BACKGROUND: The preventative capabilities of enamel demineralization, rising from the fixed orthodontic treatment, have drawn tremendous attention in recent years. Despite a variety of investigations carried out by both domestic and foreign scholars, whereas, the results of ways to reduce the incidence of demineralization are never fully satisfactory or unified. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the inhibitory effect of Fluor protector on enamel demineralization based on clinical practices during fixed orthodontic treatment.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Contrast observation was performed in the Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Second Sanatorium, Jinan Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from January 2006 to January 2009. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 132 participants (856 teeth, aged 7-18 years, average age 10.5 years, 76 females and 56 males), who had wall-developed hardened dental tissues, no tetracycline pigmentation teeth, no dental fiuorosis, or anything that constricted in their teeth, were involved in the study. And all subjects were volunteers who had signed the informed consent form and agreed to receive dental treatment and periodic review.METHODS: All the teeth were randomly divided into two groups: experimental and control groups. Teeth for the experimental group were bonded with the supporting brackets with the Fluor protectors, whereas teeth for the control group did basically the same only without the Fluor protectors. After the fixed orthodontic treatment, the supporting devices were removed, all the teeth were fully washed, and then the conditions of the tooth surfaces were observed and documented in both experimental and control groups.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The detection rate of orthodontic enamel demineralization in the two groups alter the fixed orthodontic treatment.RESULTS: After evaluation of the results of both groups, the incidence rate of enamel demineralization in the experimental group (5.51%) was obviously lower than control group (15.1%).CONCLUSION: Fluor protector has a significantly positive effect on preventing enamel demineralizaUon dudng fixed orthodontic treatment.

Objective To investigate the cell morphology and immune phenotypic characteristics in Uygur and Han patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.Methods Bone marrow smears of 67 cases diagnosed as MDS were systematicly observed and recorded,flow cytometry (FCM) was used to test the immunophenotyping.Results There were abnormal hematopoiesis in different extent in granulocyte series,erythron series and megakaryocytic series of all patients.Occurence of pathological hematopoietic performance in Uygur patients with MDS was similar to that in Han,granulocyte series [52 cases (77.6 ％)] ＞megakaryocytic series [44 cases (65.7 ％)] ＞ erythrocyte series [36 cases (53.7 ％)],the differences in two groups were not significant (x2 values 1.02,0.30,0.02,respectively,all P ＞ 0.05).The changes type of pathological hematopoietic performance in two groups were similar,single garden nuclear megakaryocyte [36 cases (53.7 ％)],false Pelger nuclear anomaly granulocyte [36 cases (53.7 ％)],erythroid gigantic young cell change [33 cases (49.3 ％)],granulocyte cell particles reduced or absent [27 cases (40.3 ％)] etc.The result of FCM showed that along with the progressive change of RA/RAS to RAEB/RAEB-t,the expression ratios of mature CD15 were decreased,while the expression ratios of early stage CD117 and CD34 were raised gradually (x2 values 6.23,12.06,8.95,7.37,8.95,8.08,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05),the differences in two groups were not significant (x2 values 0.715,0.024,0.146,respectively,all P ＞ 0.05).Meanwhile,Uygur patients with MDS has great expression of CD56 and Han had HLA-DR,there were significantly differences in two groups (x2 values 3.91 and 3.90,respectively,both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Occurence of pathological hematopoietic performance in Uygur patients with MDS are similar to that in Han.Most MDSs has two or more levels of pathological hematopoietic performance.The differences of immunophenotype characteristics in two groups are partially significant and test of immunophenotype are helpful in the diagnosis,classification,prognosis of MDS.

Objective To observe the psychological state in patients accepting prosthesis and the effect of psychological intervention on them. Methods38 patients were assessed with Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) before, after prosthesis fitting, and after rehabilitation training and psychological intervention. ResultsThere were 33 cases with somehow disorder in some factors of SCL-90 before prosthesis fitting. Except somatization, interpersonal and psychotic factors, all the other factors increased after fitting （P<0.05）. All the factors scored lower after rehabilitation and intervention （P<0.05）. ConclusionPatients accepting prosthesis appear with some psychological disorders, and get worst after prosthesis fitting. Rehabilitation training and psychological intervention can relieve these disorders.

