting hospital within 1 h,16.7%; visiting hospital beyond 1h, 37.4%),ISS (16≤ISS≤24, 5.7%; 25≤ISS≤40, 19.2%; IS8>40, 41.3%) and shock degree (non-shock, 11.8%; mild shock, 13.6%; moderate shock,27.7%; severe shock,46.9% ) ( P<0.01). There were no significant difference in mortalities among patients with different age (<18, 23.8% ; 18～38, 21.7% ; 38～58, 24.2% ;>58, 32.5% ) and with various main wounded part (head, 26.0%; neck, 25.3%; chest, 27.3%; abdomen, 24.1%; limbs, spine and pelvis,16.3%), P>0.05. Logistic regression study showed that mortality increased with postponed visiting time after injury, augment of ISS and aggravation of shock degree, with the exception that there was no differenoe in mortality of patients with between non-shock and mild shock. Conclusions Visiting time after injury, ISS and shock degree were valuable progrostic predictors for multiple traumas. It's vital to follow principle of damage controlled surgery and emphasis on the timeliness and integrity of medical rescue and control shock actively to reduce mortality of patients with multiple injuries.

AIM To explore effects of policosanol on depressing cholesterol in hyperlipidemia rats and the correlated biochemistry mechanism. METHODS The rats were randomly divided into normal control, policosanol 4 mg·kg~(-1) prevention, hyperlipidemia model, policosanol 4, 6 and 8 mg·kg~(-1) and lovastatin positive control groups. The later 5 group rats were fed with high-cholesterol diets for 4 weeks in order to make hyperlipidemia model and beginning from the 5th week, in addition to the normal control and model groups, other groups were ig given policosanol or lovastatin once a day for 6 weeks, respectively, and policosanol protection group rats were ig given with policosanol 4 mg·kg~(-1) once a day for 10 weeks, together with high-cholesterol diets everyday. Total cholesterol(TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations in the serum and fecal bile acid (FBA) in the exrement were determined by auto-biochemistry analyzer. The activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase in hepatocellular microsomes was detected by ultraviolet spectrophotometric analysis and activity of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) in peripheral blood lymphocyte was detected by fluorescence labelled integrator method. RESULTS Compared with hyperlipemia model group, the levels of TC decreased (39.1%-46.4%), LDL-C decreased (66.6%-80.7%), and FBA increased (9.7%-19.0%), the activity of HMG-CoA reductase decreased （13.8%-23.6%）, and activity of LDL-R increased (27.5%-129.6%) in policosanol prevention, policosanol 4, 6 and 8 mg·kg~(-1) and lovastatin groups, respectively; HDL-C increased （12.2%-16.7%） in policosanol prevention and policosanol 8 mg·kg~(-1) groups; TG decreased in lovastatin group. CONCLUSION Policosanol has significant effects on decreasing cholesterol. The decreasing cholesterol mechanism should include: ① increasing FBA excretion; ② decreasing the activity of HMG-CoA reductase; ③ increasing activity of LDL-R.

The paper analyzed the experiences of clinical subjects development at hospitals of Capital Medical University.On this basis,the authors raised such development suggestions as further improvement of the management systems,progressive affiliation mechanism,information platform,and better performance appraisal mechanism,for the purposes of empowering the standard and strength of clinical subjects of the hospitals.

Objective To analyze the technology competition situation in vaccine industry of Jilin Province from the visual angle of patents. Methods The Dawei Patents Database-covered patents data of vaccine industry in Jilin Province were analyzed by patent mapping, patent metrical analysis and social network analysis respectively. Re-sults The vaccine industry in Jilin Province was in a growing stage with a good development situation and a solid strength in its research institutions. Conclusion Stress should be laid on city development-driven production, pro-duction-driven city development, and optimizing industry policies for the development of vaccine industry in Jilin Province. Scientific research institutions should strengthen their collaboration in professionals, technologies, funds and markets in order to make breakthroughs in technologies and realize the economic value of patents.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the regulation effects of policosanol on lowering cholesterol and its enzymatic mechanism.METHODS:The rats were randomly assigned into control group,policosanol prevention group (4.0 mg?kg-1?d-1),policosanol low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose groups (4.0 mg?kg-1?d-1,6.0 mg?kg-1?d-1,8.0 mg?kg-1?d-1),lovastatin group (positive control) and hyperlipoidemia model group.The last five groups were induced hyperlipoidemia model for 4 weeks.Blood samples were collected after 6 weeks administration (i.g.).The levels of TC,TG,LDL-C and HDL-C in the serum were determined.Body weight and liver weight were measured and hepatic index was calculated.The activity of lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) in serum,hepatic lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL) were detected.RESULTS:Policosanol remarkably decreased the levels of TC (ranged from 39.1% to 43.3%) and LDL-C (ranged from 66.6% to 80.7%) in serum and hepatic index (ranged from 11.1% to 11.8%) (P

0.05). Conclusion Fluoride contents of local wheat in some areas of Chongqing exceeded standard.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the incidence and risk factors for hypertension among taxi drivers working different shifts.

