Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), a member of the serine protease inhibitor (serpin) family, is well known for its endogenous antiangiogenic activity. The down-regulation or depletion of PEDF has been shown in many tumor tissues, and it was proved to be correlated with the prognosis of tumor. At present,the biological properties of PEDF and the mechanism of its anti-tumor activity have become a focus research, and it provides theoretical foundation to the treatment of carcinoma.

Objective To explore the imaging features on chest radiograph and CT in children with Influenza A H1N1 pneumonia. Methods The imaging data of chest radiograph and CT in six children with Influenza A H1N1 pneumonia confirmed by real-time RT-PCR assay was retrospectively analysis. All patients had chest radiograph at first examination and 4 of them re-examed. One children took CT. Results All cases showed thick lung markings with varied degrees of pulmonary infiltration and interstitial changes on chest radiograph. Among them, 3 cases showed bilateral pulmonary infiltration and 3 cases showed infiltration in left lung; enlarged hilar was observed in 3 cases. The imaging findings of the pneumonia changed quickly during the follow-up accompanied with the improvement of clinical symptoms. The only one chest CT examination showed bilateral infiltration, multiple ground-glass opacities,small subpleural nodulars, right pleural effusion and lymphadenopathy of lung hila and mediastinum. Conclusions Chest radiograph and CT revealed certain typical imaging features in the children with influenza A H1N1 pneumonia. However, the final diagnosis of influenza A H1N1 pneumonia still should be made based on epidemiology and laboratory examination.

onary artery was turtuous and dilated in 4 cases. Conclusion 64 MSCT is emerging as an essential imaging tool for detecting early anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery with high resolution and significance.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of spinal MR images in acute flaccid paralysis(AFP) associated with enterevirus 71 infected hand-foot-mouth disease.Methods The spinal MR images of eight infants with AFP and positive EV71 cultures were analyzed during an outbreak of hand-foot-mouth disease in China in 2008.Results Acute paralysis was observed in one lower limb in 4 of the 8 patients,in four limbs in 2 patients,in one upper limb and both lower limbs in 1 patient,2 of the 8 patients also had brain stem encephalitis.Lesions were identified in anterior horn regions of spinal cord with hyperintensity on T2-weighted images and hypointensity on T1-weighted images.Location of the lesions included C3 to C7(1 case),T10 extending to conus medullaris(5 cases)and a combination of the above (2 cases).Five of the 8 patients presented with unilateral paralysis.Two of the 5 cases showed unilateral hyperintense lesions in anterior horn regions and the remaining 3 cases showed bilateral hyperintense lesions in anterior horn regions with a unilateral predominance.One of the 3 patients with bilateral lesions showed slight enhancement of anterior horn with prominent enhancement of ventral roots after intravenous injections of contrast medium.Three of the 8 patients with bilateral paralysis showed bilateral hyperintensity in both anterior horn regions.Conclusion MR is the imaging medality of choice for the detection of radiculomyelitis of AFP associated with EV71 infection.

Objective To investigate the CT features of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in children. Methods Eighteen patients with inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor proven by surgery and pathology were examined with plain and contrast medium enhancement CT scan. Results Of 18 cases,16 had isolated lesions located at lung (n =4), mesentery (n =3), kidney (n =2) and trachea (n = 1 ),left main bronchus ( n = 1 ), right thoracic cavity ( n = 1 ), peritoneum cavity ( n = 1 ), pancreas ( n = 1 ),left thigh ( n = 1 ), prostate ( n = 1 ), superclvicle soft t tissue ( n = 1 ) , bladder ( n = 1 ). The other 2 cases were with multiple lesions on omentum and mesentery, and in intraperitoneal and side of split of right hepatic lobe, respectively. The CT findings of 18 cases included 16 solid mass with calcifications in 3 of them, and 2 solid-cystic mass. After contrast enhancement, moderate or marked homogeneous or heterogeneous enhancement were shown in all the solid parts of tumor on dynamic CT. Mass can compress surround great vessel and tube-like structure. On pathological examination, the tumor was mainly composed of spindleshaped fibrous cells and inflammatory cells, and the immunohistochemically staining for SMA was observed positively. Conclusion CT can provide specific information for diagnosis of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, yet definite diagnosis relies on pathology.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix polysaccharides on immune function injury induced by X rays in SD rats. Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, Angelicae Sinensis Radix Decoction group, Angelicae Sinensis Radix polysaccharide group and positive medicine group. After routine feeding for 14 day, each administration group was given relevant medicine for gavage, while control group and model group were given the same amount of distilled water for gavage, once a day for 7 d. From the 8th day, except for the control group, the rats in the rest of groups were subjected to whole-body X ray irradiation, continuous exposure to 2 d; the total absorbed dose was 6 Gy. The rats were killed by femoral artery after irradiate 3 d. The WBC count, RBC, HGB, and PLT in peripheral blood were observed by blood routine test; the number of nucleated cells in the bone marrow was observed by nucleated cell count method; the pathological changes of spleen were observed by HE staining under microscope; the contents of IFN-γ and IL-4 in serum were detected by ELISA. Results Compared with the control group, the spleen index WBC, number of bone marrow nucleated cells and serum contents of IL-4 and IFN-γ in model group was significantly lower (P<0.05), The contents of RBC and HGB increased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, WBC, number of bone marrow nucleated cells, and the contents of IL-4 and IFN-γ in serum of each administration group increased significantly (P<0.05); RBC and HGB decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix polysaccharides have protective effects on the immune function injure induced by X ray in SD rats.