Objective To investigate the mental health status of patients with coronary artery stent implantation. Methods Symptom Checklist (SCL-90) was used to evaluate the mental health conditions of 218 patients after coronary artery stent implantation with man-machine conversation and computer evaluation. Results It was found that 48 cases in excellent mental health, accounting for 22.02%; 56 cases in good mental health condition, accounting for 25.69%; 82 cases in normal mental health condition, accounting for 37.61%; and 32 cases in poor mental health, accounting for 14.68%. In addition to the interpersonal factor, hostility and psychosis factors, the other six factors’overall average score was more than 2. More than 50% of the staff scored greater than 3, and their average positive factors were greater than 43 items in somatization, depression, anxiety and fear. Conclusion The patients after coronary artery stent implantation suffered from many psychological problems.

Objective To investigate the EUS elastographic patterns of normal pancreas and focal pancreatic lesions, and its value for characterizing and differentiating between benign and malignant pancreatic tissues. Methods Between January and June 2009, 6 patients with normal pancreas and 9 patients with focal pancreatic lesions were enrolled. Real-time elastography was carried out during the conventional EUS examination. The elastographic images were scored with 1 to 5 based on the elastographic pattern. Results Nine focal pancreatic lesions were finally diagnosed as pancreatic cancer (n = 4), cyst-adenocarcinoma (n =1), cyst-adenoma (n = 2) and focal pancreatitis (n = 2), respectively. Pancreatic cancers were scored as 3(n = 1) and 4 (n = 3). Cyst-adenocarcinoma was scored as 5 and cyst-adenomas were scored both as 2,while focal pancreatitis were scored as 2 and 3, respectively. Elastographic pattern was scored as 1 (n = 5)and 2 (n = 1) in 6 normal pancreas. When scores 1 and 2 were assigned to benign lesion and 3 to 5 to malignancy, the overall diagnostic accuracy of EUS elastography for focal pancreatic lesions was 88. 9%(8/9). Conclusion There are apparent differences in elastographic patterns between benign and malignant pancreatic tissues. EUS elastography is a promising method that allows characterization and differentiation of benignancy and malignancy.

BACKGROUND:Autologous hamstring Rigidfix and Intrafix has been frequently used to fix and reconstruct anterior cruciate ligament. However, it lacks of evaluation of middle and long period of clinical outcomes. OBJECTIVE:To retrospectively evaluate the medium term clinical outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstring tendon autograft by Rigidfix and Intrafix. METHODS:The 39 cases of anterior cruciate ligament injury were subjected to anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstring tendon autograft by Rigidfix and Intrafix under arthroscope. They were fol owed up for 2 years or more. The clinical outcomes were evaluated using Lyshlom score scale, IKDC2000 and Tegner score scale. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the fol ow-up, IKDC2000 score and Lyshlom score were significantly increased fol owing Rigidfix and Intrafix fixation than before treatment (P<0.01). Results indicate satisfactory clinical outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstring tendon autograft by Rigidfix and Intrafix. However, long-term fol ow up is needed to verify the feasibility of extensive application.

Before and after treatment as well as before metastasis,the combined detection of progastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) was performed in 150 patients with small cell lung cancer.The follow-up period was 1 year.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and electrochemiluminescence immunoassay were conducted.The result showed a negative correlation between the serum levels of ProGRP and NSE the curative effect.And a positive correlation existed between the serum levels of ProGRP and NSE and disease development.The difference had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of ProGRP and NSE may be used to indicate the disease development and evaluate the curative effect.