METHODSUsing the cluster sampling method, 415 day-shift and 304 night-shift taxi drivers in Jinan, China were selected and investigated. The influencing factors for hypertension were analyzed.

RESULTSThe incidence of hypertension in all taxi drivers was 33.2%. The incidence of hypertension in night-shift drivers was significantly higher than that in day-shift drivers (37.8% vs 29.9%, P<0.05). According to multivariate analysis, the incidence of hypertension in day-shift drivers was closely related to body mass index (BMI), working years, working hours, sleep duration, rest days, diet quality, water intake, and smoking, while the incidence of hypertension in night-shift drivers was closely related to BMI, working years, working hours, part-time job, sleep duration, rest days, and drinking.

CONCLUSIONBMI, working years, and working hours are the common risk factors for hypertension in day-shift and night-shift drivers. Sleep duration and rest days are the common protective factors. The risk factors for hypertension in taxi drivers vary with different shifts.

Automobile Driving ; Body Mass Index ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; Incidence ; Occupational Health ; Rest ; Risk Factors ; Time Factors ; Work Schedule Tolerance

Objective To discuss the protective effects and mechanisms of dexamethasone and Shenfu sepa-rate and joint administration of flap after ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods 40-month-old fairly healthy rats were randomly divided into 4 group as A, B, C, D, and to product the abdominal island flap, then blocking the flow of blood of the pedicle artery respectively before 30 minutes when injecting with normal saline (1 ml/kg), dexametha-sone (1 ml/kg), Senate (10 ml/kg), joint injection with dexamethasone (1 ml/kg) and Shenfu (10 ml/kg). 4 groups of animals' blood samples were collected from the pedicle vein before the time of I hour when blocking vascu-lar pedicle and reperfusion after the time of 1 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, respectively. Then the plasma concentration of TNF-α was measured. Results The concentration of TNF-α in the treatment group was significantly lower than the blank group(P <0.01). And the group D and the group B、C has significant differences either(P <0.01). Conclu-sion Using Dexamethasone, Shenfu injection in early can reduce the concentration of TNFα in repeffusion injury of flap and has a protective effect on the flap, but make better effect in combined.

The microbial transformation of buflomedil by Cunninghamella blakesleana AS 3.153 was studied, as well as a microbial model which can be used to mimic metabolism of buflomedil in mammal was established. Experiments were conducted to screen the capabilities of four strains of Cunninghamella species to transform buflomedil, in which C. blakesleana AS 3.153 was selected for a preparative biotransformation. Furthermore, the microbial model was established based on the transformation condition optimization. The parent drug and its metabolites produced by C. blakesleana AS 3.153 were detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method and three metabolites were identified while two of them were new found metabolites. Two major metabolites, para-O-desmethyl buflomedil and 12-C-oxidated buflomedil, were isolated by semi-preparative HPLC. Based on the comparison between different species, the microbial transformation of buflomedil by C. blakesleana AS 3.153 is more similar to the metabolism of buflomedil in human and Beagle dog than that in rat.

Objectives To investigate HPV infection and its correlati on with the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibito r of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC). Meth ods HPV6/11 and 16/18 DNA were detected using in situ hybridization in 26 case s of VSCC, 21 cases of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) and 10 specimens o f normal skin. The expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 was measured by immunohistoche mical method in these three groups. Results The infection rates of HPV6/11 and 16/18 in VSCC and VIN were 69.23% (18/26) and 38.46% (10/26), 42.86% (9/21) and 28.57% (6/21) respectively, and no HPV6/11 or 16/18 DNA was discovered in norma l skin epidermis. The expression rates of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in VSCC, VIN and norm al skin epidermis were 92.31%(24/26) and 76.92% (20/26), 90.45% (19/21) and 80.9 5% (17/21), and 80.00% (8/10) and 50.00% (5/10) respectively. MMP-9 expression in HPV positive lesions was higher than that in HPV negative lesions, but no sig nificant difference of TIMP-1 expression was observed in HPV positive and negati ve lesions. Conclusions HPV infection may play a role in the development of VS CC. The higher expression of MMP-9 comparing with that of TIMP-1 may be an early marker of tumor progression in VSCC, and HPV infection may facilitate the invas ion and metastasis of VSCC.