OBJECTIVE: To study the characteristics of adverse drug reactions( ADR) in our hospital. METHODS: 240 ADR cases collected between 2003 and 2006 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Of the total ADR cases, 211( 87. 92% ) were induced by intravenous drugs, 153( 63. 75% ) were induced by antibacterials, and 118( 49. 17% ) were manifested as lesions of skin and its appendages. CONCLUSIONS: Importance should be attached to the monitor and reporting of ADR so as to lessen or avoid the occurrence of ADR.

Objective To investigate and compare the clinical thinking ability of medical graduate students of different majors and different grades to explore the influencing factors of clinical thinking ability. Methods 180 graduate students in Medical College of Qingdao University were sur-veyed,including 54 nursing and 126 clinical medicine graduates of different grades. We used a self-designed scale of clinical thinking ability which included three main dimensions (critical thinking abil-ity, systematic thinking ability, evidence-based thinking ability) and twenty-four level 2 items. Ap-plying t test, ANOVA, multiple linear regression analysis for data statistical analysis. Results There's no significant difference comparing the scores of nursing graduates to the scores of clinical medical graduates(t=-0.80, P>0.05). However, there is significant difference in the different grade graduates (F=53.43, P<0.05). The multiple linear regression analysis shows that the practice time, reading professional literature quantity, and starting research earlier or later,are signif-icantly related to the clinical thinking ability(P<0.05). Conclusion The clinical thinking level of medical graduate students is generally high, and the higher grade, the higher level of clinical think-ing ability. We must strength-en the training of clinical thinking ability of medical graduates.

Objective: To prepare a nanoprobe, anti-human melanoma ganglioside single chain variable fragment (GD/ScFvMEL) antibody conjugated with CdTe quantum dot, and to observe its ability to specifically bind human malignant melanoma cells. Methods: The GD/ScFvMEL gene was cloned into pET32a (+), and the plasmid was then transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) for GD/ScFvMEL protein antibody expression. The expressed GD/ScFvMEL antibody was purified by denaturing method and further refolded by modified dialysis method. The purified GD/ScFvMEL antibody was analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The GD/ScFvMEL-QDs nanoprobe was prepared by conjugating GD/ScFvMEL antibody with CdTe quantum dot, and its specificity was observed by incubating with MGC-803 cells and melanoma A375 cells. Results: The recombinant pET32a-GD/ScFvMEL was constructed and confirmed by PCR, restriction endonuclease analysis and DNA sequencing. The proportion of expressed GD/ScFvMEL antibody in total bacteria proteins was about 40% as detected by SDS-PAGE. The purified- and refolded-GD/ScFvMEL antibody was effectively conjugated with CdTe quantum dot, and the resulting GD/ScFvMEL-QDs nanoprobe was successfully prepared. The GD/ScFvMEL-QDs nanoprobe could specifically bind melanoma A375 cells, but could not bind stomach cancer MGC-803 cells. Conclusion: We have successfully prepared an anti-human melanoma ganglioside single-chain antibody-CdTe quantum dot nanoprobe, which can specifically bind melanoma cells.

Objective To observe the effect of pre-intervention with electroacupuncture at Neiguan (PC 6) plusα2-adrenoceptor (α2AR) agonist on peri-operative heart rate variability (HRV).Method A total of 120 patients going to receive lower limb orthopedic surgery were randomized into four groups by using the random number table, namely a control group (group A), an electroacupuncture group (group C), anα2AR agonist group (group D) and an electroacupuncture plus medication group (group N), 30 cases in each group. The indicators of heart rate variability (HRV), including the standard deviation of normal-to-normal (N-N) intervals (SDNN), standard deviation of the average of N-N intervals (SDANN), root mean square successive differences (rMSSD), percentage of adjacent N-N intervals>50 ms apart (pNN50), low-frequency power (LF), high-frequency power (HF), LF/HF and total power (TP) were recorded 1 d prior and 1 d after the operation; meanwhile, the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded before incubation (T0), right after incubation (T1), 5 min after incubation (T2), right afterextubation (T3), 5 min after extubation (T4), 60 min after extubation (T5), and 180 after extubation (T6).Result In group N, the HR and MAP at the other time points were insignificantly different from those at T0 (P>0.05); in group A, the HR and MAP at T1-T6 were significantly different from those at T0 (P<0.05); in group C and D, the HR and MAP at T1-T4 were significantly different from those at T0 (P<0.05); the HR and MAP in group N were significantly lower than those in group A at T1-T6 (P<0.05) and were significantly lower than those in group C and D at T1-T4 (P<0.05); the HR and MAP in group C and D were significantly lower than those in group A at T5 and T6 (P<0.05). In group A, the LF, HF, LF/HF and TP 1 d after the operation were significantly increased compared to those 1 d prior to the operation (P<0.05); in group A and D, the SDNN, SDANN, rMSSD, and pNN501 d after the operation were significantly lower than those 1 d prior to the operation (P<0.05); the LF, HF, LF/HF, and TP in group C, D and N were significantly lower than those in group A 1 d after the operation (P<0.05); the SDNN, SDANN, rMSSD, and pNN50 in group C and N were significantly higher than those in group A and D 1 d after the operation (P<0.05). Conclusion Pre-intervention electroacupuncture plusα2AR agonist can improve the balance of cardiac sympathetic and vagus nerves, and better maintain the peri-operative hemodynamic stability.