Objective:To understand the cognitive differences and its influential factors of medical dispute and physician′s professionalism between medical personnel and patients, and further to provide evidence for the preven-tion and treatment of medical dispute. Methods:In the case of quality control, we surveyed on the cognitive of medical dispute and physician′s professionalism in medical personnel and patients using self-designed question-naire. Stratified cluster sampling method was used in this study, which recruited 847 medical workers and 577 pa-tients. Data analysis was conducted with SPSS 16. 0. The two sample rates were compared using Chi squaretest (α=0. 05). Results:There is a statistically significance in doctor-patient relationship evaluation, dispute pre-vention, dispute responsibility, fair treatment,impact on the doctors and patients, causes of medical disturbance, attitude tomedical disturbance, medical disturbance elimination, physician′s professionalism evaluation, improve-ment approach, and the physician′s professional value between the two samples, having a direct impact on the con-struction of physician′s professionalism. Conclusion:For medical personnel, they should strengthen the construc-tion of physician′s professionalism and establish effective mechanism to prevent medical dispute. For patienes, they should understand, trust and respect the doctors, and solve medical dispute rationally. For government, they should establish a reasonable mechanism for the settlement of medical dispute, create a rational atmosphere respon-ding to the medical dispute, and reduce the intensification of medical dispute.

Objective To analyze the genetic characteristics of measles virus strains causing two outbreaks in Guizhou province from November 2014 to March 2015. Methods Throat swab samples collect-ed from measles cases in two outbreaks were inoculated into Vero/SLAM cells. Viral RNAs were extracted from positive cultures. Nucleoprotein genes were amplified by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR) and the PCR products were sequenced and analyzed. Results Eleven strains of wild-type measles virus were isolated from the two measles outbreaks and all of them belonged to H1a sub-geno-type. Phylogenetic analysis showed that those strains were clustered into two distinct branches. Differences in nucleotide and amino acid genetic distances between the 11 strains of measles virus and the WHO reference strain of H1a sub-genotype (Chin9322) were 1. 1%-1. 6% and 0. 7%-3. 4%, respectively. Compared with the reference strain Chin9322 and Guizhou epidemic strains in recent years, six strains showed amino acid sequence mutations in 47 ( G to S) , 82 ( S to G) and 122 ( R to K) sites and two strains had a mutation in 98 ( P-L) site. Conclusion H1a sub-genotype measles virus was the predominant pathogen causing two measles outbreaks in Guizhou province during 2014 to 2015. Moreover, it was also a predominant sub-geno-type circulating in China and Guizhou province. Different measles virus strains of H1a sub-genotype contin-ued to be prevalent in Guizhou province. This study provided some scientific data for the control and elimina-tion of measles in Guizhou province.

Objective To study the correlation of the serum levels of pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP) and neuro-specific enolase (NSE) with different treatments in limited-disease small cell lung cancer (L-SCLC) patients.Methods 150 L-SCLC patients were randomly divided into three groups including concurrent chemo-radiotherapy group,sequential chemo-radiotherapy group,and chemotherapy group.The serum levels of ProGRP and NSE were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and electrochemiluminescence immunoassay before and after different treatments.The follow-up phase was 12 months.Results The serum levels of ProGRP and NSE were significantly decreased in all 3 groups after treatment (318.96,250.77,226.18 pg/ml and 31.72,23.95,17.89 μg/L),and the lowest level was observed in concurrent chemo-radiotherapy group,then the sequential chemo-radiotherapy group and chemotherapy group.The short term therapeutic effects were in the same sequence,and there was statistical significance between concurrent chemoradiotherapy group and chemotherapy (P ＜ 0.05).The decrease extent of ProGRP and NSE in effective cases (CR+PR) was significantly higher than that in failure cases in all 3 groups.The serum levels of ProGRP and NSE were increased with disease progress (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The serum levels of ProGRP and NSE can be used to reflect the patient' s condition and evaluate therapeutic effect in L-SCLC.The concurrent chemo-radiotherapy is more effective than sequential chemo-radiotherapy and chemotherapy only in L-SCLC.